• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.5063-5073
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• 2016

In this paper, an efficient texture compression method is proposed for fast rendering, which exploits the spatial correlation among blocks through intra-picture block matching. Texture mapping is widely used to enhance the visual quality of results in real-time rendering applications. For fast texture mapping, it is necessary to identify an effective trade-off between compression efficiency and computational complexity. The conventional compression methods utilized for image processing (e.g., JPEG) provide high compression efficiency while resulting in high complexity. Thus, low complexity methods, such as ETC1, are often used in real-time rendering applications. Although these methods can achieve low complexity, the compression efficiency is still lower than that of JPEG. To solve this problem, we propose a texture compression method by reducing the spatial redundancy between blocks in order to achieve the better compression performance than ETC1 while maintaining complexity that is lower than that of JPEG. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better compression efficiency than ETC1, and the decoding time is significantly reduced compared to JPEG while similar to ETC1.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2003

This paper discusses the spectral efficiency and performance of asynchronous direct sequency spread spectrum multiple access systems strict bandwidth limitation by Nyquist filtering. The signal to noise plus interference ratio(SNIR) at the output from the correlation receiver is derived analytically taking the cross correlation characteristics of spreading sequences into account, and also an approximated SNIR of a simple form is presented for the systems employing Gold sequences. Based on the analyzed result of SNIR, bit error rate performance and spectral efficiency are also estimated. and at last, we analyzed improvement rate using RS, convolution as a method for improving functions.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.317-326
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• 2017

This study examined the influence of meta-cognition, self-efficiency and clinical competence in nursing students. A convenience sample of 153 subjects were recruited from fourth year nursing students, and the survey was conducted from September 1st to 30th 2015. The data were collected by questionnaires and analyzed SPSS/Win 18.0 program, using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, t-test, one-way ANOVA and hierarchical regression. Significant positive correlation among the meta-cognition, self-efficiency and clinical competence were found. The regression model explained 27% of the clinical competence. The meta-cognition and self-efficiency for the nursing students were factors influencing clinical competence. Therefor, it is necessary develop an educational program to improve the meta-cognition and self-efficiency of nursing students.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of self-resilience and self-efficiency on the satisfaction with major in dental hygiene students. Methods : The data were analyzed by the frequency analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan post-hoc analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis using SPSS 18.0. The subjects were 411 dental hygiene students in A University in Gyeongsangbuk-do and K-University in Gyeongsangnam-do from November 4 to 15, 2013. Results : The satisfaction with major in dental hygiene students showed the positive correlation with self-resilience and self-efficiency. Multiple regression analysis revealed the optimistic attitude towards the self-resilience and self-efficiency. The explanation power was 13%. Conclusions : The self-resilience and self-efficiency had a positive effect on the satisfaction with major. It is necessary to develop the program that can help increase the self-resilience and self-efficiency, and apply such program to the curricula.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.651-658
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• 2013

For the marginal model and generalized estimating equations (GEE) method there is important full covariates conditional mean (FCCM) assumption which is pointed out by Pepe and Anderson (1994). With longitudinal data with time-varying stochastic covariates, this assumption may not necessarily hold. If this assumption is violated, the biased estimates of regression coefficients may result. But if a diagonal working correlation matrix is used, irrespective of whether the assumption is violated, the resulting estimates are (nearly) unbiased (Pan et al., 2000).The quadratic inference functions (QIF) method proposed by Qu et al. (2000) is the method based on generalized method of moment (GMM) using GEE. The QIF yields a substantial improvement in efficiency for the estimator of ${\beta}$ when the working correlation is misspecified, and equal efficiency to the GEE when the working correlation is correct (Qu et al., 2000).In this paper, we interest in whether the QIF can improve the results of the GEE method in the case of FCCM is violated. We show that the QIF with exchangeable and AR(1) working correlation matrix cannot be consistent and asymptotically normal in this case. Also it may not be efficient than GEE with independence working correlation. Our simulation studies verify the result.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.3
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• pp.63-69
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• 1998

In this paper, a new input method is proposed to improve shift-invariant property of a photorefractive correlator andwe implemented real-time optical pattern recognition system using it. In the conventional photorefractive correlator, it is vrey difficult to satisfy the Bragg condition in the pattern recognition process. So, correlation peak is decreased heavily for the shift of input image. If a liquid crystal television(LCTV) without an anlyzer is used as input device, we can get the correlation result regardless of shift of input image because beam path is not changed during storage of holographic filter and correlation process. Also recording time of a holographic matched filter in photorefractive crystal is reduced and the correlation peak is increased because incident beam on the LCTV is transmitted completely. Therefore total optical efficiency is improved. We compared and analyzed the correlation results of proposed photorefractive correlator by computer simulation and optical experiment. We used a BaTiO$_{3}$ single crystal which has high diffraction efficiency in optical experiment.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.116-124
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the influencing factors of social support, self efficiency and depression among the hearing-impaired and physically disabled on their job stress. Methods: The data were collected from Jan.1 to Aug. 30, 2010 from 151 disabled workers. The instruments for this study were the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS), Social Support Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale and Beck Depression Inventory-Korean Version (K-BDI). The data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: The physically disabled show higher social support (t=0.284, p= .001) and self efficacy (t=0.165, p= .024) but lower in depression (t=0.789, p<.001) than the hearing-impaired. There are negative correlation between job stress and social support, job stress and self efficacy but a positive correlation between job stress and depression. These three factors explained 42.9% of the variance in job stress. Conclusion: Social support and self efficacy have positive impacts on job stress but depression has negative impact.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2014

The aim of this study was evaluated the effects of total rainfall, rainfall intensity and antecedent dry days and identify the correlation analysis with the EMC removal efficiency, in order to provide an understanding of the operation and maintenance factors of constructed wetland in flood pumping station. This study was conducted total of 20 monitoring in a catchment(326.2 ha) of constructed wetland in Ga-un flood pumping station located at the downstream of the Wang-suk stream. The determined EMC removal efficiencies were $36.04{\pm}9.45%$ for BOD, $38.50{\pm}13.50%$ for $COD_{Mn}$, $34.34{\pm}13.05%$ for TN and $34.22{\pm}14.27%$ for TP, respectively. These results showed that the pollutants concentration and EMC were reduced while passing through the constructed wetland. In the correlation analysis, the highly correlations with EMC removal efficiency of BOD and $COD_{Mn}$ were observed for total rainfall and rainfall intensity (P<0.05). However, the correlations were not found with TN and TP for rainfall variables.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.111-118
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• 2013

This study aims to investigate advantages of complex installation of green roof and PV system in a public building, to analyze the impact of green roof on the efficiency of PV power generation, and to consider the correlation between green roof and PV power generation. When the temperature and power generation of the modules installed in the green roof and non-green roof of the public building were measured for 3 days, the average temperature of the green roof was 23.6 degrees, and it was 36.1 degrees in the non-green roof which increased by nearly 53%. Overall, the module temperature in the green roof was lower. On the other hand, in relation to the PV generation depending on temperature reduction during the same period, the mono-crystalline module and the poly-crystalline module in the green roof showed an increase in generation at nearly 222.2W and 341.6W, and the efficiency rose by 5.5% and 6.2%, respectively, compared to the modules in the non-green roof. Therefore, it is analyzed that green roof has a positive influence on PV power generation. Finally shows the efficiency of the installed on the Green Roof PV system (complex Installation) higher than on the concrete roof PV system. Thus, the complex PV systems as well as the usual benefits of green roofs will provide greater synergies.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.60-65
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• 1971

In order to observe the factors affecting light utilization efficiency in the canopy of a rice crop grown in reclaimed saline areas in Korea, 22 varieties of rice were cultured at the average salt concentration of 6.05mmhos/cm $25^{\circ}C$, (0.39%) in saline soils and non-saline silty loam soils. The inhibition of tillering ability by salt damage at the maximum tillering stage was greater than to growth in height. A significant direct correlation was observed between both ratios and salt concentration with each variety. In the salty areas the length of the flag leaf of the maturing stage showed a positive correlation with the production of rough rice while other living leaf showed a negative correlation. LAI of maturing stage was less in the salty area than in the non-salty area, while the former showed higher ratio in net assimilation and translocation to head with greater RGR before and after the heading stage.