• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표대회 논문집(III)
• /
• pp.922-927
• /
• 1998

Pipe cooling has been popularly used in the mass concreting work to reduce temperature of the structure since it is known to be the easiest way to apply and has been the customary usage. But wrong application of the system results in the harmful effect on the structure by crack formation due to thermal shocks and improper cooling schemes. Thus, this study aims at the suppling of effective cooling methods through parametric study. For this, circulating method, velocity of water supply and circulating duration were selected as critical factors affecting the effectiveness of cooling system. As a results of thermal analysis, it was found that too much thermal gradient in the vicinity of the pipe creates localized radial or circumferential cracks. The duration of circulating cooling may be recommended to be as short as several days which may safely reduce the concrete temperature to below a final stable value. It was also found that pipe cooling is more effective to decrease the degree external restraints than internal one.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.210-213
• /
• 2002

The Purpose of this study is to know temperature and thermal stress distribution in specimens during processing of WEDM. If it is constant to the cutting speed and the thickness of material, it is very important to the effect of temperature and the thermal stress distribution after cutting processing. This paper show the analysis result of the distribution of temperature and the residual stress along the direction of thickness before processing of WEDM and after when the cooling temperature is$20^{\circ}C$. The maximum temperature of edge of specimens is $1600^{\circ}C$. It has little temperature gradient in the depth which is 5mm away from edge of specimens. Equivalent residual stress is result in 180.7 MPa at maximum temperature.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
• /
• pp.377-381
• /
• 2001

Film cooling characteristics has been investigated numerically with the aid of FLUENT software for the sunk or the lifted upstream wall from the slot injection exit. In this study, with the fixed blowing ratio of 1 and the fixed coolant injection angle of $30^{\circ}$, the downstream flow field and the downstream temperature field were examined in terms of velocity vector, turbulent kinetic energy, temperature contours, and downstream wall temperature. Upstream wall was sunk or lifted from 1d to 5d(d=slot width). The result shows that the up-Id upstream wall has the best film cooling performance. This is due to the fact that the up-1d upstream wall configuration reduces velocity gradient just enough to minimize the turbulent mixing between the mainstream and the coolant just off the slot exit.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국초전도저온공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.269-273
• /
• 2003

In this paper the HTS current lead for superconducting device is studied numerical method. The current lead is cooled by surrounded He gas by natural convection. To find wall heat flux, the linearization method is adopted Numerical results using natural convection cooling are compared with conventional cooling methods such as conduction cooling and vapor cooling. The results shows that the minimum heat dissipation is much smaller than conduction cooling. Also, the minimum heat dissipation is obtained for the non-zero gradient of temperature at warm end. HTS current lead operating current sharing mode is reduce heat flow to superconducting system.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.176-181
• /
• 2011

온실의 한쪽 벽에 패드를 설치하고 반대쪽 벽에 팬을 설치하여 가동하는 팬 앤 패드 냉방 온실의 온도 경사 문제를 극복하기 위한 목적으로 일체형 팬 앤패드 시스템과 에어 덕트를 설치한 온실의 냉방 실험을 통하여 냉방성능을 분석하였다. 일체형 팬 앤 패드 증발냉각기의 효율은 1단 가동시 75.7%, 2단 가동시 88.6%로 나타나 대체로 우수한 냉각효율을 보이는 것으로 판단된다. 온실의 냉방성능 실험 결과 무차광 조건에서 온실 냉방 시스템을 가동할 경우 대조구 온실에 비해서 $5.7\sim7.6^{\circ}C$ 정도의 냉방효과가 있으며 차광 조건에서는 $7.4\sim9.7^{\circ}C$ 정도의 냉방효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 시스템을 적용할 경우 여름철 온실의 최고기온을 $37^{\circ}C$ 정도로써 외기온 대비 $5^{\circ}C$ 이내로 유지할 수 있으며, 적절한 차광을 실시할 경우에는 $33^{\circ}C$ 정도에 $2^{\circ}C$ 이내로 유지하는 것이 가능하여 고온기 작물재배에 큰 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. 한편, 본 냉방 실험에서 온실의 온도 분포를 분석한 결과 18m 길이의 온실 내 최대 온도 편차는 차광시 $1.6\sim1.7^{\circ}C$, 무차광시 $2.3\sim2.7^{\circ}C$ 정도로 나타났다. Kittas 등(2003)과 Nam 등(2005)의 자료와 비교한 결과 본 연구에서 구상한 일체형 팬 앤 패드 시스템과 에어 덕트를 이용한 온실 냉방시스템은 기존의 팬 앤 패드 냉방 온실의 최대 단점인 온도 편차를 40~50% 정도 개선할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 시스템은 자연환기 상태에서 가동할 수 있으므로 단동 온실에 적용하기가 쉬우며, 일체형 증발냉각기 출구로부터 온실 내 에어 덕트 시점까지의 연결 덕트 부분을 철저하게 단열하면 냉방성능을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제28권11호
• /
• pp.1390-1397
• /
• 2004

This study is concerned with the thermal analysis during the cool-down period of 135,000㎥ class GT-96 membrane type LNG carrier under IMO and USCG design condition. During the cool-down period, the spraying rate for the NG cooling decreases as the temperature of NG falls down from -4$0^{\circ}C$ to -l3$0^{\circ}C$, and the spraying rate for the cooling of the insulation wall increases as the temperature gradient of the insulation wall is large. It was confirmed that there existed the largest temperature decrease at the first barrier and the first insulation, which are among the insulation wall, especially in the top side of the insulation wall under IMO and USCG design condition. Also, as the NG temperature distribution is fixed, the outer temperature condition under the design condition has influence on the temperature variation at the insulation. By the 3-D numerical calculation about the cargo tank and the cofferdam during the cool-down period, the temperature variation in hulls and insulations is precisely predicted under IMO and USCG design condition. From the comparison between two conditions; IMO design condition shows more severe temperature gradient than USCG design condition, therefore, it provides the conservative estimation of the BOG.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.110-117
• /
• 2022

A chiller cooler absorbs the thermal energy of water to generate cold water and supplies the generated cold water to a cold water pipe buried in the wall of a small mobile modular house to greatly increase the cooling area. An attempt was made to reduce the required cooling time significantly. A small chiller cooler suitable for the cooling load of a small mobile modular house with an area less than 3.3 m² was employed. When cooling is done during summer using a chiller cooler installed outdoors, heat absorption energy loss occurs in the cold water pipe owing to the high temperature. To address this, a study was conducted to reduce the endothermic energy loss significantly. As the mass flow rate of the cold water flowing inside the cold water pipe increased, the temperature decrease gradient of the cold water increased. From the start of the cooling operation, the air temperature of the small mobile modular house decreased linearly in proportion to the operation time. Furthermore, the temperature of the air inside the small mobile modular house decreased in proportion to the increase in the flow of water inside the cold water pipe.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1201-1202
• /
• 2010

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.246-254
• /
• 2017

In this paper, cooling characteristics of seeker windows were examined using the Sinda-Fluint software. Various cooling methods were considered to satisfy the limit temperature of the cooled seeker window which would be exposed to excessive aerodynamic heating conditions by varying coolant type and mass flow rate of coolant. Due to the enhanced heat transfer between the coolant and the seeker window, internally cooled seeker window which uses liquid coolant showed lowered temperature distribution in the window compared to internally cooled seeker window which uses gas coolant. External film cooled seeker window also showed good cooling characteristics because it reduces the convective heat flux to the seeker window fundamentally. It was also confirmed that the temperature and the temperature gradient of seeker windows were significantly reduced for the cases which use external film cooling additionally to the gas and liquid cooled seeker window.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 2009

Water jet impingement cooling is used to remove heat from high-temperature surfaces such as hot steel plates in the steel manufacturing process (thermo-mechanical cooling process; TMCP). In those processes, uniform cooling is the most critical factor to ensure high strength steel and good quality. In this study, experiments are performed to measure the heat transfer coefficient together with the inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) analysis for a plate cooled by planar water jet. In the inverse heat transfer analysis, spatial and temporal variations of heat transfer coefficient, with no information regarding its functional form, are determined by employing the conjugate gradient method with an adjoint problem. To estimate the two dimensional distribution of heat transfer coefficient and heat flux for planar waterjet cooling, eight thermo-couple are installed inside the plate. The results show that heat transfer coefficient is approximately uniform in the span-wise direction in the early stage of cooling. In the later stage where the forced-convection effect is important, the heat transfer coefficient becomes larger in the edge region. The surface temperature vs. heat flux characteristics are also investigated for the entire boiling regimes. In addition, the heat transfer rate for the two different plate geometries are compared at the same Reynolds number.