• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2014

Objective : This study set out to combine the treatment efficacy of Taraxacum with Dongchimi fermentation and investigate Taraxacum's effects on protection of liver cell and controlling nitric oxide(NO) through experiments, thus checking whether it had values as a physiological active matter. The experimental materials include Taraxacum Dongchimi (TD) and Taraxacum fermented by Dongchimi (TDF). As for methodology, experiments were carried out to compare TD and TDF in components, protection effects for liver cells, anticancer effects on liver cells, and protection effects for brain cells in the aspects of liver function and immunity enhancement. Method : The experimental materials include Taraxacum Dongchimi (TD) and Taraxacum fermented by Dongchimi (TDF). As for methodology, experiments were carried out to compare TD and TDF in components, protection effects for liver cells, anti-cancer effects on liver cells, and protection effects for brain cells in the aspects of liver function and immunity enhancement. Results : As shown in the chromatogram results, each valid component content increased in Taraxacum fermented by Dongchimi (TDF) for each time section. Of them, the valid component content at 36.80 minutes was approximately 2.7 times higher in TDF at 21.8% than in Taraxacum Dongchimi (TD) at 8.28%. TDF generated more excellent protection effects against the toxicity that caused oxidative damage to the liver cell(HepG2) with t-BHP than TD. The survival rate was low in TD of $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $300{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and increased to 23.3% in TDF of $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The survival rate was the highest at $300{\mu}M$ with a significant difference of 68.1%(P<0.05). Both TD and TDF showed effects of controlling nitric oxide production according to concentration with TDF recording a higher rate of controlling nitric oxide production than TD. There were significant differences(P<0.05) in the effects of controlling nitric oxide production at 200 ug/ml, 400 ug/ml in both groups. Especially the result TDF of $400{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ was thus similar to those of butein, the positive control group. Conclusion : The result of this studies is that Taraxacum fermented by Dongchimi (TDF) increased the valid component content compared with the simple mixture(TD). The findings clearly show that it is a material with the effects of improving immunity and liver cell protection. If fermentation methods are further developed to use it as a functional material, it will be subject to more opportunities of being used in other functional foods and make a contribution to integrated medicinal food development.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.1227-1235
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• 2007

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) provide several potential health and nutritional benefits, including improving the nutritional value of food, controlling serum cholesterol levels, and controlling some types of cancer. Numerous in vitro, in vivo, human, and epidemiological studies have provided evidence of the chemopreventive effects of LAB on colon, bladder, liver, breast, and gastric cancers. These effects act via diverse mechanisms, including alteration of the gastrointestinal micro flora, enhancement of the host's immune response, and antioxidative and antiproliferative activities. This review discusses the recent progresses on the chemopreventive effects of LAB on specific cancer types and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-19
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• 2008

This study explored the influence of two types of conflict(task and relationship conflict) on group creativity and tested this model with a sample of 58 teams. Relationship conflict negatively influenced group creativity but, task conflict did not show the effects on group creativity. Specifically we found the moderating effects of supportive leadership and communication. Supportive leadership style moderated positively both task conflict and relationship conflict on group creativity. But controlling leadership styled moderated negatively relationship conflict and group creativity. Finally the relationship between task conflict and group creativity was moderated by communication. Overall, we suggest conflict is one of the important group process to boost group creativity and supportive leadership and communication are the important moderators to manage conflict successfully and effectively.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to identify the problems in the consumption life of household over the family life cycle so that they would support to select the consumer education subjects and the establish the long-term household plan. For these purposes, a survey was conducted using questionnaire. The data used in this study included 562 homemakers living in Seoul. Statistics used for data analysis were frequency distribution, Mean, Percentile, One-way Anova, Scheffie-test, Multiple Classification Analysis. Major findings were as follows; 1) In the level of the problems in the consumption life of household, housing problem, durable goods problem, healthy-medical problem and child education problem area were in the low level. Leisure problem and properties management problem area were in the high level. 2) The problems in the consumption life of household differed significantly over the family life cycle. 3) When controlling family monthly income and education level of husband was compared with not-controlling them, the influences of family life cycle on the problems in the consumption life were as follows. (1)At housing problem area, the effect of the FLC was higher in controlling them than not-controlling them. (2) At other problems the effects of the FLC was lower or same in controlling them than not-controlling them.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5434-5441
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• 2013

Using longitudinal data of 575 sample from 122 firms in large business conglomerates from 2001 to 2008, this study examines the impact of controlling shareholders' control-ownership disparity on executive compensation. The empirical study finds that controlling shareholders' control-ownership disparity is negatively related to the level of executive compensation and moderate negatively the relation between firm performance and executive compensation. This finding suggests that controlling shareholders' control rights in excess of ownership rights lead to decreased executive compensation in order to relieve the concerns of stakeholder about the potential agency costs of controlling shareholder, and have, on the other hand, entrenchment effects on the decision of executive compensation by decreasing its sensitivity on firm performance.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.79-103
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• 2014

Previous studies show that tall people have better labor market outcomes, but controlling for their abilities reduces the size of height effects. This implies that a failure to properly control for one's ability could overestimate the OLS estimate. This paper contributes to the literature by being the first to control for individual fixed effects (FE) and to examine height effects on the probability of one's attaining a leadership position. The data used are panel data of a cohort obtained during the cohort's middle and high school years. In OLS estimation, this paper finds positive height effects for boys. However, when controlling for individual fixed effects, the estimate is not statistically significant. For girls, the height effects are found on neither OLS nor FE model.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.282-285
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• 1998

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.9
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• pp.71-82
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of child gender and temperament, husbands’ support, and mothers’ psychological well-being on maternal parenting behaviors toward toddlers. Mothers of 214 toddlers responded to questionnaires on the following variables: child temperament, husbands’ support, psychological wellbeing and parenting behaviors. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that: 1) Children being negative emotionality linked with mothers’ high controlling and rejective parenting behaviors and low responsive parenting behaviors directly and indirectly via mothers’ psychological well-being; 2) Husbands’ support was linked with mothers’ low controlling and rejective behaviors through mothers’ high psychological well-being; 3) Mothers’ low psychological well-being was linked to high mothers’ controlling and rejective parenting. The results of this study underscore mothers’ psychological well-being and husbands’ parenting support in predicting mothers’positive parenting.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.47-61
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study is to derive the implications for managing effectively the leadership of hospital organization, by analyzing the effect of hospital employees' perception of the types of leadership on the organizational efficacy, and the controlling effect of individual and organizational characteristics. To test the model, survey was conducted using structural and self-administering questionnaires for 400 employees of the hospitals that have over 100 beds, in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, and Ulsan, from 29 March to 17 April, 2010, and 310 were used in final analysis. The results of the study suggest that the management methods to build the innovating leadership of managers are required in order to raise the organizational efficacy, and that searching of the methods to improve the achievement desire, self-esteem, and locus of control is required in order to maximize the effect of the innovating leadership.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.587-599
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze variable-controlling strategy (below vcs) and the ability to infer the effect of variables in Middle school students who experienced 'Thinking Science' activities in a CASE program. For this study, 71 9th grade students experienced in CASE program for 2 years were selected as the experimental group and 72 students were selected as the control group. All students were tested with Science Reasoning TaskVII. The five types of variable-controlling strategy were extracted from students' response. According to the result of this study, the students experienced in CASE program was more successful in the variable-controlling strategy of length, quality, and shape than the control group. The types of reasoning ability of the variable effect intuitively were categorized as possibility of reasoning, impossibility of reasoning, and impossibility of reversible thinking. It has shown that the reasoning ability of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group in the length and thickness variable effect. The results of this study implied that the variable controlling activities in CASE program could be effective for learning variable controlling, and eventually, for the development of reasoning ability of the variable controlling effect. In the ability to infer the effects of variables to get difficult Intuitively, both groups were similar to the rate of cognitive level reached to the formal operation in generalization, and the student of experimental group was 1.5 times faster than the control group.