• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2007

In this paper, we have proposed a simple finite element model for separation mode analysis on the roadwheel and track assembly of main battle tank and established a contact stress-based mechanism which could explain the initiation and growth of separation defect occurred during the test of padreplacable track. It was proved that the longitudinal contact shear stress component on the pin hole region of the track shoe body which is parallel to the driving direction is consistent with the crack initiation at the bonding surface between track shoe and wheel-side rubber. The longitudinal shear stress increased locally near the separated region after the separation initiated. So we could assume that the local stress concentration accelerates the separation growth according to the shear mode.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.675-687
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• 2018

In the previous studies on the porous rock strength the effect of pore number and its diameter is not explicitly defined. In this paper crack initiation, propagation and coalescence in Brazilian model disc containing a single cylindrical hole and or multiple holes have been studied numerically using PFC3D. In model with internal hole, the ratio of hole diameter to model diameter was varied between 0.03, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, and 0.42. In model with multiple hole number of holes was different in various model, i.e., one hole, two holes, three holes, four holes, five holes, six holes, seven holes, eight holes and nine holes. Diameter of these holes was 5 mm, 10 mm and 12 mm. The pre-holed Brazilian discs are numerically tested under Brazilian test. The breakage load in the ring type disc specimens containing an internal hole with varying diameters is measured. The mechanism of cracks propagation in the wall of the ring type specimens is also studied. In the case of multi-hole Brazilian disc, the cracks propagation and b cracks coalescence are also investigated. The results shows that breaking of the pre-holed disc specimens is due to the propagation of radially induced tensile cracks initiated from the surface of the central hole and propagating toward the direction of diametrical loading. In the case of disc specimens with multiple holes, the cracks propagation and cracks coalescence may occur simultaneously in the breaking process of model under diametrical compressive loading. Finally the results shows that the failure stress and crack initiation stress decreases by increasing the hole diameter. Also, the failure stress decreases by increasing the number of hole which mobilized in failure. The results of these simulations were comprised with other experimental and numerical test results. It has been shown that the numerical and experimental results are in good agreement with each other.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2009

A gas turbine consists of an upstream compressor and a downstream turbine with a combustion chamber, and also the compressor and the turbine are generally coupled using a single shaft. Many casing bolts are used to assemble two horizontally separated casings, the gas turbine casing and the compressor casing, in both of axial and vertical directions. Because drilled holes for casing bolts in vertical direction are often too close to drilled holes for casing bolts in axial direction, one can observe cracks in the area frequently during operations of a gas turbine. In this study of the root cause analysis for the cracking initiating from the drilled holes of the casings of a gas turbine, the finite element analysis(FEA) was applied to evaluate the thermal and mechanical characteristics of the casings. By applying the field operation data recorded from combined cycle power plants for FEA, thermal and thermo-mechanical characteristics of a gas turbine are analyzed. The crack is initiated at the geometrical weak point, but it is found that the maximum stress is relieved when the same type of cracks is introduced on purpose during FEA. So, it is verified that the local fracture could be delayed by machining the same type of defects near the hole for casing flange bolts of the gas turbine, where the crack is initiated.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2011

Recently, with the merits of simplicity, ease of mass production and cost effectiveness, a roll-to-roll (R2R) forming process is tried to be employed in the manufacturing of the circuit board, barrier ribs and other electronic device. In this study, the roll-to-roll process for the forming of micro-pattern in electronic device panel is designed and analyzed. In the preliminary experiments, two major defects, i.e., crack near the dimple wall and wrinkling on outside region of dimple, are found. The study on the crack prevention is carried out in previous works by authors. In this study, the cause of wrinkling and modification of tooling to prevent the wrinkling is studied. The main cause of wrinkling is considered to be the uneven material flow along the rolling direction. To reduce or to retard the wrinkling initiation, a dummy shape on outside the pattern is introduced. From the finite element analysis results, it is shown that the dummy shape can reduce the uneven material flow significantly. Finally the effect of dimensions of the dummy shape on material flow is investigated and the optimum dimensions are found.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1987

The evaluation of the elastic-plastic fracture toughness $J_{1C}$ was performed on the center of weld metal(CWM), the heat affected zone (HAZ) and the base metal (BM) of API 5LB steel pipes welded by the high frequency electric resistance welding. The $J_{1C}$ was evaluated by the JSME R-Curve and JSME SZW methods using the smooth and side-grooved specimens. The results are as follows; (1) The $J_{1C}$ values by the SZW method are overestimated as compared with those by the R-curve method, because the micro-crack is formed as SZW increase with the deformation at SZ after initiation of the ductile crack. (2) The everage of $J_{1C}$ values by the the R-curve and the SZW methods in side-grooved specimens tended to decrease in comparison with smooth specimens 9.42% at CWM, 4.2% at HAZ, 23.2% at BM, respectively. (3) The boundary of the fatigue pre-crack, stretched zone, and dimple regions appeared more clearly in side-grooved specimens, for the slight change of SZW in the direction of the plate thickness, as compared with smooth specimens.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2006

This paper investigates the characteristics of a hydro-mechanical punching process. The hydro-mechanical punching process is divided into two stages: the first stage is the mechanical half piercing in which an upper punch goes down before the initial crack is occurred; the second stage is the hydro punching in which a lower punch goes up until the final fracture is occurred. Ductile fracture criteria such as the Cockcroft, Brozzo and Oyane are adopted to predict the fracture of sheet material. The index values of ductile fracture criteria are calculated with a user material subroutine, VUMAT in the ABAQUS Explicit. The hydrostatic pressure retards the initiation of a crack in the upper region of the blank and induces another crack in the lower region of the blank during the punching process. The final fracture zone is placed at the middle surface of the blank to the thickness direction. The result demonstrates that the hydro-mechanical punching process makes a finer shearing surface than the conventional one as hydrostatic pressure increases.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.131-143
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• 2023

The CFRP bar was used to achieve more ductile and durable headed-stud shear connectors in composite components. Three series of push-out tests were firstly conducted, including specimens reinforced with pure steel fibers, steel and CFRP bars. The distributed stress was measured by the commercial PPP-BOTDA (Pre-Pump-Pulse Brillouin optical time domain analysis) optical fiber sensor with high spatial resolution. A series of numerical analyses using non-linear FE models were also made to study the shear force transfer mechanism and crack response based on the test results. Test results show that the CFRP bar increases the shear strength and stiffness of the large diameter headed-stud shear connection, and it has equivalent reinforcing effects on the stud shear capacity as the commonly used steel bar. The embedded CFRP bar can also largely improve the shear force transfer mechanism and decrease the tensile stress in the transverse direction. The parametric study shows that low content steel fibers could delay the crack initiation of slab around the large diameter stud, and the CFRP bar with normal elastic modulus and the standard reinforcement ratio has good resistance to splitting crack growth in headed stud shear connectors.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2018

본 연구에서 페리다이나믹 이론 모델을 이용하여 준정적하중과 동적 하중, 균열전파와 분기균열 패턴 그리고 등방성재료, 직교 이방성 재료의 균열 진전 해석 등 다양한 조건을 고려한 전산 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 그 적합성을 검토하였다. 초기 균열은 없지만 중심에 홀이 있는 등방성 재료, 초기 균열이 존재하는 등방성 및 이방성 재료에 대한 전산 시뮬레이션이 수행되었다. 조정 동적 완화 기법이 사용되어 준정적 하중을 모사하였고, 이방성 재료 해석에서는 고전 연속체 역학과 페리다이나믹의 변형률 에너지를 고려한 균질화 방법이 사용되었다. 균열 전파와 분기 균열이 성공적으로 확인되었으며 파괴 거동의 시작과 그 방향 역시 페리다이나믹 이론으로 확인되었다. 페리다이나믹을 균질화 방법을 사용하여 비교적 복잡한 이방성 재료에 적용한 경우 역시 실험 결과 값과 비교하여 검증하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1444-1450
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• 2003

The fatigue life and tensile strength of JLF-1 steel (Fe-9Cr-2W-V-Ta) and its TIG weldment were investigated at the room temperature and $400^{\circ}C$. Four kinds of test specimens, which associated with the rolling direction and the TIG welding direction were machined. The base metal of JLF-1 steel represented almost anisotropy in the tensile properties for the rolling direction. And the base metal of JLF-1 steel showed lower strength than that of TIG weldment. Also, the strength of all materials entirely decreased in accordance with elevating test temperature. Moreover, the fatigue limit of weld metal was largely increase than that of base metal at both temperatures. The fatigue limit of JLF-1 steel decreased in accordance with elevating test temperature. The fatigue limit of JLF-1 steel decreased in accordance with elevating test temperature. The SEM fractography of tensile test specimen showed conspicuous cleavage fracture of a radial shape. In case of fatigue life test specimen, there were so many striations at crack initiation region, and dimple was observed at final fracture region as a ductile fracture mode.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.150-157
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• 1985

본 연구에서는 자연적인 미소흠함주위에 발생, 전파하는 피로크랙의 거동을 검토하기 위하여, 기존재료가 갖고 있는 흠함이나 비금속개재물을 대신할 수 있다고 생각되는 크기가 다른 비관통 인공미성구멍을 갖는 여러 종류의 시험편을 준비하고, 이 시험편들이 갖는 인공미성구멍주위에 발생전파하는 피로크랙의 거동을, 금속현미경 관찰을 토대로 상세히 고찰하였다. 그리고 이러한 관찰을 기초로 하여 비관통인공미 성구멍의 대성에 따른 피로한계도거동에 대해서도 고찰하였다.