• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.2031-2038
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• 2008

무선 USB 시스템의 호스트-디바이스 간에 4-way handshake 상호 인증을 위한 PRF(Pseudo Random Function)-256, PRF-64 및 데이터 암/복호 기능을 수행하는 저면적 고속 인증/보안 프로세서 (WUSB_Sec) IP를 설계하였다. PRF-256과 PRF-64는 CCM(Counter mode with CBC-MAC) 연산을 기반으로 구현되며, CCM은 AES(Advanced Encryption Standard) 암호 코어 2개를 사용하여 CBC 모드와 CTR 모드가 병렬로 처리되도록 설계되었다. WUSB_Sec 프로세서의 핵심 블록인 AES 암호 코어는 합성체 GF$(((2^2)^2)^2)$ 연산 기반의 S-Box로 설계되었으며, SubByte 블록과 키 스케줄러가 S-Box를 공유하도록 설계하여 약 10%의 면적을 감소시켰다. 설계된 WUSB_Sec IP는 약 25,000 게이트로 구현되었으며, 120MHz에 서 동작하여 480Mbps의 성능을 갖는다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2021

Predictive maintenance has been one of important applications of data science technology that creates a predictive model by collecting numerous data related to management targeted equipment. It does not predict equipment failure with just one or two signs, but quantifies and models numerous symptoms and historical data of actual failure. Statistical methods were used a lot in the past as this predictive maintenance method, but recently, many machine learning-based methods have been proposed. Such proposed machine learning-based methods are preferable in that they show more accurate prediction performance. However, with the exception of some learning models such as decision tree-based models, it is very difficult to explicitly know the structure of learning models (Black-Box Model) and to explain to what extent certain attributes (features or variables) of the learning model affected the prediction results. To overcome this problem, a recently proposed study is an explainable artificial intelligence (AI). It is a methodology that makes it easy for users to understand and trust the results of machine learning-based learning models. In this paper, we propose an explainable AI method to further enhance the explanatory power of the existing learning model by targeting the previously proposedpredictive model [5] that learned data from a core facility (Hyper Compressor) of a domestic chemical plant that produces polyethylene. The ensemble prediction model, which is a black box model, wasconverted to a white box model using the Explainable AI. The proposed methodology explains the direction of control for the major features in the failure prediction results through the Explainable AI. Through this methodology, it is possible to flexibly replace the timing of maintenance of the machine and supply and demand of parts, and to improve the efficiency of the facility operation through proper pre-control.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1778-1784
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 차선 검출 알고리즘에 병렬처리를 적용하여 성능을 개선하였다. 차선 검출은 지능형 보조 시스템으로써 자동차가 차선을 이탈하면 경보음 또는 핸들을 보정해줌으로써 운전자를 돕는 보조 시스템이다. 병렬 처리 알고리즘 중 데이터 레벨 병렬처리는 설계가 간단하지만 병목현상이 발생하는 문제가 있다. 제안하는 고속 데이터 레벨 병렬처리 알고리즘은 병목현상을 줄여 성능이 향상되었다. 실제 블랙박스 도로 영상을 도입하여 알고리즘을 측정한 결과 싱글 코어 경우 약 30 Frames/sec의 성능을 얻었다. 병렬처리를 적용한 결과로써 옥타코어 기준으로 데이터 레벨인 경우 약 100 Frames/sec의 성능을, 고속 데이터 레벨인 경우는 약 150 Frames/sec의 성능을 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2015

Transmission of a tracked vehicle designed for multiple functions such as steering, gear-shifting, and braking is a core component of heavy vehicle to which the power is transferred based on combined technology of various gears, bearing, and fluid machineries. Robustness and durability of transmission, however, have been issued due to a large number of driving units and sub-components inside its body. Particularly, transmission housing is important structure which supports the transmission, and is made of aluminum alloy. Thus, structural robustness against such mechanical loading or vibration must be attained. Structural reliability evaluation through FEM analysis can save time and cost of the actual tests. In this study, structural evaluation is conducted on output housing of transmission, which is core component of tracked vehicle, using the simulation program. In addition, transmission dynamo test is performed to evaluate structural robustness of the output housing against the vibration which can be produced during the transmission operation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2005

During the last decade, the exploration of nanoscale device and circuitry based on molecules has gained increasing interest. In parallel with this, considerable effort is being devoted to the development of molecular photonic/electronic materials based on various porphyrin arrays. This involves light as an input/output signal and excitation energy migration as a mechanism for signal transmission. Absorption of a photon at the light collector end of the porphyrin array yields the excited state, which migrates among the intervening pigments until reaching the emitter, whereupon another photon is emitted. As a consequence, it is relevant to understand the excitation energy transfer (EET) processes occurring in various forms of porphyrin arrays for the applications as artificial light harvesting arrays and molecular photonic/electronic wires. Since the excitonic (dipole) and electronic (conjugation) couplings between the adjacent porphyrin moieties in porphyrin arrays govern the EET processes, we have characterized the EET rates of various forms of multiporphyrin arrays (linear, cyclic, and box) based on various time-resolved spectroscopic measurements. We believe that our observations provide a platform for further development of molecular photonic/electronic materials based on porphyrin arrays.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-35
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• 1997

Fertilized egg, by successive cell divisions, differentiates into different tissues and organs with various structures and functions. Different cells and tissues contain different proteins, products of selective gene expression. Not all the genes in any genomes are equally active, temporal and spatial gene expression being the general rule. Present paper attempts to review the tanscriptional mechanisms or the initiations of transcription from several angles. In some of the organisms the genes in the process of transcription or the genes in the inactive state can be seen under the light microscope. Some bands of Drosophila polytene chromosomes may exhibit a swollen or puff appearance under certain conditions. A puff, unfolded or decondensed form of chromomere, represents sets of intense transcriptional activity or RNA synthesis. The heterochromatic X chromosome whose genes remain inactive in the female mammals can be visualized as a dark staining structure called Barr body, Configuration of chromatin differs between transcribed and nontranscribed chromatin. Modification to the chromatin facilitates RNA synthesis. The movement of large polymerase molecule along the DNA would probably be facilitated if some modifications of the chromatin configuration is effected. Methylation of cytosines in CG sequences is associated with inactive genes. Methylation can play a role in determination of mammalian cells during embryogenesis. Demethylation is necessary for the gene to be expressed during development A histone modification that is also known to be correlated with transcriptional capacity of chromatin is acetylation of the lysine residues of the core histones. Chromatin containing a high level of histone acetylation is very sensitive to DNase 1. For the transcription to occur TBP must first bind to the TATA box. Another TF, TF IIB, then binds to the promoter-TBP complex, facilitating the access of RNA polymerase to the transcription initiation site. As recently as eight years ago researchers assumed that histones were irrelevant to the regulation of gene expression. Histones combine with the DNA to form nucleosome of the chromatin. Histones are vital participant in gene regulation. Histone and basal factors compete for access to TATA box. When DNA is exposed to basal factors before histones are introduced, the basal factors assemble on TATA boxes preventing the access of histones, allowing transcription to occur, for transcription to begin, activator protein at the upstream activation sequence or enhancer must interact with the tail of histone H4 at TATA box and cause the histone role particle to dissociate from the TATA box leading to partial breakup of the histone core particle and allowing the basal factors to bind to the TATA box. New concept of genomic flux in contrast to the old concept of static genome has been developed based on the powerful new molecular techniques. Genomic changes such as repetitive DNAs and transposable elements, it is assumed but not yet proved, may affect some of the developmental patterns that characterize particular cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. In the last decade or so remarkable achievement have been made in the researches of the structures and functions of TFs and the specific target sequences located in promoters or enhancers where these TFs bind. TFs have independent domains that bind DNA and that activate transcription. DNA binding domain of TFs serves to bring the protein into the right location. There are many types of DNA binding domains. Common types of motifs can be found that are responsible for binding to DNA. The motifs are usually quite short and comprise only a small part of the protein structure. Steroid receptors have domains for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activating transcription. The zinc finger motif comprises a DNA binding domain. Leucine zipper consist of a stretch of amino acids with a leucine residue in every seventh position Two proteins form a dimer because they interact by means of leucine zippers on similar α-helical domain. This positions their DNA binding basic domains for interaction with the two halves of a DNA sequence with dyad symmetry of TGACTCA, ACTGAGT.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.65-84
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• 2011

In this paper a simple mathematical model for approximate static analysis of combined system of framed tube, shear core and two outrigger-belt truss structures subjected to lateral loads is presented. In the proposed methodology, framed tube is modeled as a cantilevered beam with a box section and interaction between shear core and outrigger-belt truss system with framed tube is modeled using torsional springs placed at location of outrigger-belt truss; these torsional springs act in a direction opposite to rotation generated by lateral loads. The effect of shear lag on axial deformation in flange is quadratic and in web it is a cubic function of geometry. Here the total energy of the combined system is minimized with respect to lateral deflection and rotation in plane section. Solution of the resulting equilibrium equations yields the unknown coefficients of shear lag along with the stress and displacement distributions. The results of a numerical example, 50 storey building subjected to three different types of lateral loading obtained from SAP2000 are compared to those of the proposed method and the differences are found to be reasonable. The proposed method can be used during the preliminary design stages of a tall building and can provide a better understanding of the effects of various parameters on the overall structural behavior.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.301-316
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• 1995

아래를 향한 가열 수평 평판이 있는 수조에서의 자연대류 현상을 규명하기 위한 실험적, 해석적인 연구를 수행하였다. 이는 압력용기 하부에 용융물이 있을때 캐비티내에서의 열수력현상을 규명하기 위한 간단화된 모델에 관한 연구이다. 압력 용기는 하부에 가열평판이 부착된 직육면체 단열 상자로 모의하고 이 상자는 물이 차 있는 수조에 설치된다. 냉각기는 정상상태의 유동 조건을 만들기 위해 상자와 수조사이의 U자 형태의 유동 영역에 설치된다. 실제 압력용기 하부에서는 다상 유동이 발생할 확율이 크나본 연구는 복잡한 다상 유동의 열수력 현상을 규명하기 위한 첫 단계 시도로서 단상유체를 사용한 실험 및 해석 연구이다. 본 연구에서는 가열 평판 아래에서의 자연대류현상특성을 더욱 잘 이해하기 위해 LDV와 열전대를 사용하여 속도와 온도를 측정하였다. 또한 입자가 부상된 유동장을 사진 찍어 유동을 가시화 하였다. 실험결과는 다음과 같다. 유체는 가열판과 냉각기가 작동할 때 매우 효과적으로 전 유동장에 걸쳐 순환한다. 가열판 하부에서 유동이 정체된 영역이 있고 매우 얇은 열 경계층을 갖는 두드러진 온도의 성층현상이 관찰되었다. FLUTAN Code를 이용한 해석은 속도를 합리 적으로 예측할 수 있다는 결과를 보여 주었다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1144-1153
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• 2002

A hybrid performance prediction method is proposed in the present study. A channel diffuser is divided into four subregions: vaneless space, semi-vaneless space, channel, and channel exit region. One-dimensional compressible core flow and boundary layer calculation of each region with an incidence loss model and empirical correlation of residuary pressure recovery coefficient of a channel predict the performance of diffusers. Three channel diffusers are designed and tested for validating the developed prediction method. The pressure distributions from an impeller exit to the channel diffuser exit are measured and discussed for various operating conditions from choke to nearly surge conditions. The strong non-uniform pressure distribution which is caused by impeller-diffuser interaction is obtained over the vaneless and semi-vaneless spaces. The predicted performance shows good agreement with the measured performance of diffusers at a design condition as well as at off-design conditions.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

Recently, more users have been using IoT embedded systems. Since the wireless network function is a basic and core function in most embedded systems, new security threats and weaknesses are expected to occur. In order to resolve these threats, it is necessary to investigate the security issues in the development stages according to the Security Development Lifecycle (SDL). This study analyzes the vulnerabilities of the embedded systems equipped with the wireless network function, and derives possible security threats and how dangerous such threats are. We present security risks including bypassing the authentication stage required for accessing to the embedded system.