• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2019

The genomic structure of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene from the entomopathogenic fungus, Cordyceps pruinosa was characterized. The SOD1 gene of C. pruinosa spans 947 nucleotides and consisted of four exons encoding for 154 amino acids and three introns. Four exons of the SOD1 gene are composed of 13, 331, 97 and 20 nucleotides respectively. Homology search of amino acid sequences of the SOD1 gene of C. pruinosa with another 13 fungi species showed higher sequence similarity of 69% ~ 95% and had the most highest sequence identity of 95% with Beauveria bassiana and Cordyceps militaris, which can easely infect domesticated Bombyx mori and another wild lepidopteran species in artificial or natual manner of infection. This SOD1 gene sequence showed copper, zinc and beta-barrel fold sites. Homology search showed that the Cu/Zn SOD1 gene from the entomopathogenic fungus, C. pruinosa is an orthologous gene homolog present in different species of organism whose ancestor predates the split between the relating species. In addition, C. pruinosa SOD1 gene is placed together within the ascomycetes group of fungal clade. From these results it is concluded that C. pruinosa SOD1 gene is orthologous gene having the same or very similar functions with a common evolutionary ancestor.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.209.3-209.3
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• 2003

Cordyceps species has been used as antiinflammatory, antitoxic, diuretic in folk remedies. Recent research has been reported the effect of anticancer, antidiabetic, antimutagenic, antilipid peroxidation. We examined the antidiabetic activity of cultivated Cordyceps pruinosa on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The blood glucose level was recovered by treatment with Cordyceps pruinosa ethanol extract. The contents of GPT, total cholesterol and xanthine oxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase activities of the cytosol were significantly decreased as compared to the diabetic group. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.385.1-385.1
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• 2002

Cordyceps has been used as a tonic for replenishing vital function in Chinese traditional medicines. As an attempt to obtain fundamental data for the kidney function, MeOH Ex. and its hexane. ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions of cultivated Cordyceps pruinosa on mercuric chloride induced renal failure rats were investigated. Urin volume. blood parameters(urea nitrogen. uric acid. creatinine) and urinary electrolytes content (natrium. potassium. chloride) were determined. MeOH extract and butanol fraction showed diuretic effect. (omitted)

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.30 no.1 s.108
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• pp.8-16
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• 2005

The extrusion-cooking condition on Cordyceps pruinosa was designed using twin-screw extruder. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate extrusion-cooking using a central composition design with varying die temperature $(114-146^{\circ}C)$, feed moisture $(22-38\%)$, feed rate (4-14 ka/h) and screw speed (120-280 rpm). System parameters (die pressure and specific mechanical energy (SME)) and extrudate parameters (density and water solubility index (WSI)) were statically analyzed using RSH. Die pressure was significantly affected by temperature, moisture contents and feed rate. SM was affected by screw speed and feed rate. When die temperature is $130^{\circ}C$ and moisture content $25\%$, the optimum pressure is shown. SME is about 20 Wh/kg, when feed rate is $10\~12kg/min$ and screw speed $200\~250rpm$. WSI was affected by temperature and moisture contents. Density was not affected by any factor. WSI increases by $7\%$ from about $23\%$ to about $30\%$, as temperature is raised from $120^{\circ}C\;to\;140^{\circ}C$. The WSI of Cordyceps pruinosa pulverized after extruding (PE) is about $26.97\%$ higher than that of raw material and $10\%$ higher than that of pulverized after drying (PD). The content of unsaturated fatty acid were not significantly different in PD and PE. Anti-oxidative activity of PE was 1.67-2.2 times higher than that of PD in Cordyceps pruinosa using 1- dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl method (DPPH).

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.116-120
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• 2003

This study was carried out to obtain basic data on physiological characteristics for an artificial cultivation of fruiting body of C. pruinosa. C. pruinosa showed the most favorable growth on the MCM medium. The optimal condition for the mycelial growth was obtained at 25$^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0, respectively. Carbon sources such as arabinose, mannose, xylose were favorable for stimulating a mycelial growth and fruiting bodies of C. pruinosa. Ammonium nitrate, ammonium citrate and ammonium tartrate of nitrogen sources also appeared to be good in the mycelial growth and fruiting body formation.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2009

The caterpillar-shaped Chinese medicinal mushroom (DongChongXiaCao) looks like a worm in the winter and like a grass in the summer. The fruiting body has been regarded as popular folk or effective medicines used to treat human diseases such as asthma, bronchial and lung inflammation, and kidney disease. The fruiting bodies of Cordyceps militaris, C. pruinosa and Paecilomyces tenuipes that formed on the living silkworm (Bombyx mori) host were used in this examination. This study was carried out to investigate the soluble sugar, amino acid and fatty acid profiles in the fruiting-bodies. Soluble sugars such as glycerol, glucose, mannitol and sucrose were mainly found in the fruiting bodies of C. militaris, C. pruinosa and P. tenuipes. Total soluble sugar content was 29.23 mg/g in C. militaris, 8.61 mg/g in C. pruinosa and 24.00 mg/g 1in P. tenuipes on dry weight basis. Total free amino acid content was 14.09 mg/g 1in C. militaris, 34.60 mg/g in C. pruinosa and 17.09 mg/g in P. tenuipes. The content of oleic acid in fatty acids was above high more than 30% regardless of species.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.133-139
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• 2005

Fruiting bodies of Cordyceps have been regarded as popular folk and effective medicines to treat human diseases such as asthma, bronchial and lung inflammation, and kidney disease. Cordyceps pruinosa (Clavicipitaceae; Hypocreales; Ascomycotina) has received special attention for medicinal purpose due to its various physiological activites. The nucleoside derivative N6-(2-hydroxyethyl) adenosine (HEA) isolated from it showed a $Ca^{2+}$ antagonistic effect and negative inotropic response. The artificial production of fruiting body of C. pruinosa has not been tried successfully yet by using living silkworm substrate. To develop techniques for the production of C. pruinosa stromata on a large scale, the infection of Bombyx mori with C. pruinosa and the growth characteristics of stroma of C. pruinosa were investigated. Also, studied about biological activities of fruiting body formed on silkworm. Infection rate of the silkworm pupae with C. pruinosa was the highest in injection inoculation. The formation of the fruiting body of C. pruinosa was quite good in the room controlled at $21{\sim}25^{\circ}C$, over 91% of relative humidity and over 1500 lx. Glucose concentration was high in the fruiting bodies of the silkworm pupae infected with C. pruinosa on a dry weight basis. The most abundant amino acid in the fruiting bodies was arginine and phenylalanine. The fruiting bodies of silkworm pupae infected with C. pruinosa was rich in oleic acid. The high amount of citric acid was found in the fruiting bodies of silkworm pupae infected with C. pruinosa.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.25 no.4 s.83
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• pp.239-252
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• 1997

Thirty three entomopathogenic species belonging to twelve genus were collected throughout 16 collecting sites from 1990 to 1996. Among those collected species, 14 unrecorded species such as Cordyceps bifusispora, C. martialis, C. oxycephala, C. paludosa, C. pentatomi, C. rosea, C. ryogamiensis, Shimizuomyces paradoxa, Akanthomyces aculeatus, Polycephalomyces ramosus, Tilachlidiopsis nigra were added to Korean entomopathogenic species through this study. In nature, occurrence of Cordyceps nutans, C. sphecocephala and Paecilomyces tenuipes were from early June to late September. On the other hand, C. militaris, C. kyushuensis and C. pruinosa were mainly found from mid July to mid August when relative humidity are increased. Nine species of the genus Cordyceps including C. bifusispora and four deuteromycetous species were isolated. As a result of cultural test using six Cordyceps species, anamorph of C. militaris, C. kyushuensis were proved as Verticillium sp. C. pruinosa as Acremonium sp., C. sphecocephala as Hymenostilbe sp. and C. scarabaeicola as Beauveria sp., respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.26 no.1 s.84
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• pp.1-7
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• 1998

In order to find relationship within and between entomopathogenic species, analysis of protein band pattern in mycelia of 25 isolates was conducted by UPGMA. The results allowed differentiation of three groups on 85% similarity coefficient. Similarity coefficient within C. militaris was $0.787{\sim}1.000$, C. kyushuensis was 0.958-1.000 and C. pruinosa was 0.993-1.000. C210 and C298 isolates which had somewhat immersed perithecia, comparable to other C. militaris isolates, had 91% similarity. C108, C225-1 and C228 isolates pathogenic on Lepidopterous larvae had 89% similarity. Closely related species to C. militaris were C. kyushuensis and C. pruinosa. And similarity between C. pruinosa and C. kyushuensis was 88%. Similarity between C. bifusispora formed conidia on media and Paecilomyces tenuipes was 89%. C. scarabaeicola pathogenic specifically on adult Scarabaeidae had 82% similarity with above two species. C118 identified as C. militaris showed different protein banding patterns.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.231-235
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• 2013

To obtain basic data for the better use of Cordyceps pruinosa we reassessed the effect of different medium, culture method, pH, and carbon and nitrogen sources on the mycelial growth properties of four C. pruinosa isolates. The growth of mycelia differed among the four isolates depending on medium type and cultivation days. Among the tested 8 kinds of solid media, the four isolates grew well on PDA and MMMA(mushroom minimal medium agar). While, among the tested 8 kinds of liquid media, all the isolates grew well in SDYM(Sabourand's dextrose yeast extract medium). The isolates also grew well in the SDYM with pH from 4.0 to 9.5 without any inhibition. One isolate could best grow at pH 8 to 9.5. Regarding the ability of utilizing carbon source, the difference of mycelia growth among the isolates was the most with xylose. Regarding nitrogen source, three isolates could utilize urea which is new fact in this species. These results provide new points on the growth properties of the fungal mycelium which has not been explored before. Overall, this reassessed study concluded that it is necessary to check in advance the growth properties of mycelium when a new isolate of C. pruinosa is expected to be used for application.