• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.85-101
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• 2015

This study formulates a development strategy for Gwangyang port through the analysis of its competition with other major Northeast Asian ports. A revised BCG matrix is applied to estimate the change in competition between the major ports in Northeast Asia and the Lotka-Volterra model is used for the competitor analysis. The growing competitive power and influence of Chinese ports, continued competitive advantage of Busan port, diminishing competitiveness of Gwangyang and Incheon ports, and disappearing competitive position of Japanese ports in Northeast Asia are all confirmed. In addition, according to the relationship between Gwangyang port and other major Northeast Asian ports from 2007 to 2014, Gwangyang port has changed to a predatory from a win/win relation with Busan port and has maintained its predatory relationship with Hong Kong port in terms of transshipment cargoes. Moreover, Gwangyang port has formed predatory relationships with Shanghai and Ningbo ports, a pure competitive relation with Tianjin port, and a win/win relation with Qingdao and Dalian ports. Overall, predatory relationships between Gwangyang port and other Northeast Asia ports increased from 2007 to 2014. The counterstrategies for Gwangyang port to address this situation include establishing cooperative relations and continuing the win/win relationships with cooperative ports.

• Strategy21
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• s.30
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• pp.63-98
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• 2012

Northeast Asia has a multi-layered security structure within which major economic and military powers both confront one another and cooperate at the same time. Major regional powers maintain mutually cooperative activities in the economic sphere while competing one another in order to secure a dominant position in the politico-military arena. The multifarious threats, posed by the North Korea's nuclear development, territorial disputes, and maritime demarcation line issues demonstrate that Northeast Asia suffers more from military conflicts and strifes than any other region in the world. Specifically, major maritime security threats include North Korea's nuclear proliferation and missile launching problems as well as military provocations nearby the Northern Limit Line(NLL) as witnessed in the Cheonan naval ship and Yeonpyong incidents. The ROK Navy has been supplementing its firm military readiness posture in consideration of North Korea's threats on the NLL. It has performed superb roles in defending the nation and establishing the Navy advanced and best picked. It also has been conducive to defend the nation from external military threats and invasion, secure the sea lanes of communications, and establish regional stability and world peace. In order to effectively cope with the strategic environment and future warfares, the ROK Navy needs to shift its military structure to one that is more information and technology intensive. In addition, it should consolidate the ROK-US alliance and extend military cooperative measures with neighboring countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Evolved steadily for the last 60 years, the ROK-US alliance format has contributed to peace and security on the Korean peninsula and in the Northeast Asian region. In conclusion, this manuscript contends that the ROK Navy should strive for the establishment of the following: (1) Construction of Jeju Naval Base; (2) Strategic Navy Equipped with War Deterrence Capabilities; (3) Korean-type of System of Systems; (4) Structure, Budget and Human Resources of the Naval Forces Similar to the Advanced Countries; and (5) Strategic Maritime Alliance and Alignment System as well as Domestic Governance Network for the Naval Families.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.11
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• pp.87-104
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• 2015

Currently the IoT (Internet of Things) environments and related technologies are being developed rapidly through the networks for connecting many intelligent objects. The IoT is providing artificial intelligent services combined with context recognition based knowledge and communication methods between human and objects and objects to objects. With the help of IoT technology, many research works are being developed using the C-ITS (Cooperative Intelligent Transport System) which uses road infrastructure and traveling vehicles as traffic control infrastructures and resources for improving and increasing driver's convenience and safety through two way communication such as bus-only lane and license plate recognition and road accidents, works ahead reports, which are eventually for advancing traffic effectiveness. In this paper, a system for deciding whether the traveling vehicle is possible or not to drive on bus-only lane in highway is researched using the lane and number plate recognition on the road in C-ITS traffic infrastructure environments. The number plates of vehicles on the straight ahead and sides are identified after the location of bus-only lane is discovered through the lane recognition method. Research results and experimental outcomes are presented which are supposed to be used by traffic management infrastructure and controlling system in future.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.66
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• pp.191-218
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• 2015

This research is, first of all, a theoretical study concerning 'conflict.' Only then, we could obtain ways in which we manage and resolve various problems arising from conflicts in business between Korean and Chinese companies. In doing this, we also tried to grasp cultural characteristics, or factors, in Chinese ways of carrying out negotiations that lead to conflicts with us. On the basis of these preliminary considerations, we developed practical techniques of conflict management and types of negotiation strategy. We thereby could suggest broader strategic implications for better performance in international business. Concretely, this research investigates techniques of conflict management and types of negotiation strategy. For such techniques and types, we suggest, (1) Sharing technique or reconciliatory compromising negotiation and its compromise strategy, (2) collaborative technique or cooperative negotiation and its win-win strategy, (3) competitive technique or competitive negotiation and its profit-seeking attack strategy, (4) accommodative technique or receptive negotiation and its relation-maintaining yield strategy, (5) avoidant technique or evasive negotiation and its indifference-showing avoidance strategy. This research contributes to promote understanding on negotiation culture of chinese corporate. and we provide the guideline of the conflict management and the insight for the efficiency strategy of chinese business negotiation. But, empirical data and statistical examinations should be added to our present research for the future prospective ones.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2008

This study quantitatively investigated the actual situations and perceptions of gifted students and their teachers during small group inquiry activities in Korea. Some 1,670 gifted math students and 1,732 gifted science students as well as 614 of their teachers were selected through random sampling to participate in this study. Data were collected by means of a survey developed by the researchers of this study, based on reviews of literature related to inquiry and small group cooperative learning. The results were as follows: (1) In Korean gifted education, small group inquiry activities were frequently used as teaching and learning strategies, and both the students and teachers perceived its effects to be very positive in terms of cognition and affection. (2) Gifted education teachers emphasized the development of students' procedural inquiry skills as well as logical thinking skills, whereas they were indifferent to the essential elements of small group cooperative learning and therefore the lessons did not surpass the level of traditional group activities. (3) The fact that the actual small group inquiry activities did not reflect the characteristics of well-organized small group activities is due to a lack of knowledge on the teacher's part as to effective teaching strategies concerning cooperative learning. This study implies that gifted education teachers require the opportunity to reflect on and develop their knowledge and understanding of small group inquiry activities through professionally developed programs in order to maximize the effectiveness of small group inquiry activities in gifted education.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.154-160
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• 2018

This thesis aims to develop PBL (Problem-Based-Learning) problems. Its goal is for some groups of students to creative their own problems and to confirm the effectiveness of PBL as they apply it to AI (Artificial Intelligence) in engineering schools. Modern industrial society needs competent people who have abilities in cooperative learning, self-controlled learning, united knowledge application, and creative problem-solving. Universities need to offer their students the opportunity to improve their problem-solving and cooperative learning abilities in order to train the competent people that society demands. PBL activity is an appropriate learning method for the accomplishment of these goals. The study subjects are 37 sophomore students in H University who are studying 'AI'. Five PBL problems were submitted to the class over a period of 15 weeks. The students wrote and submitted a reflective journal after they finished each PBL activity. In addition, they filled out a class evaluation form to assess the performances of each member when the $5^{th}$ PBL problem activity was accomplished. The study shows that the students experienced the effectiveness of PBL in many fields, such as the comprehension of the studied contents (86.48%), comprehension of cooperative learning (94.59%), authentic experience (75.67%), problem-solving skills (89.18%), presentation skills (97.29%), creativity improvement (81.08%), knowledge acquisition ability (86.48%), communication ability (97.29%), united knowledge application (78.37%), self-directed study ability (86.48%) and confidence (97.29%). Through these methods, the students were able to realize that PBL learning activities play an important role in their learning. These methods prepare and enhance their ability to think creatively, work systematically and speak confidently as they learn to become competitive engineers equipped with the knowledge and skills that modern industrial society demands.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.107-118
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• 2016

Purpose - Over 90% of Domestic logistics industry is small enterprise and they are experiencing growth stagnation due to price-based competition structure rather than constructing logistics service of high added value. In order to get over this situation and pursue the development of logistics industry, strengthening its competitiveness, through inter-enterprise cooperative network build-up, would be a key alternative. Therefore, in this study, an index for measuring inter-enterprise cooperation level of Joint logistics business will be developed as a typical collaborative business model in logistics industry. Moreover, a strengthening competitiveness method suggests a developmental step and a key management index to mature in logistics industry. Research Design, Data, Methodology - This study is an index development research for measuring inter-enterprise cooperation level of logistics industry. Such a level was measured by performing a survey by targeting enterprises that participated in Joint logistics business. The targeting enterprises are typical cooperative models in logistics industry. Measurement items were developed which were based on the presented items in existing research. Question items were composed of selection type questions as answering Yes/No. They measures implementation status of corporate activity and detailed activity items measuring qualitative level. Total samples were based on 116 enterprise samples including 90 logistics enterprises and 26 shippers. In addition, by evaluating the importance for Joint logistics business recognition with personnel working level, the weight of measuring variable was extracted. This study has built an assessment tools (LPCI) on Joint logistics business cooperation level in a situation where there are no previous studies on joint logistics business, this study is meaningful for other studies. Results - As a result of analyzing LPCI presented in this study, the score of logistics enterprise was represented as 59.9 points based on full score of 100 points and that of shippers as 47.2 points and cooperation level among enterprises participated in Joint logistics business was revealed to be very low. In particular, as a result of measuring the importance between logistics enterprise and shippers, the difference by each measurement standard was represented among those enterprises. This difference is considered to be a key factor that cooperative operational conformity between logistics enterprises and shippers is represented to be low. Conclusions - As most joint logistics business, being promoted at present, is sharing facility and information with joint logistics business, it is hard to find such a joint logistics business in reality based on cooperative business model in main cooperation agents. Therefore, competitiveness of logistics industry could be strengthened by promoting joint logistics business based on their mutual cooperation among enterprises. In other words, it is to secure sustainable competitiveness of joint logistics business together with creation of new market by inter-enterprise cooperation based on integration of basic logistics business.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-16
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• 2013

The purpose of study is to promote the development of medium size enterprises(MSE) by analyzing the causal relationship between technology acquisition strategy and firms' performance. In this study, we use the number of intellectual property, sales growth rates, and return on sales as proxy variables of technological and financial performances. This study includes internal R&D investment, cooperative R&D with academy, foreign technologies transferred, and their interaction effects as the independent variables. The results of study are as follows. Frist, R&D Investment, Foreign Technologies Transferred and their interaction effects are positively influence on technological performance. Second, Cooperative R&D with academy and the interaction effects of R&D Investment and Cooperative R&D with academy are negative influence on technological performance. On the other hand, all of the main independent variables and the interaction effects have non-significant relationships with financial performances. These results imply that technological innovation efforts of MSEs do not effectively increase their financial performances. Furthermore, technological supports of government and academy on MSEs' innovation do not effectively increase their innovation outputs. Finally, this study discussed its theoretical and practical implications and the limitations of the study.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.22-31
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• 2008

Cognitive radio should imply a proper sensing technique for detecting the presence of licensed users to identify the unused spectrum holes. Besides this, this information should also be used to opportunistically provide communication among secondary users. At the same time the performance of the primary user should not be declined by the secondary users. The detection of licensed users may be significantly difficult for shadowing effect. To prevail over this problem cooperative spectrum sensing, In which the combined observation information gained by multiple secondary users is employed to achieve higher performance of detection, has been inspected. However, the primary challenge of cooperative sensing lays in its ability to detect the presence of licensed user quickly and accurately. In this paper, we have used UltraWideBand (UWB) to detect the presence of licensed users and transmit the sensing information among the nodes of the network. UWB has the capability of transmitting data at a very high rate. It is unique in co-existence capability with narrow band systems. Here, we have shown that the detection probability of licensed user is improved by means of transmitting the spectrum sensing information via UWB. We also have analyzed the throughput of the proposed technique and compared the result with existing sensing method.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.690-698
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• 2023

Information sharing and decision making between airport stakeholders became possible after the introduction of airport cooperative making system (A-CDM). This also resulted in optimizing aircraft handling time and increased the efficiency of aircraft operations. Technological advances have recently led to the development of urban air mobility (UAM) which is a small aircraft taking off and landing vertically. It is emerging as a new air transportation system in the future due to its advantage of saving time and solving congestion problem in the urban area. This study aims to suggest how vertiport cooperative decision making system (V-CDM) should be managed for efficient operation of UAM. By establishing procedure for decision making system based on Vertiport ecosystem of UAM. By establishing procedure for decision making system based on Vertiport ecosystem and UAM aircraft, unnecessary flight delays or cancellations can be minimized and efficiency of UAM operation will be improved as well.