• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.1041-1052
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze group differences of Commitment to career choice and Career stress coping strategy by the Career decision and Career preparation behavior for College Students. Through the results of this study we wanted to look for discriminatory implications for the counseling intervention. The data of 720 college students were collected for the study. The distinction of four types was revealed by the results from Crosstabs and One-way ANOVA. The frequency of upper grades indicated ideal type. But the immature type was fourth grade. There were significant differences in accordance with the two-dimensional typology of Commitment to career choice and Career stress coping strategy by One-way ANOVA. Discussion focused on effective intervention strategies in career counseling based on group differences by the Career decision and Career Preparation Behavior.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.463-473
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• 2020

이 연구는 119구급대원의 라이프 케어를 위하여 스트레스 대처와 직무스트레스 간의 관계에서 극복력의 매개효과를 확인하여 119구급대원의 직무스트레스를 감소시키는 방안을 모색하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 시도되었다. 이 연구의 자료수집기간은 2019년 10월 5일부터 10월 31일까지 약 4주간이었고, 연구대상자는 G 광역시 119안전센터에서 근무하는 119구급대원 205명이었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 21.0 ver. for Window 통계 프로그램을 사용하여 t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis, Sobel test를 실시하였다. 연구결과 유형별 스트레스 대처와 직무스트레스와의 관계에서 극복력의 매개효과 분석에서는 사회적지지, 긍정적 사고 대처유형과 직무스트레스와의 관계에서 극복력의 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 그러나 문제해결 대처유형과 직무스트레스와의 관계에서 극복력은 완전매개하였고, 회피 대처유형과 직무스트레스와의 관계에서는 부분매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 119구급대원의 라이프 케어를 위하여 직무스트레스를 감소시키기 위해서는 문제해결 대처유형은 극복력을 향상시킬 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 통해 직무스트레스를 감소시켜야 하며, 회피 대처유형은 직무스트레스를 감소시킬 수 있는 교육 프로그램과 극복력을 향상시킬 수 있는 교육 프로그램을 병행하여 실시하는 것이 가장 효과적이라는 결론을 얻었다.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.68-81
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the type of ego states and stress coping style on female college students who are in the course of nursing study. This study is performed in the view of Transactional Analysis and designed to scrutinize descriptive correlations between the type of ego states and stress coping style. The subject is consists of 144 freshmen and sophomore, 138 junior and senior students group, who are students of K nursing college located in Seoul. The sampling investigation period is on Sept. 14, 2002 to Oct. 26, 2002. The measuring instrument used for Transactional Analysis ego state is 50 items Ego-gram research paper devised by Dusay(1997). For studying coping style, Folkman & Lazarus's measurement(1984) was adopted, which is translated and modified by Han, and Oh,(1990). Health states is adopted by standardized health inspecting instrumental table (Cornell Medical Index:CMI) which is designed for Korean people by Ko and Park(1980) Statistic average and standard deviation were generated by using SPSS PC+, t=test and Pearson correlation. The results were as follows: 1) In the type of ego states on both groups indicated the arithmetic apex NP(maximum value), then the point A was high and the data made a down slope to point AC. In the comparison to type of ego states between two groups, only at point CP, the data value of upper year students represented higher than that of lower year ones by c(t=2.28, p=.023). 2) Stress coping style of whole students were highly and affirmatively dedicated to research. Especially hopeful aspect(t=.67, p=.05), relaxation of tension(t=-2.16, p=.03) made significant difference each other in the view of arithmetic calculation. 3) In view of nursing students' physical health states, there is significant difference in past history(t=2.50, p=.013) and in case of mental health states, there are considerable discrepancies between lower group(73.52) and upper group(75.11)(p<.05). In view of all field, state of tension(t=2.13, p=.048) has difference. 4) While verifying coping style in terms of ego states level between lower and upper students group, In type CP, high level ego states group indicated significant difference on stress coping style area than low leveled group and made such sequences as the central point of problem, In type NP, sequences such as the central point of problem, In type A, the central point of problem, In type FC, hopeful aspect and In type AC, hopeful aspect and indifference were derived significantly different (p<.05). 5) While verifying health state differences in the level of lower and upper ego states, In type FC, low level group(150.29) marked higher point than upper group(145.19), there is remarkable discrepancy and so did whole health state(p=.014), In type AC both mental state(p=.000) and whole health state (p=.015) showed differences. 6) When analyzing correlations between whole students' ego states, copying style and health state, all type of ego state showed differences(p<.001). In correlations between ego state and health state, in type FC physical state had an apex and there are inverse correlations among the other types. Especially, type FC showed inverse correlations with great discrepancies(p<.05). In mental state, type NP(${\gamma}=.198$, p<.001) and type A(${\gamma}=.166$, p<.05) represented straight correlations with remarkable differences. Especially, In type AC showed inverse correlations(${\gamma}=.282$, p<.001). In case of correlations between copying style and health state, indifference(${\gamma}=-.157$) and relaxation of tension(${\gamma}=-.158$) presented great difference(p<.05). In mental state, central point of problem and search for social support showed straight correlations with great discrepancies(p<.05), hopeful aspect and indifference showed inverse correlations with considerable differences(p<.001).

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

This study focused on family stresses and coping strategies among commuting couples. The participants of this study consisted of a national samples of 134 couples(268 individuals), who had been commuting for at least six months. The major findings obtained from the study are summarized in the following: First, the degree of family stresses among commuting couples was 2.98, when the maximal stress value was set to 5.0. No difference in the level of stress was detected from the roles of the wife and those of the husband. The most stressful aspect for the commuting couples came from the role of parents who care for their children. The second stressful aspect was their responsibility for their own parents, and finally the stress from the housework and maintenance of their marital lives followed next. There was no difference between the wives and husbands on the stressors. Secondly, the level of the coping strategies developed by the commuting couples themselves against their stresses was 3.37, when the maximal stress coping value was set to 5.0. Again, there was no difference in this level between wives and husbands. Among the strategies, they used ‘cognitive restructuring’the most frequently; sharing their responsibilities with other members in family life came next; and developing their own techniques to manage their stresses followed. Thirdly, the ages of the couple, the age of the first child, type of jobs, duration of the marriage and commute, and frequency of meeting affected the level of family stress among commuting couples. Finally, commuting couples developed quite different strategies to cope with their family stresses, and religion and family type affected significantly the type of coping strategies.

• 대한간호
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.73-88
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• 1990

This study was done in order to identify symptoms of grief and patterns of coping in mothers of chronically ill children. Nurses, as health professionals, must understand helpful coping methods for mothers who have chronically ill children. Based on this knowledge, nurses can develop appropriate nursing intervention strategies, and so help the mothers to develop effective ways of coping and give support to mothers with chronically ill children in process of coping with this grief. The research questions guiding this research were: 1. what type of grief does the mother have at the time of child's diagnosis and at present\ulcorner 2. what are the problems confronting the mother 3. what are the coping patterns of the mother\ulcorner 4. is there a difference according to child's diagnosis in the mother's grief and coping pattern\ulcorner The subject for this study were obtained by taking a convenience sample of 120 mothers with a chronically ill child. Interviews took place in four medical school hospitals and one medical center in Seoul from March 19th to May 16th 1990. The tools used in this study were Mcfarlan's(1983), Grief contents, Folkman & Lazarus(1983), Ways of Coping and Hymovich's (1983) the Chronicity Impact and Coping Instrument. The findings were as follows; 1. Grief items had a maximum score of three points. The highest item scrores at the time of diagnosis, were in order, heart broken, talkative, and could not do anything, at the present, 'talkative', 'heart broken' and 'busy myself with other things'. 2. The problems confronting the mothers were 'worry about ill child's future', 'her responsibilities in taking care of the ill child.' 3. Most of the mothers used similar ways of coping, that is 'problem focused coping', 'detachment', 'wishful thinking', 'seeking social support" and 'focusing on the positive and hardly any of them used 'tension reduction'. 4. There was a sinificant difference in coping methods according to the childs diagnosis, leukemia, cancer hemophillia and nephrotic syndrome. The most frequently used coping method was detachment, especially for the mother of the child with. 5. At the time of diagnosis there was a positive correlation between the level of grief and the coping method of detachment and seeking social support.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.368-374
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of abutment shade, ceramic thickness, and coping type on the final shade of zirconia all-ceramic restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three different types of disk-shaped zirconia coping specimens (Lava, Cercon, Zirkonzahn: ${\phi}10mm{\times}0.4mm$) were fabricated and veneered with IPS e.max Press Ceram (shade A2), for total thicknesses of 1 and 1.5 mm. A total of sixty zirconia restoration specimens were divided into six groups based on their coping types and thicknesses. The abutment specimens (${\phi}10mm{\times}7mm$) were prepared with gold alloy, base metal (nickel-chromium) alloy, and four different shades (A1, A2, A3, A4) of composite resins. The average $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ values of the zirconia specimens on the six abutment specimens were measured with a dental colorimeter, and the statistical significance in the effects of three variables was analyzed by using repeated measures analysis of variance (${\alpha}$=.05).The average shade difference (${\Delta}E$) values of the zirconia specimens between the A2 composite resin abutment and other abutments were also evaluated. RESULTS. The effects of zirconia specimen thickness (P<.001), abutment shade (P<.001), and type of zirconia copings (P<.003) on the final shade of the zirconia restorations were significant. The average ${\Delta}E$ value of Lava specimens (1 mm) between the A2 composite resin and gold alloy abutments was higher (close to the acceptability threshold of 5.5 ${\Delta}E$) than th ose between the A2 composite resin and other abutments. CONCLUSION. This in-vitro study demonstrated that abutment shade, ceramic thickness, and coping type affected the resulting shade of zirconia restorations.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.240-248
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• 2000

Nurses working with families who has a hospitalized child are aware of the complexity of the tasks and stresses they deal with new setting of environment. The challenge is to assess the family coping activity that require the most immediate intervention for the effective nursing care for child and family. This study describe the family coping inventory for the clinical guidance to identify a family coping with stressors. The purpose of this study was to look at the factors related to the family's coping activity when the child was hospitalized. The data were collected with a questionnaire between July and August, 1999, in a sample of 106 families who have hospitalized child. Family coping was assessed using Family Crisis Oriented Personal Evaluation Scale(F-COPES). Data was analyzed using correlation coefficient and analysis of variance. Positive correlation was found between social support, reframe with mobilizing the family to acquire and accept help in sub-domain of family coping. Strongest correlation existed between the family's spiritual support and total family coping. The type of diagnosis, the level of family income, religion, and child's age were significantly different in family coping. The result show that the family coping is affected by the characteristics of child and family, as well as the factors of coping activity. Therefore, early assessment of family coping skill and activity is important to the prevention of problem with function toward wholeness as a unit and child's well being. It can be used with a broad range of child's hospitalization process. It also serve as a nursing record and planning tool for documenting issues that may become priorities for future interventions.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.360-370
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to identify factors (pain stress, perceived stress, pain disability, fatigue, depression) strategies used by elders to cope with pain based on their type of pain belief. Method: Data were collected from 314 elders in community settings in Seoul from September to December of 2007. Cluster analysis, t-test, and ANOVA were used to analyze data. Result: The types of pain belief were classified as the following groups: Self-blame, Enduring & Mysterious, and Short-term & Understandable. Perceived stress (t=2.36, p=.02), social support (t=2.24, p=.03), extent of pain relief (t=2.39, p=.02), and duration of pain relief (t=2.09, p=.04) were important factors for active and passive coping in the Self-blame group. Pain stress (t=2.39, p=.01) and depression (t=-3.99, p=.00) were significantly related to the active coping in the Enduring & Mysterious group. Perceived stress (t=2.55, p=.01) was an important factor in the passive coping in the Short-term & Understandable group. Conclusion: Considering different types of pain belief in elders and factors that are significantly related to different coping strategies, future nursing interventions should be population specific to encourage active coping strategies and to decrease passive coping strategies.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose was to examine the self-efficacy, coping, and compliance in patients with kidney transplantation. Methods: Participants consisted of 300 outpatients who underwent kidney transplantation and regularly visited hospital for health check-up. A tool developed by Ahn (2000) was used for measuring self-efficacy. A modified version of the Jalowiec Coping Scale (Jalowiec, 1987) by Hwang (2004) was used for measuring coping, and a tool developed by Ryu, Kim, and Kang (2003) was used for compliance. Data were analyzed using SPSS program version 21.0 ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Scheff$\acute{e}$'s test for post-hoc test. Results: Coping shows significant differences according to marital status and education. Coping was used more often among patients with ABO incompatible transplantation than those with ABO compatible. Differences in compliance were significant according to donor type, ABO incompatible, period after transplantation, and admission after the transplantation. The management of life style, stress, nutrition, and exercise in self-efficacy and compliance had lower scores than the others. Conclusion: There are significant correlations between self-efficacy, coping, and compliance in patients with kidney transplant which might be helpful for health care professionals in taking care of these population.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.823-834
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze types of nurse's attitudes toward the aging process. Methods: A Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty-four selected Q-statements from each of 38 subjects were classified into a shape of normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using a QUANL PC program. Results: Five types of attitudes towards the aging process from research subjects in Korean nurses were identified. Type I is a positive acceptance type, Type II is a negative acceptance type, Type III is a passive coping type, Type IV is an active coping type, and Type V is an ambiguous acceptance type. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that different approaches of educational programs for elderly care are recommended based on the five types of nurse's attitude toward the aging process.