• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.571-576
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• 2016

In this study, the anti-inflammatory activities of the 80% ethanol extract of Dystaenia takeshimana (DT) were investigated using Raw 264.7 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The effect of DT extract on the production of pro-inflammatory factors (iNOS, COX-2) in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages was examined. The cytotoxic effect of DT extract on macrophage cells (Raw 264.7) was examined by the 3-[4, 5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Treatment with DT extract showed 100% or more cell viability at the concentration $1,000{\mu}g/ml$. The inhibitory effect of DT extract on protein expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was measured by western blotting using the concentrations 50, 100, and $500{\mu}g/ml$, with ${\beta}-actin$ used as the positive control. Consequently, the protein expression of iNOS, and COX-2 as observed by western blotting, was decreased by 56%, 61.6%, respectively with $500{\mu}g/ml$ DT extract. Inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression was measured by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using DT extract concentrations 50, 100, and $500{\mu}g/ml$, with GAPDH used as a positive control. Consequently, the mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 as observed by reverse-transcription-PCR was decreased by 77.9% and 83.3%, respectively at $500{\mu}g/ml$ concentration of DT extract. In conclusion, DT extract may affect inflammatory factors as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.178-183
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• 2017

This study examined a new functional cosmetic material possessing application possibility of Sambucus sieboldiana var. pendula (Nakai) (SS) extract. For this, we analyzed the toxic effect of the SS extract on macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells) by performing MTT assay. Results of the MTT assay showed ${\geq}100%$ cell viability after treatment with $500{\mu}g/ml$ SS extract. To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the SS extract, we examined its inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells by performing Griess assay. Result of the Griess assay showed that the SS extract inhibited LPS-induced NO production in a concentration-dependent manner. Next, we examined the effect of the SS extract on the production of proinflammatory factors inducible NOS (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. First, we determined the inhibitory effect of 50, 100, and $500{\mu}g/ml$ SS extract on iNOS and COX-2 protein expression by performing western blot analysis, with ${\beta}$-actin as a positive control. Results of western blotting showed that treatment with $500{\mu}g/ml$ SS extract decreased iNOS and COX-2 protein expression by 31.2% and 54.7%, respectively. Next, we determined the inhibitory effect of 50, 100, and $500{\mu}g/ml$ SS extract on iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression by performing reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with GAPDH as a positive control. Results of reverse transcription-PCR showed that treatment with $500{\mu}g/ml$ SS extract decreased the mRNA expression of iNOS and COX-2 by 72.2% and 89%, respectively. These results suggest that the SS extract is a highly valuable natural compound because of its functional components and anti-inflammatory activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Statistical Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.153-158
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• 2002

시계열 자료의 분석에서 분산이 일정하지 않을 경우 이에 대한 해결방법으로 변환이 사용된다. 그러나 이러한 변환은 분산을 안정화시킴으로서 추정 및 검정에 타당성을 주는 반면 새로운 편의를 생성하거나(Granger & Newbold,1976) 모형을 복잡하게 만듦으로써 해석의 어려움도 수반한다. 신과 강(2001)은 평균이 크고 그에 비해 분산이 작을 경우 Box-Cox 멱 변환이 시계열 자료에 대하여 별 영향을 미치지 않음을 연구하였다. 본 논문은 이에 대한 확장으로 공간자료에서도 이 이론이 성립함을 밝혔다.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.117-130
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• 1997

We study the asymptotic behavior of the maximum partial likelihood estimator in the Cox proportional hazards model in the presence of nuisance parameters when the entry of patients is staggered. When entry of patients is simultaneous and there is only one regression parameter in the Cox model, the efficient score process of the partial likelihood is martingale and converges weakly to a time-chnaged Brownian motion. Our problem is to get a similar result in the presence of nuisance parameters when entry of patient is staggered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Increased expression of inducible cyclo-oxygenase (COX-2) is associated with a wide variety of tumours. In addition inhibitors of COX have shown a great deal of promise in vitro and in animal models as potential anti-tumour therapies. COX enzymes utilise the substrate arachidonic acid to produce prostaglandin (PO)H$_2$, the precursor to all the prostanoids.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.148-148
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• 2001

Estrogen is known to exert potent vasodilating effects accompanied with an elevation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX -2) expression. Structurally similar compounds, isoflavones, have shown in our previous study that they stimulate COX-2 of the heart of animals fed soy isoflavones.(omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.967-976
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• 2011

The Box-Cox transformation is a well known family of power transformations that brings a set of data into agreement with the normality assumption of the residuals and hence the response variable of a postulated model in regression analysis. Normalization (studentization) of the regressors is a common practice in analyzing microarray data. Here, we implement Box-Cox transformation in normalizing regressors in microarray data. Pridictabilty of the model can be improved using data transformation compared to studentization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.133-134
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• 2001

Abnormal regulation of the inducible form of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) has been often observed in various types of cancerous and transformed cells. Recently, targeted inhibition of COX-2 is recognized as one of the promising strategies for the prevention or treatment of cancer as well as inflammation, As part of a program to evaluate the cancer chemopreventive potential of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals, we initially determined the COX-2 inhibitory activity of some naturally occurring diarylheptanoids structurally related to curcumin.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.135-135
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• 2002

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme expressed in response to a variety of cytokines and other proinflammatory stimuli. It has been known that aberrant up-regulation of COX-2 is associated with resistance to apoptosis.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.213.1-213.1
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• 2003

Alpha-viniferin was isolated from Carex humilis (Cyperaceae), and showed anti-inflammatory effects on carrageenin or histamine-induced paw edema in mice. To understand mode of the anti-inflammatory action. effects of alpha-viniferin on cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, iNOS, oxygen radicals and proinflammatory cytokines have been analyzed. Alpha-viniferin showed selective inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ on COX-2 activity but showed weak inhibitory effect on the synthesis of COX-2 transcript which was identified by RT-PCR. (omitted)