• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.772-780
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• 2007

Purpose: Nursing communication has become more important than ever before because quality of nursing services largely depends on the quality of communication in a very competitive health care environment. This article was to introduce ways to improve nursing communication using conversation analysis. Methods: This was a review study on conversation analysis, critically examining previous studies in nursing communication and interpersonal relationships. Results: This study provided theoretical backgrounds and basic assumptions of conversation analysis which was influenced by ethnomethodology, phenomenology, and sociolinguistic. In addition, the characteristics and analysis methods of conversation analysis were illustrated in detail. Lastly, how conversation analysis could help improve communication was shown, by examining researches using conversation analysis not only for ordinary conversations but also for extraordinary or difficult conversations such as conversations between patients with dementia and their professional nurses. Conclusion: Conversation analysis can help in improving nursing communication by providing various structures and patterns as well as prototypes of conversation, and by suggesting specific problems and problem-solving strategies in communication.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2008년도 학술대회 1부
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• pp.178-183
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 대화형 에이전트와 사용자 간의 대회를 분석하여 대화의 흐름도를 도출해 내는 것에 있다. 특히 본 연구에서는 대화에 대한 전반적인 요소 추출과 더불어 대화형 에이전트와 사용자 간에 발생할 수 있는 대화 유형까지 도출해 내어 대화형 에이전트의 대화 능력 향상에 기여하고자했다. 이를 위해 1대 1 개인 인터뷰를 실시하여 실제 대화형 에이전트와 사용자 간의 대화 데이터를 수집하고 기본적으로 질적 연구 방법론을 바탕으로 대화 분석론과 대화유형학을 참고하여 연구를 실시한 결과 층 6개의 대화 흐름도를 도출하였다. 특히 원활하지 않은 대화는 기존의 사람과 사람과의 대화에서는 찾아보기 힘든 대화이며 그 개수도 52개로 가장 많이 나타났다. 대화 방해 요소가 나타났을 경우 상대에 대한 적대감을 보이거나 대화를 교정하는 행위로 대화가 진행되었다. 본 연구는 포괄적인 대화형 에이전트와 사용자 간의 대회를 분석하여 그 유형을 알아냈다는 점에서 대화형 에이전트 개발자와 사용자, 서비스 제공자 모두에서 긍정적인 영향을 미친다.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.180-196
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• 2020

This paper considers Japanese political interviews to integrate conversation and facial expression analysis. The behaviors of political leaders will be disclosed by analyzing questions and responses by using the turn-taking system in conversation analysis. Additionally, audiences who cannot understand verbal expressions alone will understand the psychology of political leaders by analyzing their facial expressions. Integral analyses promote understanding of the types of facial and verbal expressions of politicians and their effect on public opinion. Politicians have unique techniques to convince people. If people do not know these techniques and ways of various expressions, they will become confused, and politics may fall into populism as a result. To avoid this, a complete understanding of verbal and non-verbal behaviors is needed. This paper presents two analyses. The first analysis is a qualitative analysis that deals with Prime Minister Shinzō Abe and shows that differences between words and happy facial expressions occur. That result indicates that Abe expresses disgusted facial expressions when faced with the same question from an interviewer. The second is a quantitative multiple regression analysis where the dependent variables are six facial expressions: happy, sad, angry, surprised, scared, and disgusted. The independent variable is when politicians have a threat to face. Political interviews that directly inform audiences are used as a tool by politicians. Those interviews play an important role in modelling public opinion. The audience watches political interviews, and these mold support to the party. Watching political interviews contributes to the decision to support the political party when they vote in a coming election.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.287-296
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• 2021

This study examined the influences of demographic variables, parent-adolescent conversation time, and open communication on the positive psychological capital of adolescents. The data were collected from 243 middle school students living in Gwangju from December 23, 2019, to January 3, 2020. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results can be summarized as follows. First, with economic condition, academic achievement, parent-adolescent conversation time, and open communication, positive psychological capital showed significant difference statistically. Second, father-adolescent open communication best explained positive psychological capital, followed by academic achievement, and mother-adolescent open communication. The results highlight the important roles played by parent-adolescent open communication and academic achievement in improving adolescents'positive psychological capital. The study contributes to the literature by providing fundamental insights into adolescents'positive psychological capital.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.743-755
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe and to analyze real conversation about polite behavior of nurses in cancer units. Methods: This study was conducted using a Brown & Levinson(1987) theory to analyze the polite behavior of nurses in cancer units. Five nurses who participated in this research gave permission to be videotaped. The data was collected from January to February, 2006. Results: Polite behavior of nurses in cancer units consisted of greetings, emotional support, open questions and indirect direction. And impolite behavior of nurses in cancer units was using the medical terminology, repetition of direct speech acts and task-oriented conversation. Conclusion: This study suggests polite behavior strategies for effective nursing conversation with cancer patients. Therefore, the findings may provide basic raw materials for educational programmes and intervention studies.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.166-176
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify functional structure and patterns of dialogue sequence in conversations between elderly patients with dementia and nurses in a long-term care facility. Methods: Conversation analysis was used to analyze the data which were collected using video-camera to capture non-verbal as well as verbal behaviors. Data collection was done during February 2005. Results: Introduction, assessment, intervention, and closing phases were identified as functional structure. Essential parts of the conversation were the assessment and intervention phases. In the assessment phase three sequential patterns of nurse-initiated dialogue and four sequential patterns of patient-initiated dialogue were identified. Also four sequential patterns were identified in nurse-initiated and three in patient-initiated dialogues in the intervention phase. In general, "ask question", "advise", and "directive" were the most frequently used utterance by nurses in nurse-initiated dialogue, indicating nurses' domination of the conversation. At the same time, "ask back", "refute", "escape", or "false promise" were used often by nurses to discourage patients from talking when patients were raising questions or demanding. Conclusion: It is important for nurses to encourage patient-initiated dialogue to counterbalance nurse-dominated conversation which results from imbalance between nurses and patients in terms of knowledge and task in healthcare institutions for elders.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.85-104
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• 2021

Objective: This study examined the main effects and interaction effect of parenting attitudes and conversation hours between parent and child, by focusing on parental influence among factors impacting children's happiness. Methods: This study used the data from 2,578 fourth grade elementary school students from the first waves of the Korean Child Youth Panel Study(KCYPS) 2018. The data were analyzed using correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. Results: First, there was a significant corelation between children's happiness and socio-economic variables such as parental education level, family's income, and family type. Second, it was found that the main effect of all sub-factors of parenting attitude and conversation hours between parent and child on children's happiness was statistically significant. Third, only the interaction effect between structural parenting attitude and parent-child conversation hours was statistically significant. That is, children who had more conversations with parents with structural parenting attitudes providing guidelines ware reported to be particularly happy. Conclusion/Implications: This study is meaningful in examining overall quantitative and qualitative effects of the relationship between parent and child to understand parental factors impacting children's happiness.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2018

119 종합상황실의 상황 요원은 화재, 구조, 구급 등의 위기 상황을 처음으로 인지하고 대응 체계를 가동시켜야 하는 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 특히 119 구급 신고와 관련하여 상황 요원의 신속하고 정확한 수보 활동은 환자의 생명은 물론 예후를 결정할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2014년 4월 8일부터 12월 31일의 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$시 신고 접수, 출동, 구급활동 자료를 이용해 상황 요원과 신고자의 대화 회전 수와 대화 시간, 그리고 대화 구조 및 순서의 시간 등을 접수 경로와 중증도에 따라 분석하였다. 상황 요원과 신고자의 대화 분석은 향후 상황관리단계에 따른 조치 사항 또는 행동 매뉴얼의 개발이나 개선에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.561-569
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• 2005

현재 소프트웨어 개발의 주요한 패러다임인 객체지향 설계를 많은 시스템들이 채택하고 있으나, 화상 대화를 대상으로 한 연구들에서 본격적인 객체지향 설계의 적용은 그리 많지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 화상 대화 시스템에 대한 객체지향 설계를 위한 UML을 이용한 체계적인 아키텍처의 설계를 제시한다. 화상 대화 시스템에 대하여 체계적인 기능/비기능적 요구사항을 포착하고, '4+1 View Model'을 적용하여 객체지향 설계를 함으로써, 컴포넌트들은 재사용성을 담보하며, 이후 필요에 따라 컴포넌트들을 추가하여 시스템을 확장하는 것이 가능하다. 또한, 본 논문에서 설계한 화상 대화 애플리케이션의 컴포넌트들은 다른 여러 화상 대화 시스템에 활용 가능하며, 웹 환경에서의 서비스로도 확장될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.173-187
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to clarify the specific terms of epistemic and epistemological by reviewing the literature on epistemological understanding of science learning, examine the necessity of epistemic discourse analysis based on the view of social epistemology, and provide an exemplar of practical epistemology analysis for elementary children's science learning. The review was conducted in terms of meaning and terminology about epistemic or epistemological approach to science learning, epistemology of/for science, and methodologies for epistemic discourse analysis. As an alternative way of epistemic discourse analysis in science classroom I employed practical epistemology analysis (by Wickman), evidence-explanation continuum (by Duschl), and DREEC diagram (by Maeng et al.). The methods were administered to an elementary science class for the third grade where children observed sedimentary rocks. Through the outcomes of analysis I sought to understand the processes how children collected data by observation, identified evidence, and constructed explanations about rocks. During the process of practical epistemology analysis the cases of four categories, such as encounter, stand-fast, gap, and relation, were identified. The sequence of encounter, stand fast, gap, and relation showed how children observed sedimentary rocks and how they came to learn the difference among the rocks. The epistemic features of children's observation discourse, although different from scientists' discourses during their own practices, showed data-only conversation, evidence-driven conversation, or explanation inducing conversation. Thus I argue even elementary children are able to construct their own knowledge and their epistemic practices are productive.