• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2021

In horse management, the alarm system with sensors in the foaling period enables the breeder can appropriately prepare the time of the parturition. It is important to prevent losses by unpredictable parturition because there are several high risks such as dystocia and the death of foals and mares during foaling. However, unlike analysis in the alarm system that detects specific motions has been widely performed, analysis of classification following specific behavior patterns or number needs to be more organized. Thus, the objective of this study is to classify signs of the specific behaviors of the mares for the prediction of pre-foaling behaviors. Five Thoroughbred mares (9-20 yrs) were randomly selected for observation of the pre-foaling behaviors. The behaviors were monitored for 90 min that was divided into three different periods as 1) from -90 to -60 min, 2) from -60 to -30 min, 3) from -30 min to the time for the discharge of the amniotic fluid, respectively. The behaviors were divided into two different categories as state and frequent behaviors and each specific behavioral pattern for classification was individually described. In the state behaviors, the number of mares in the standing of the foaling group (3.17 ± 0.18^b) at period 3 was significantly higher than the control group (1.67 ± 0.46^a). In contrast, the number of the mares in the eating of the foaling group (1.17 ± 0.34^b) at period 3 was significantly lower than the control group (3.33 ± 0.46^a). In the frequent behaviors, the weaving of the foaling group was significantly higher than the control group, and looking at the belly of the foaling group was significantly lower than the control group. In period 2, defecation, weaving, and lowering the head of the foaling group were significantly higher than the control group, respectively. In period 3, sitting down and standing up, pawing, weaving, and lowering the head in the foaling group were also significantly higher than the control group. In conclusion, the behavior is significantly different in foaling periods, and the prediction of foaling may be feasible by the detection of the pre-foaling behaviors in the mares.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1295-1304
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the BMI, dietary behaviors, body satisfaction and factors affecting the weight control interest according to gender of middle school students (195 boys and 251 girls) in Wonju area. The average height and weight of the boys were $164.8{\pm}8.3\;cm$ and $55.5{\pm}12.3\;kg$ respectively. Those of the girls were $158.8{\pm}5.0\;cm$ and $48.7{\pm}7.4\;kg$ respectively. The average body mass index (BMI) of the boys and girls was 20.3 and 19.3 respectively. In both boys and girls, 69.7% of them had regular meals and the main reason for skipping meals was insufficient time to eat due to oversleeping (33.6%). Most of the subjects consumed snacks more than once a day (95.5%). The dietary intake attitude score of the girls ($35.08{\pm}5.91$) was higher than that of the boys ($33.81{\pm}5.45$) (p<0.01). The eating disorders score of the girls ($12.92{\pm}6.22$) was higher than that of the boys ($10.70{\pm}9.82$) (p<0.01). Also, 87.2% of the subjects showed normal behavior and 12.8% of the subjects had eating disorders, but there was no significant difference according to gender. The body satisfaction score of the boys ($30.16{\pm}5.08$) was higher than that of the girls ($28.00{\pm}5.52$) (p<0.001). In general, body satisfaction score correlated positively with dietary intake attitude score, but correlated negatively with eating disorders score (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that body satisfaction score was the most significant variable which affected the weight control interest. Therefore, development of the nutrition education program for adolescents will be effective not only for the improvement of dietary behaviors but also for the positive change in the misleading perception about the ideal body shape.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 1996

This study was undertaken to evaluate the relation between obesity and dietary life of children aged 4-7 divided into two groups based on height for age, weight for age and weight for height. Controls were selected based on sex and age similar with those of cases. Cases and controls were selected using the combination of weight for height, weight for age and height for age by the World Health Organization standard. Cases were 23 children judged as obese. Controls were 37 judged as normal. Whether their mother had a job or not, showed relative risk 1.35(95% C1 0.32-5.64). In obese group, employmental statue of mother was 17.4% compared with 13.5% in control group. In mother's concern for cooking pattern, the relative risk was 5.64 and 95% CI was 1.70-18.66 in the item of "We consider the color arrangement when we serve foods" which was the highest rate. The item having the lowest relative risk was "We cook the meal by ourselves with spending time" which of the relative risk was 0.52 and 95% CI was 0.16-1.65. The item having a great significance in the dietary habit of subjects were "They beat the tablewear with the chopstick"(RR:1.64, 95% CI:0.22-12.73) and "I talk with food in my mouth"(RR :1.11, 95% CI:0.39-3.15), and the other items didn't show significancy. Number of food eating per day for male was 30.0$\pm$10.93 in obese group where as 23.2$\pm$9.80 in control group. 22.3$\pm$4.56, 21.8$\pm$10.91 were taken obese group and control group respectively in female. In the survey for general habit in life, the item of "We has a time for conversation with our family regularly" was high correlation to obesity and item of "We made our children change clothes and go to toilet themselvesj has slight relation to obesity. From above, we observed normal and obese children had different factors such as mother's attitude for preparing meals, table manners and habit of living. So we should take a continuous interest in children's dietary life in order to correct the wrong dietary habit and to protect from future problems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.154-160
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• 2006

This study examines the service satisfaction rate on high school students(637) in order to provide the basic data for marketing direction by analyzing the importance and satisfaction rate of the service quality. In IPA for the service quality, as the following properties are high in expectation as well as satisfaction they needed to maintain. They are the taste, scent, saltiness, proper temperature of the food, the quantity main food, nutritional value, the degree of freshness, and the smell of dining room. The following properties need the excessive efforts. They are the number of side dishes, eating place, the shape and material quality of dish, the costume of dining workers. As the following showed low importance degrees as well as satisfaction degrees, they don't need concentrated efforts. They are the harmony of color and shape, the interior design of the dining room, the arrangement of tables and chairs, the atmosphere of dining room, and the effect of nutrition instruction. As the education of nutrition is compulsory among the school group meal, the analysis based on the response of questioned students is supposed to be more careful. The items showing low satisfaction degrees while high importance degrees are considered to make an operational plans for the improvement through a variety of menu, the quality of food, the quantity for side-dishes, health control, the cleanness of dishes, the kindness of cooks, the performance of nutritionists, the charge of school meal, and meal time.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.506-515
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the association between interest in beauty care and dietary behaviors of 581 (analysis rate 96.0%) high school girls in Incheon using a survey done in May 2019. Based on the degree of interest in beauty care, subjects were classified as "Beauty care group (n=346)", and "Non-beauty care group (n=235)". The mean age of the subjects was 16.5 years old. The beauty care group had significantly lower BMI than the non-beauty care group (p<0.01). The beauty care group showed a significantly higher interest in weight control than the non-beauty care group (p<0.001). The most time-consuming preschool morning activity in the beauty care group was beauty care, while that of the non-beauty care group was eating breakfast (p<0.001). The beauty care group had significantly higher frequency of exercise than the non-beauty care group (p<0.05). The number of individuals who skipped breakfast was significantly higher in the beauty care group. In addition, the beauty care group had a significantly higher frequency of taking morning snack, convenience food (p<0.01), sweet snacks (p<0.05), and processed beverages (p<0.05) than the non-beauty care group. Our result findings provide important information on the priority groups for nutrition education based on beauty care interest.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was conducted to improve dental health regarding behavior and understanding of dental health of day care teachers by analyzing actual dental health state. Methods: This study was performed from October 1 to October 30, 2008 for 194 teachers who worked at nurseries in Daegu. Results: In the toothbrushing recognition, 42.3% of the said that tooth brushing after eating is necessary but only 26.3% had the children bush teeth. They did not have the children brush the teeth because they did not have enough time. Many teachers (75.3%) said that dental caries could be prevented. But only 4.1% of them said that fluorine is effective for the prevention of dental caries. The preschool teachers had dental health education experience, better understood the importance of dental health education than those who did not have(p < 0.05). Conclusion: The preschool teachers who had dental health education better recognized the importance of dental health education.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1601-1606
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• 2011

32 sows (Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) and their litters were used to evaluate the effects of varying creep feed duration on pre-weaning, post-weaning performance of piglets and sows. Sows were randomly assigned with 1, 2 or 3+ parities into 1 of 4 treatments. Creep feeding was initiated at day 5, 10 and 15 from birth for treatment 1 (TRT1), 2 (TRT2) and (TRT3), respectively, with a control group provided no creep feed. In this study, TRT1 and TRT2 diets had reduced (p<0.05) the post-weaning diarrhea scores in piglets and the weaning-to-estrus interval and cortisol concentration in sows at weaning time compared with other treatments. Dietary TRT1 led to a higher (p<0.05) epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations than other treatments. No differences (p>0.05) were noted in suckling, sleeping, fighting frequency and mortality in piglet and eating, standing times, backfat and body weight loss in sows. In conclusion, creep feed initiated from day 5 and 10 reduce diarrhea scores in piglets and benefit the estrus interval in sows compared with those initiated from day 15 and no-creep feeding diets, indicating creep feeding could improve the pigs and sows performance, especially those initiated from day 5 and 10.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.295-300
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• 2001

In recent years, as changing the habit of eating, the pathology in the colon grows up annually. For that reason, the colonoscopy is generalized. But it requires much time to acquire a dexterous skill to perform an operation. And the procedure is painful to the patient. Therefore, biomedical and robotic researchers are developing a locomotive colonoscope that can travel safely in colon. In this paper, we propose a novel design and concept of semi-autonomous colonoscope and two actuators for the micro robot. The micro robot comprises camera and LED for diagnosis, steering system to pass through the loop, pneumatic actuator and bow-shaped flexible supporters to control a contact force and to keep the space between colon wall and the actuator. For actuating mechanism, we suggest two models. One is based on the reaction force, and the other is impact force. In order to validate the concept and the performance of the actuators, we carried out the preliminary experiments in rigid pipes.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.814-824
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• 2005

The study purpose was to examine weight control status and related factors among 370 high school girls in Seoul. Factors examined included interest toward weight control, body satisfaction, body image, beliefs regarding weight control and self-efficacy. $65.1\%$ had attempted to control weight and were categorized into attempt group. Those in the attempt group had higher body weight (p < 0.001) and BMI (p < 0.001) than the counterparts. They tried to control weight 2.9 times on average (22.4 days each time). The major information sources for weight control were internet ($62.8\%$), and TV/radio ($17.1\%$). Exercise was most commonly used for weight control, followed by reducing meal amount and skipping dinner. The attempt group was less satisfied with body size (p < 0.001) and perceived their body size as heavier than the counterparts (p < 0.001), but they showed more interest toward weight control (p < 0.001). The ideal body size of society or the body size that they want was very thin in both groups. Twelve out of 20 beliefs regarding weight control were significantly different between the two groups. The attempt group believed more strongly on the advantages such as increased self-confidence, appearance, attractiveness (p < 0.001) and 'good for making friends' (p < 0.01) In contrast, the attempt group believed less strongly about the disadvantages including harmful effects on health (p < 0.001), parents' dislike, feelings of discouragement (p < 0.01) and becoming (p < 0.05). The attempt group showed lower overall self-efficacy to control overeating (p < 0.05) than the counterparts. Especially, the attempt group felt less control of overeating in situations such as eating-out, after school, when they are with family (p < 0.01) or with friends, when they feel hungry, during examination periods and when others offer food (p < 0.05). This study suggested that weight management education for adolescents include strategies for changing body image and beliefs regarding weight control, as well as increasing self-efficacy to control overeating. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) : $814\∼824$, 2005)

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.113-125
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a model for predicting mental health risk among adolescents based on health behavior information by employing a hybrid machine learning method. Methods: The study analyzed data of 51,850 domestic middle and high school students from 2022 Youth Health Behavior Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Firstly, mental health risk levels (stress perception, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, suicide plans, experiences of sadness and despair, loneliness, and generalized anxiety disorder) were classified using the k-mean unsupervised learning technique. Secondly, demographic factors (family economic status, gender, age), academic performance, physical health (body mass index, moderate-intensity exercise, subjective health perception, oral health perception), daily life habits (sleep time, wake-up time, smartphone use time, difficulty recovering from fatigue), eating habits (consumption of high-caffeine drinks, sweet drinks, late-night snacks), violence victimization, and deviance (drinking, smoking experience) data were input to develop a random forest model predicting mental health risk, using logistic and XGBoosting. The model and its prediction performance were compared. Results: First, the subjects were classified into two mental health groups using k-mean unsupervised learning, with the high mental health risk group constituting 26.45% of the total sample (13,712 adolescents). This mental health risk group included most of the adolescents who had made suicide plans (95.1%) or attempted suicide (96.7%). Second, the predictive performance of the random forest model for classifying mental health risk groups significantly outperformed that of the reference model (AUC=.94). Predictors of high importance were 'difficulty recovering from daytime fatigue' and 'subjective health perception'. Conclusion: Based on an understanding of adolescent health behavior information, it is possible to predict the mental health risk levels of adolescents and make interventions in advance.