• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1395-1411
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• 2009

The Korea railroad industry has experienced the operating deficit annually since 1980. And the ridership has been reduced since 1990. Therefore, a structural reform of the Korea railroad industry conducted at 2003. Basic principles of their structural reform are no differences among the Korea and advanced counties. But different outcomes depending on each country situation appears. These cost functions appear the existence of all economic of scale. And when increase the average transport distance annually, the average cost reduce annually. The results of structural reform by comparing before and after, the average cost was lower than previously. The Structural reform and the operation of the KTX, the two effects at the same time, the synergy effect has occurred. Because of the synergy effect, the performance is estimated to be larger. Due to the effective operation of structural reform that could reduce costs.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.331-338
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• 2021

This study used data from the 10rd and 15th year of the Korean Welfare Panel to evaluate the effects of the Energy Voucher Program(EVP) on the consumption and expenditure of EVP users' households. The study consisted of program group using EVP and control group not using. Chi-square and t-test were used for the characteristic differences among the groups, and the difference of consumption expenditure was identified by multiple regression analysis. As a result, EVP had a statistically significant effect on the health care costs of EVP users' households, resulting in an increase in health care costs(𝛽=3.06). However, there was no statistically significant effect on the total cost of living, basic cost, education cost, and recreation/entertainment cost. Therefore, in order to increase the effectiveness of the EVP system, it is required to improve the EVP system by expanding the level of benefits and easing the qualification standards for the eligibility for benefits.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.343-349
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• 2019

This study used data from the 3rd and 11th year of the Korean Welfare Panel to evaluate the effects of the Long-Term Care Insurance(LTCI) system on the consumption and expenditure of LTCI users' households. The study consisted of program group using LTCI and control group not using. Chi-square and t-test were used for the characteristic differences among the groups, and the difference of consumption expenditure was identified by multiple regression analysis. As a result, LTCI had a statistically significant effect on the health care costs of LTCI users' households, resulting in an increase in health care costs(${\beta}=3.06$). However, there was no statistically significant effect on the total cost of living, basic cost, education cost, and recreation/entertainment cost. Therefore, in order to show the effect of LTC system, we should try to reduce of self-pay and improve the contents and quality of the service of the LTC system.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.283-295
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• 2022

This study attempts to explore factors that influence the perception of importance of information security. Three possible exogenous variables including perceived certainty of punishment, perceived response cost, and acquiescense are suggested that are based on the protectiom motivation theory. As a result, we found followings. First, The perceived punishment certainty has a significant effect on the perceived importance of information security. Also, it influences a negative effect on acquiescence. Second, the response cost has a negative effect on the perceived importance of information security. In addition, the response cost positively effects on acquiescence. Finally, acquiescence negatively influences on the perceived importance of information security. The results show that, in order to increase the perceived importance of information security among employees, it is necessary to make them aware that a security violation can result in certain punishment. At the same time, organizations should also attempt to remove major obstacles accompanying security behaviors of employees. Finally, organizations encourage open communication relating to information security among employees.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2017

People believe that they make a rational decision. But the results of behavioral economics research show that people make a emotional decision at many times. The perception of fairness is one of the example in emotional decision. Sometimes people give up their monetary profit and revenge counterpart when they feel unfair. So the perception of fairness is very important. Two experiment was conducted. In experiment 1, researcher studied the effect of the pre-investment cost in perception of fairness. The result showed people who had pre-investment cost thought more unfair but were more likely to continue prior decision. In experiment 2, researcher studied the effect of type of CEO and message frame in perception of fairness. The results showed that people thought the proposal was more unfair when CEO was son of founder and message was gain and loss framing message.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.39-44
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• 2015

The VHTR (Very High Temperature gas-cooled nuclear Reactor) has been considered as a major heat source and the most safe generation IV type reactor for mass hydrogen production to prepare for the hydrogen economy era. The VHTR satisfies goals for the GIF (Generation IV International Forum) policy such as sustainablility, economics, reliability and proliferation resistance and physical protection, and safety. As a part of a VHTR economic analysis, we have studied the VHTR construction cost and operation and maintenance cost. However, it is somewhat difficult to expect the ripple effect on the whole industry due to the lack of information about Inter-industries relationship. In many case, the ripple effect are based on experts' knowledge or uncertain qualitative assumptions. As a result, we propose quantitative analysis techniques for ripple effects such as the production inducement effect, added value inducement effect, and employment inducement effect for VHTR 600MWt${\times}$4 modules construction and operation ripple effect based on NOAK (Nth Of A Kind). Because inducement effect values have been published annually, we predict inducement effect's relation function and estimated values including production inducement effect value, added value inducement effect value, and employment inducement effect value using time series and estimated values are verified with published inducement effects' value. This paper presents a new method for the ripple effect and preliminary ripple effect consequence using a time series analysis and inter-industry table. This ripple effect analysis techniques can be applied to effect expectation analysis as well as other type reactor's ripple effect analysis including VHTR for process heat.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.165-184
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• 2020

In this study, the factors affecting opportunism in the relationship between suppliers and key accounts were analyzed from the viewpoint of transaction cost theory, market power theory, and relationship marketing theory. As a result of the hypothesis test, Hypothesis 1 stating that demand volatility will have a positive effect on opportunism and Hypothesis 2 that transaction-specific investment will have a positive effect on opportunism were also supported. In addition, Hypothesis 3 stating that channel power will have a positive effect on opportunism was also supported. Lastly, Hypothesis 4 stating that relational commitment will have a negative effect on opportunism was not supported, along with Hypothesis 5 stating that transaction satisfaction will have a negative effect on opportunism. The theoretical and practical implications of this study are as follows. This study has identified the antecedents of opportunism by comprehensively applying the transaction cost theory, market power theory, and relationship marketing theory. In addition, this study can identify what a company should manage specifically to lower opportunism by identifying the antecedents of opportunism. The limitations of this study and the directions for future studies are as follows. First, not all of the antecedents of opportunism of key accounts have been extensively investigated from the viewpoint of the transaction cost theory, market power theory, and relationship marketing theory. In the future, it is necessary to identify additional factors. Second, the study was conducted only in the supplier's viewpoint. In future studies, it is expected that more accurate research results can be obtained by simultaneously examining not only the supplier's point of view but also the buyer's point of view.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.105-114
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• 2020

This study explored the factors affecting the willingness to pay of OTT service users. The main results are as follows. First, the perceived usefulness of OTT service users has a positive effect on use satisfaction. Second, perceived playfulness of OTT service users has a positive effect on use satisfaction. Third, the perceived cost of OTT service users has a positive effect on use satisfaction. Fourth, the perceived usefulness of OTT service users has a positive effect on willingness to pay. Fifth, use satisfaction with OTT service has a positive effect on willingness to pay. In summary, the perceived usefulness, perceived playfulness, and perceived cost of OTT service users increase the satisfaction of use, and the perceived usefulness and satisfaction are the key factors for predicting the willingness to pay. This will be meaningful in that it has revealed a path to predict and explain the intention of paid users of OTT service users.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.53-62
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• 2018

Purpose - In the development of new products, suppliers involvement and developing products jointly can be said to be strategic activities that utilize the lack of knowledge from external organizations. In this new product development, supplier involvement has been proven to have a positive impact on new product development performance for a long time by previous research. However, sufficient academic research has not been conducted on the influence of supplier involvement in various product strategies or sales strategies that buyers make in order to secure a competitive advantage in the market. This study argues that product strategy and sales strategy used by buyers in the development of new products will control the effect of supplier involvement on new product development performance in order to compensate the lack of these academic aspects. Research design, data, and methodology - Specifically, we selected the modularization strategy of the product as the product strategy, which is considered as an important strategy in the new product development through the preceding research, and the mass customer satisfaction strategy was chosen as the sales strategy. In order to achieve these research objectives, regression analysis was conducted using data from manufacturing productivity panel collected jointly by the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Industry and the Korea Productivity Center. Results - As a result, supplier involvement and new product development performances (development cost efficiency, customer satisfaction) were positively related. The product modularity strategy proved to have an interactive effect on the relationship between supplier involvement and new product development performances (development cost efficiency, customer satisfaction). However, it has not been confirmed that there is a statistically significant interaction effect between supplier involvement and new product development performances. Conclusions - Supplier involvement has positive relationships with NPD performance. In addition, product modularity strategies have interaction effects with supplier involvement and affect new product development performance (development cost efficiency and customer satisfaction). The results of this study are of academic significance in the case of lack of empirical studies on the effect of supplier participation on the effect of buyer 's strategy when a supplier participates and develops new products jointly.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.165-187
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• 2015

In this paper, we tested if the sewage subsidy from Korean Water Management Fund discourage sewage fee increase by Korean local governments, and consequently hinder water quality improvement. To examine this counter-incentive effect of Water manage Fund sewage subsidy, we estimated the effect of sewage subsidy on the ratio of sewage fee revenue to environmental treatment facilities' operation cost of local governments in 2009-12, using two-stage least square estimation. We found that the sewage subsidy has negative effect on the sewage fee revenue to sewage operation cost ratio. But, the statistical significance of this effect was sensitive to model specification. And the size was too small to conclude that the counter-incentive effect was economically significant.