• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.47-56
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• 2022

Purpose: As the need to transition into the distribution of cleaner energy has garnered corporate and scholarly interests, this study aims to track the research trends in sustainable energy supply chains for five years before 2021. Research methodology: This study was conducted by a bibliometric literature review and analysis to map the field's evolution between 2016 and 2020. Out of an initial title search result of 2,484 papers from the Scopus engine, filtering led to 180 documents obtained. The data was exported in excel format (CSV) to VOSviewer software to generate and analyze network visualization of sustainable energy supply chain trends. Results: The results revealed China's the highest publishing country, with 36 research papers. The Journal of Cleaner Production was the top publishing source, with 22 papers per year. These findings showed five clusters formed in the bibliographic coupling of countries. Circular Economy and Green Supply Chain Management represent the current hot topics. Research gaps identified in the field included limited cross-industry testing and modifying sustainable supply chain models. Conclusion: This paper contributes to the sustainability literature on supply chains by providing an overview of trends and research directions for scholars' and practitioners' consideration in future research.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.35-44
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• 2022

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to find out the impact of ownership structure on firm performance in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry of Bangladesh. Research design, data and methodology: The study has been conducted on 28 listed pharmaceutical and chemical companies from 2012 to 2020. Return on Assets (ROA) and Tobin's Q are selected as indicators of internal and market performance of the firms respectively whereas institutional ownership, directors' ownership and foreign ownership are selected as proxies of ownership structure. Panel analysis using random effects, lag method and time dummy method is used to analyse the relationship. Results: The study has found the existence of highly concentrated directors' ownership, a low percentage of institutional ownership and a very insignificant proportion of foreign ownership in the industry. The regression results show that directors' ownership has a positive and significant impact on firm performance, supporting the concept of agency theory. The study has also found a positive and significant impact of foreign ownership on firm performance. Unfortunately, the impact of institutional ownership is found to be insignificant. Conclusions: Directors' ownership and foreign ownership decreases agency cost that ultimately increases firm performance. However, the role of institutional investors is not significant enough to improve firm performance. It is suggested that institutional investors should be more active and involved in monitoring the activities of the organisations to improve performance.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.11-19
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• 2023

Purpose: This research examines the relationship between green marketing strategy and CSR policy and identifies how companies can leverage this relationship to attract green customers. The conceptual model for this study shows the relevance of companies adopting both green marketing strategies and CSR policies to show how committed they are regarding environmental sustainability and fulfill their responsibilities towards various stakeholders. Research design, data and methodology: This research has conducted the literature content approach and the key measures used for this study were based on mostly peer-reviewed journal articles. Those studies already indicated the high degree of reliability and validity. Consequently, the current researcher removed conference papers into the analysis. Results: This research provides brief suggestions for companies to incorporate the findings of this study into their green marketing strategies and CSR policies. Companies that align their green marketing strategies with their CSR policies, and CSR policies with their customers' values, are more likely to attract environmentally conscious customers and increase their loyalty. Conclusions: This research concludes that there exists a positive relationship between green marketing strategy and CSR policy and the outcomes of this research add to the body of knowledge on how these two concepts can be integrated to achieve business and societal benefits.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.39-46
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• 2022

Purpose: Visual communication is the act of using elements and components that can be seen. Some of the elements include images, illustrations, drawings, and videos. The purpose of this research is to check if there is the meaningful role of visual communication for emotional marketing plan. Research design, data and methodology: The present author firstly tried to obtain prior knowledge based on numerous previous literature through qualitative content method, investigating and searching related topic in 'Scopus' and 'Google Scholar' which is one of the most famous database. This methodology has already been proved the credibility and conformability by prior researchers. Results: The current study looks at four basic aspects that will assist in analyzing the findings and results from different peer-review articles. The section will cover social media, videos, podcasts, and ads. Conclusions: Several studies also affirmed that increased use of the internet and internet for marketing causes psychological issues among adolescents. Only adults should view some of the marketing ads, but if they pop into an adolescent browser, it may cause some harmful effects. Therefore, the study concluded that moderation of online visual adverts should be done to ensure only the targeted customers view the advert.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.231-245
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• 2022

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of book-tax conformity on conforming tax avoidance and non-conforming tax avoidance. Design/methodology/approach - This study uses financial data from 1996 to 2019 of 34 countries. We regress conforming or non-conforming tax avoidance on book-tax conformity. We use the book-tax conformity measure developed by Atwood et al. (2010), the non-conforming tax avoidance measure developed by Desai and Dharmapala (2006), and the conforming tax avoidance measure developed by Badertscher et al. (2019). Findings - First, book-tax conformity has a significant positive relationship with non-conforming tax avoidance. Second, book-tax conformity is not statistically related to conforming tax avoidance. Research implications or Originality - While prior research focuses on the effect of book-tax conformity on earnings quality, we examine on the effect on tax avoidance. Furthermore, this study is expected to provide important policy implications regarding the types of tax avoidance strategies that tax authorities should pay attention to. Our results imply that tax authorities in countries with high book-tax conformity should pay more attention to non-conforming tax avoidance than to conforming tax avoidance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.204-213
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• 2022

Most of the prior studies on the servitization of manufacturing companies have been actively studied, focusing on the performance and cases of servitization at the single company level. According to the results, most of the servitization at the single company level has been expanded based on the relevance of the company's core products. However, the form of companies that form a large axis of the Korean economy is a large-scale business group, and these business groups incorporate service affiliates for various purposes, so they show different characteristics from that of a single corporate. In addition, since the purpose of forming a business group is different for each business group, the service relevance between affiliates within the business group is different. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of service relevance between affiliates within a business group on the management performance of each business group. To this end, an empirical analysis will be conducted using panel data for 10 years from 2011 to 2020 for a total of 98 affiliates listed on KOSPI and KOSDAQ of 9 domestic business groups. Based on these results, the direction for improving management performance and establishing future servitization strategies for large business groups in Korea will be expected to be made.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.357-371
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• 2022

With the expansion of the vegan fashion industry and increasing consumer interest in vegan goods, the first inaugural Vegan Fashion Week was held in LA in 2019. However, there are no studies examining the sustainability of vegan fashion brands; this study underlines the necessity to close this research gap. This study aimed to ascertain how these issues are handled by vegan fashion brands. Using the "sustainable criterion of fashion brands," we investigated the companies that participated in Vegan Fashion Week. This study analyzed the featured brands, conducted case studies, and examined each brand's sustainability strategies and procedures. Press releases, news articles, official websites, and web magazines served as raw data for this study. Analyses of individual networks were performed and brands' approaches to veganism and sustainability were evaluated; eco-friendly material, fair trade, local production, and vegan inspiration were among these techniques. Every brand had put at least one of these requirements into practice for their business, with vegan inspiration being the most popular approach. Additionally, it was discovered that vegan fashion brands deliberately employed vegan messaging that aligns with their corporate values. After its initial launch, VFW continues to advance the discourse on vegan fashion both within the industry and with the general public. The study's implications include the analysis of vegan fashion brands' ethical manufacturing, environmental practices, and overall sustainability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.99-108
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• 2022

This study aims to examine the influence of capital structure on the business efficiency of joint stock commercial banks listed on the Vietnamese stock market. The article uses data collected from the financial statements of 15 prominent joint-stock commercial banks out of 27 joint-stock commercial banks listed in Vietnam from 2011 to 2021. The research uses E-view software in quantitative analysis to build regression models to determine the relationship and the impact of capital structure factors on the business efficiency of listed joint stock commercial banks. Research results show that ROA is affected by 2 variables of capital structure. It is the sum of customer deposits to total assets and total liabilities to total equity. Total debt to total equity and total customer deposits to total assets both have a negative effect on ROA. For the regression results of ROA with all control variables, the control variables have a positive relationship with the dependent variable. The article has provided recommendations based on the research findings to determine the proper capital structure. Managers must solve the outstanding amount of mobilized capital in previous years, combined with the bad debt handling activities that have arisen.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.83-91
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• 2023

Purpose: Increasing their motivation and job satisfaction, employees in the distribution channel may be better able to interact with consumers and provide a more satisfying experience. Thus, increasing employee engagement in the supply chain necessitates a complex strategy considering the distinctive features of wholesale and retail markets. This study investigates how to boost employees' motivation in the supply chain based on the difference between wholesale and retail market. Research design, data, and methodology: The prior study analysis is a useful tool to take a look at relevant previous works via a significant screening and selecting strategy. The Key words based on the topic of the research have used, such as 'Employee Motivation', 'Supply Chain', 'Wholesale' and 'Retail' worker. Results: The findings of this research strongly indicates that motivating employees is essential for the efficient operation of supply chain activities as they continue to expand and become more complicated. The supply chain's two main segments are the wholesale and retail markets, each with distinct characteristics. Conclusions: This research focused exclusively on the factors that motivate supply chain workers, ignoring job satisfaction, corporate culture, and managerial style, which may affect employee motivation. These factors also have the potential to impact employee motivation and should be considered in subsequent research.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.53-58
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• 2022

Purpose: Controlling and minority shareholders sometimes have conflicting interests. Controlling shareholders who do not have adequate monitoring can exhibit a strong tendency to maximize their personal wealth. In this case, cash holdings can be the easiest means for them to pursue their personal interests. This study examined whether the largest shareholder's ownership proportion affected the speed at which firms adjust their cash holdings to target levels in Korean distribution and service companies. Research design, data, and methodology: The study uses regression analysis to examine 834 firm-year samples listed on the KOSPI between 2013 and 2018 in the distribution and service sectors. Results: The largest shareholder's ownership is positively related to a firm's cash holdings adjustment speed. That is, the larger the largest shareholder's ownership, the faster the firm adjusts its cash holdings to achieve the target level. Conclusions: This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence that the cash holdings adjustment speed in Korean service and distribution companies is affected by the largest shareholder's ownership. As the agency problem between controlling and minority shareholders in Korea is a major issue, minority owners' sensitivity to agency costs may help restrict controlling owners' ability to maximize their personal wealth.