• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제39권8호
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• pp.598-603
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• 2006

배경 : 경막외 마취를 이용하여 의식 있는 환자에서 관상동맥우회술을 시행하는 경우 기계 환기 및 전신 마취에 의한 합병증을 피할 수 있는 장점들이 기대된다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 4월부터 2005년 9월까지 12명의 환자를 대상으로 상흉부 경막외 마취를 이용하여 의식이 있는 상태에서 심폐바이패스를 사용하지 않는 관상동맥우회술을 시행하였다. 1명은 여자였고 11명은 남자였으며 평균 연령은 $66{\pm}6$세였다. 정중 흉골 절개술을 시행한 후 동맥도관만을 이용하여 관상동맥우회술을 시행하였다. 결과: 평균 원위부 문합수는 ${1.8{\pm}0.9\;(1{\sim}3)}$이었으며, 수술사망 예는 없었다. 수술을 시행하는 동안 모두 8 명의 환자에서 기흉이 발생하였으며, 수술 중 기흉 (n =3), 복부내장의 팽창 (n=1), 흉관 삽입 후 발생한 혈흉 (n=1) 등의 원인으로 12 명 중 5 명의 환자에서는 기관 삽관 후 전신마취로 전환이 필요하였다. 모든 환자에서 수술 후 $1.2{\pm}0.6$일째에 관상동맥조명술을 시행하였으며, 모든 우회도관은 개통되어 있었다. 결론: 본원의 초기 경험을 통해 전신 마취를 하지 않고 의식이 있는 상태에서 심폐바이패스를 사용하지 않는 관상동맥우회술을 시행하는 것이 가능함을 확인할 수 있었다 . 이러한 수술 방법의 적응증 및 제한점에 대해서는 향후 경험을 통한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.188-192
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• 1995

A 50 year old man with acute aortic dissection DeBakey type I, involving right coronary artery and aortic valve, underwent replacement of the ascending aorta and aorto-right coronary bypass grafting. The operative findings showed a large transverse intimal tear was at about 4cm above the aortic valve. The dissection extended out into the proximal right coronary artery. And we found that the right coronary artery originated from the left sinus of Valsalva, run transversally in the aortic wall, with partial rupture. Postoperatively he had no ischemic cardiac symptoms and neurologic complications. He was discharged on postoperative 9th day with good result.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2019

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is being offered increasingly frequently to octogenarians. However, old age is known to be an independent risk factor in CABG. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) between octogenarians and septuagenarians. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 1,289 consecutive patients aged ${\geq}70years$ who underwent OPCAB at a single institution between 2001 and 2016. We compared the outcomes of 115 octogenarians and 1,174 septuagenarians. Using propensity score matching, based on preoperative clinical characteristics, 114 octogenarians were matched with 338 septuagenarians. Results: Propensity score analysis revealed that the incidence of acute kidney injury (14.9% vs. 7.9%, p=0.028) and respiratory complications (8.8% vs. 4.2%, p=0.040) was significantly higher in octogenarians. The early mortality rate (2.6% vs. 1.0%, p=0.240) and 1-year survival rate (89.5% vs. 94.4%, p=0.097) were not statistically significant between the groups. However, the 5-year survival rate (67.3% vs. 79.9%, p<0.001) was significantly lower in octogenarians. Previous myocardial infarction and a left ventricular ejection fraction ${\leq}35%$ were associated with a poor 1-year survival rate. Conclusion: Early and 1-year outcomes of OPCAB in octogenarians were tolerable when compared with those in septuagenarians. OPCAB could be a suitable option for octogenarians.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2018

Background: Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB) has the advantage of allowing arterial grafting on the left anterior descending artery without a sternotomy incision. We present our single-center clinical experience of 66 consecutive patients. Methods: All patients underwent MIDCAB through a left anterior small thoracotomy between August 2007 and July 2015. Preoperative, intraoperative, postoperative and follow-up data - including major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), graft patency, and the need for re-intervention - were collected. Results: The mean age of the patients was $69.4{\pm}11.1years$ and 73% were male. There was no conversion to an on-pump procedure or a sternotomy incision. The 30-day mortality rate was 1.5%. There were no cases of stroke, although 2 patients had to be re-explored for bleeding, and 81.8% were extubated in the operating room or on the day of surgery. The median stay in the intensive care u nit and in the hospital were 1.5 and 9.6 days, respectively. The median follow-up period was 11 months, with a 5-year overall survival rate of $85.3%{\pm}0.09%$ and a 5-year MACCE-free survival rate of $72.8%{\pm}0.1%$. Of the 66 patients, 32 patients with 36 grafts underwent a postoperative graft patency study with computed tomography angiography or coronary angiography, and 88.9% of the grafts were patent at $9.7{\pm}10.8months$ postoperatively. Conclusion: MIDCAB is a safe procedure with low postoperative morbidity and mortality and favorable mid-term MACCE-free survival.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.106-110
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• 2014

Background: There are several modalities of coronary artery revascularization for multivessel coronary artery disease. Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) with minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting was introduced for high-risk patients, and recently, many centers have been using it. Limited incisional full sternotomy coronary artery bypass (LIFCAB) involves left internal thoracic artery (LITA)-to-left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) anastomosis through a sternotomy with a minimal skin incision; it could be considered another technique for minimally invasive LITA-to-LAD anastomosis. Our center has performed HCR using LIFCAB, and in this paper, we report our short-term results, obtained in the past 3 years. Methods: The medical records of 38 patients from May 2010 to June 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. The observation period after HCR was 1 to 37 months (average, $18.3{\pm}10.3$ months). The patency of revascularization was confirmed with postoperative coronary angio-computerized tomography or coronary angiography. Results: There were 3 superficial wound complications, but no mortalities. All the LITA-to-LAD anastomoses were patent in the immediate postoperative and follow-up studies, but stenosis was detected in 3 cases of percutaneous coronary intervention. Conclusion: HCR using LIFCAB is safe and yields satisfactory results from the viewpoint of revascularization for multivessel disease.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(역학)
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• pp.234-249
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• 1994

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2013

This is the third in a series on coronary artery bypass which reviews three alternative arterial conduits. The radial artery has become the most widely used of the three and accumulating experience demonstrates better patency at 10 years versus saphenous vein. Drawbacks are a long incision on the forearm, the propensity for spasm and persistent sensory disturbance in about 10%. The first is answered by endoscopic harvest which may yield a shorter conduit but reduces sensory nerve injury. Spasm is managed pharmacologically and by less harvest trauma. The gastroepiploic artery is used in situ and free and although the abdominal cavity is entered complications are minimal and patency compares favorably with the radial artery. Use of the inferior epigastric artery remains minimal and its similar length often requires composite use but limited patency data are supportive. Other arteries have had rare use and this is unlikely to change because the three presented here have significant advantages and acceptance.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2014

Background: Redo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is still associated with increased morbidity and mortality as compared to the first-time operation. Further, the application of the off-pump technique to redo CABG is limited due to technical difficulties. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze early and midterm results after redo CABG and compare the outcome of redo on-pump and off-pump CABG. Methods: From June 1996 to October 2011, elective redo CABG was performed in 32 patients. Mean age was 64.8 years (on pump 64.3 years vs. off pump 65.5 years; p=0.658), and 21 patients were male. Among these patients, 14 (43.8%) underwent on-pump CABG, and 18 (56.2%) underwent off-pump CABG. Results: Internal thoracic artery was used in 22 patients (68.8%), and total arterial revascularization was achieved in 17 patients (53.1%). The average number of distal anastomoses was 2.13, and the rate of incomplete revascularization was 43.8%. The rate of total arterial revascularization was higher in the off-pump group (14.3% vs. 83.3%, p<0.001), and the use of saphenous vein graft was more in the on-pump group (78.6% vs. 16.7%, p<0.001). Overall hospital mortality was 3.1% (n=1) and was comparable in both groups (on pump 7.1% vs. off pump 0%; p=0.249). Postoperative complications occurred in 9 patients (64.2%), and the rate of complications was high in the on-pump group without statistical significance (64.2% vs. 33.3%, p=0.082). The mean follow-up duration was 5.4 years, and overall survival at 10 years was $86.0%{\pm}10.5%$. There was no significant difference in the 10-year survival rate between the two groups (79.6% vs. 100%, p=0.225). Conclusion: Redo CABG can be safely performed with acceptable mortality. Redo off-pump coronary artery bypass is feasible with low mortality and morbidity, comparable target vessel bypass grafting, and long-term survival. The off-pump technique might be considered a safe option for redo CABG in high-risk patients.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제39권8호
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• pp.611-618
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• 2006

배경 : 관상동맥협착증에 동반되는 중등도의 만성 허혈성 승모판막 폐쇄부전의 경우 승모판막에 대한 수술적 치료가 필요한지에 대하여 많은 논란이 있다. 저자는 이러한 환자들을 대상으로 임상 결과를 알보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1992년 1월부터 2005년 2월까지 관상동맥 우회로 조성술을 시행 받은 환자 중 중등도의 허혈성 승모판막 폐쇄부전이 있던 44명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 승모판막 수술을 시행 받은 환자는 20명이었고 (group 1) 승모판막 수술을 시행 받지 않은 환자는 24명이었다(group 2). Group 1에서 체외심폐순환 시간이 유의하게 걸었으나 (p<0.01) 나이, 성별, 수술 전 심박출 계수, 문합한 혈관의 수 등 다른 인자는 두 group 간에 차이가 없었다. 수술 후 심초음파 시행 시기는 평균 $21.2{\pm}28.0$개월이었고 평균 추적관찰기간은 $30.1{\pm}29.6$개월이었다. 결과: 두 group 간에 수술 사망률은 유의한 차이가 없었다(group 1 vs group 2, 15.0% vs 8.3%, p=0.493). Group 1에서 group 2보다 승모판막 폐쇄부전도 ${(0.81{\pm}0.91\;vs\;1.50{\pm}0.05,\;p=0.046)}$, 폐쇄부전 정도의 경감 ${(1.75{\pm}0.93\;vs\;0.70{\pm}1.26,\;p=0.009)}$에서 차이를 보였다. 수술 후 섬박출 계수 ${(34.1{\pm}11.4%\;vs\;41.6{\pm}12.9%)}$, 좌심실 수축기 용적 ${(118.2{\pm}63.9\;ml%\;vs\;85.6{\pm}281\;ml)}$, NYHA functional class ${(2.1{\pm}0.2\;vs\;2.4{\pm}1.2)}$는 차이가 없었고, 5년에서의 생존율도 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다${(85{\pm}8%\;vs\;82{\pm}8%)}$. 수술 사망에 대한 유의한 위험 인자는 없었으며 만기 사망에 대한 위험인자는 수술 전 심방 세동이 있던 경우(p=0.042)였고 승모판막 수술의 유무는 만기 사망과 유의한 관계를 보이지 않았다. 결론: 중등도의 승모판막 폐쇄부전이 있는 경우 승모판막을 수술하는 것이 수술 후 폐쇄부전의 정도가 의미 있게 감소하였으나 생존율 및 심장 기능에 있어서는 별 차이가 없었다. 이러한 환자에서 승모판막 수술의 필요성 및 심실 기능의 향상을 위한 좀 더 전향적인 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.636-639
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• 2008

우관상동맥 이상기시는 급사, 심근경색, 부정맥이나 실신을 일으킬 수 있으며, 관상동맥경화를 진행시키는 요인으로 여겨진다. 우관상동맥 이상기시에서의 심근 허혈의 기전은 확실하지 않으며, 여러 가지 수술적 치료방법이 보고되고 있다. 다절편 전산화흉부단층촬영은 비정상적인 관상동맥의 경로와 심근 허혈의 기전을 밝혀 적절한 수술적 치료를 결정하는데 도움이 된다. 저자들은 우관상동맥 이상기시와 함께 급성 심근 경색이 있었던 환자에 있어서 관상동맥우회술로 치료한 증례를 보고하는 바이다.