• 산업기술연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.25-29
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• 1999

Rotary bending fatigue tests were carried out to investigate the fatigue behavior of high performance ductile cast iron experienced super rapid induction heat treatment. The effect of super rapid induction treatment on fatigue limit was experimentally examined with the special focus on the variation surface microstructure and the fatigue crack initiation and propagation through fractography. Main results obtained are as follows. By super rapid induction treatment in FCD500, the martensite structure obtained through conventional quenching heat treatment was confirmed on the specimen surface. The fatigue crack initiation in the hardened surface layer was restricted by the martensite structure and compressive residual stress. Thus, it could be interpreted that the initiation stress would be increased by the improvement of surface structure. The fatigue crack propagation in the hardened layer was retarded by the presence of the globular shape martensite around the graphite nodule and compressive residual stress. The crack propagation path has shown zigzag pattern in the hardened surface layer.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2002

공간의 효율적 이용 및 법정 주차대수 확보 등으로 아파트 단지의 지하층은 대부분 지하주차장으로 활용되고 있으며, 주차장상부도 시공 중에 성토 및 포장공사가 완성되지 않은 상태에서 작업차량의 통로 및 자재 야적장으로 사용되고 있어 과하중이 작용되고 있는 실정이다. 그러므로 시공중이거나 완공된 지하구조물에서 지속적으로 균열 및 누수현상이 발생하여 구조물의 성능저하는 물론 많은 금액의 하자보수비 투입, 민원유발 및 대외적인 신뢰도 저하 등 많은 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 시공중인 아파트와 준공된 아파트 지하주차장을 대상으로 현장조사를 실시하고, 그동안 실시한 안전진단 사례를 참고하여 아파트 지하주차장의 균열 및 누수현상 원인을 파악하고 그에 따른 설계 및 시공상의 방지대책을 마련하는데 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1989

응력파의 영향을 받는 균열의 동적응력확대계수를 구하기 위해 동적에너지방출율에 관한 명시적인 표현식을 유도하고, 이를 이용하여 유한요소법에 적합한 수치계산방법을 제시한다. 새로운 운동학적 기술방법과 균열의 가상증분을 이용하여 균열선단의 유한한 영역에서 정의되는 체적적분식을 연속체 역학적인 정식화를 통하여 구하고, 이의 수치적분 유한영역의 모델링에 사용된 등매개변수특이요소 내에서 특이성을 만족하는 적합조건하에서 수행된다. 본 방법은 경로적분식을 이용하는 기존 방법들에 비해 보다 정확하고 안정된 결과를 제공하고 동시에 응력파의 영향을 적시에 조사할 수 있으며, 본 방법에 의해 개발된 유한요소모듈은 기존의 동적응력 해석프로그램에 용이하게 연결 설치할 수 있음을 보인다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2010

The analysis of a crack in a bone-like material is performed numerically. The bone-like material is hierarchically structured and each hierarchy is structured by mineral platelets and protein matrix through staggered arrangement. Mechanical behavior of the composite can be analyzed using tension shear chain model. The Dugdale model is adopted to evaluate the fracture energy of Bone-like material. The fracture energy dissipation is assumed to concentrate within a strip near the crack tip along the prospective crack path. Fracture criterion of the bone-like material is estimated by using J integral. Effects of hierarchical level, ratio of elastic modulus of mineral to protein, aspect ratio of mineral platelet and volume fraction on J integral are investigated. It is found that the J integral decreases as elastic modulus ratio and hierarchy level increase. It is also shown that the J integral increases as the volume fraction and aspect ratio decrease.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2011

CANDU reactor core is composed a few hundreds pressure tubes, which support and locate the nuclear fuels in the reactor. Each pressure tube provides pressure boundary and flow path of primary heat transport system in the core region. In order to guarantee the structural integrity of pressure tube flaws which can be found by in-service inspection, crack growth and fracture initiation assessment have to be performed. Stress intensity factors are important and basic information for structural integrity assessment of planar and laminar flaws (e. g. crack). This paper reviews and confirms the stress intensity factor of axial crack, proposed in CSA N285.8-05, which is an fitness-for-service evaluation code for pressure tubes in CANDU nuclear reactors. The stress intensity factors in CSA N285.8-05 were compared with stress intensity factors calculated by three methods (finite element results, API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 2007 Fitness-For-Service and ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section XI). The effects of Poisson's ratio and anisotropic elastic modulus on stress intensity factors were also discussed.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1996

Monolithic AlN and AlN-W composites were fabricated by pressure-less sintering at 190$0^{\circ}C$ under nitrogen atmosphere and the influences of tungsten phase on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investi-gated. In the fabrication of sintered specimen no additive was used. And monolithic AlN showed substantial grain growth and low relative density. AlN-W composites were fully densified and grain growths of matrix were inhibited. The densification behavior of composites were inferred to be achieved through the liquid phase sintering process such as particle-rearrangement and solutino-reprecipitation. Also the oxid phases which is expected to form liquid phases duringsintering process were detected by XRD analysis. As the tungsten volume content increases fracture strength was decreased and fracture toughness was increased. It was suppo-sed that the strength decrease of composites with tungsten content was due to existence of interface phases. The subcritical crack growth behavior was observed from the stress-strain curve of composites. The effect of the secondary phase and interface phases on toughness in crease were studied through observation of crack propagation path and the influence of residual stress on crack propagation was investigated by X-ray residual stress measurement. In the result of residual stress measurement the compressive stress of matrix in composi-test was increased with tungsten volume content and the compressive stress distribution of matrix must have contributed to the inhibition of crack propagation.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제20권B호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2000

A study has been made on the behavior of microscopic fatigue crack growth at the stress level of the fatigue limit with ferrite-martensitic structures. For the above purpose, two types of the microstructures were prepared ; one is the microstructure having the ferrite encapsulating the islands of second phase martensite(FEM), the other is the microstructure with the martensite encapsulating the islands of ferrite(MEF). It has been pointed out that the fatigue limits of these microstructures are related to the critical stress at which the microcrack in the ferrite proceeds to the martensite. The high fatigue limit might be excepted for the MEF microstructure in which the critical crack length would be restricted within the second phase spacing in contrast with the FEM microstruture. However, the fatigue tests shows that no appreciable difference of the fatigue limits among them were recognized. Also, it turned out from the metallographic observations that the micro crack path is very much affected by the microstructures, so that the microcracks grow according to the 3-dimentional situation of its microstructures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.765-779
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• 2009

Quantitative condition assessment of structures has been traditionally using proof load test leading to an indication of the load-carrying capacity. Alternative approaches using ultrasonic, dynamics etc. are based on the unloaded state of the structure and anomalies may not be fully mobilized in the load resisting path and thus their effects are not fully included in the measured responses. This paper studies the effect of the load carried by a reinforced concrete beam on the assessment result of the crack damage. This assessment can only be performed with an approach based on static measurement. The crack damage is modelled as a crack zone over an area of high tensile stress of the member, and it is represented by a damage function for the simulation study. An existing nonlinear optimization algorithm is adopted. The identified damage extent from a selected high level load and a low load level are compared, and it is concluded that accurate assessment can only be obtained at a load level close to the one that creates the damage.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1013-1028
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• 2017

본 논문은 원형 자유면을 이용한 암반 파쇄에 대한 수치해석적 연구이다. 암반 파쇄시 균열 발생에 대한 메커니즘을 알아보기 위하여 수치해석을 통해 응력 및 변형율 경로를 분석하였다. 수치해석 결과로부터 균열선의 주응력 분석으로 최대 주응력을 산출하여 취성 재료의 파괴와 균열 진전에 대하여 분석 규명하였다. 또한 본 연구결과를 통하여 암반파쇄시 균열 진전 방향이 전환되는 거동 메커니즘을 제시하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.572-582
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• 2021

This study investigated the creep and creep crack growth (CCG) behavior of the base metal (BM), weld metal (WM), and heat affected zone (HAZ) in a Gr. 91 weldment, which was made by a shield metal arc weld process. A series of tensile, creep, and CCG tests were performed for the BM, WM, and HAZ at 550 ℃. Creep behavior of the BM, WM, and HAZ was analyzed in terms of various creep laws; Norton's power-law, Monkman-Grant relation and damage tolerance factor (λ), and their constants were determined. In addition, each CCGR law for the BM, WM, and HAZ was proposed and compared in terms of a C^*-fracture parameter. The WM and HAZ revealed faster creep rate, lower rupture ductility, and faster CCGRs than the BM, but they showed a similar behavior in the creep and CCG. The CCGRs obtained in the present study exhibited a marginal difference when compared with those of RCC-MRx of currently elevated design code in France. A creep crack path in the HAZ plane progressed towards a weak fine-grained HAZ adjacent to the BM.