• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.593-602
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• 2010

This study was carried out to examine the effects of nutrition education program developed by Jincheon Public Health Center on preschool children's nutrition knowledge and dietary habits and the parents' dietary attitudes. The subjects of this study were five- and six-year-old children as well as their parents. A 5-week nutrition education program was implemented to 104 children in five day care centers, and 107 children in three day care centers were investigated as a control group. Activity tools designed for each lesson such as puzzles, food magnets, story, songs, Pierrot costume, and balls were used. Nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of children and dietary attitudes of parents were evaluated before and after education. Mean nutrition knowledge score in the education group was significantly higher than that in the control group after education (p < 0.001). Mean dietary habit score of three questions (three meals a day, eating at fixed time, eating breakfast) in the education group was also significantly higher than that in the control group after education (p < 0.01). In addition, parents in the education group showed significantly higher mean dietary attitude score than those in the control group even though they did not receive education (p < 0.001). Our nutrition education program was found to be effective in improving nutrition knowledge and dietary habits in preschool children as well as improving dietary attitudes in their parents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.195-204
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between body image, weight-control self-efficacy, and body mass index of high-school girls. Methods: Body image, gender role identity, weight-control self-efficacy, and body weight control behavior were measured by structured questionnaires. Date were analyzed by descriptive statistics, the t-test, the one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation, using the SPSS program. Results: Body weight control behavior was positively correlated with weight-control self-efficacy and objective body mass index. Body weight control behavior showed significant differences according to the interest in weight control, current weight control effort, reasons for weight control, secret method for weight loss, eating breakfast or not, and the amount of time exposed to mass media. In regard to the body weight control behavior according to the gender role identity type, the androgynous showed significantly higher tendency than other types. Conclusion: These findings suggest that health providers need to educate high-school girls about appropriate body image and weight control behavior. Also, more studies are needed to identify factors influencing weight control behavior.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 1994

Recently the incidence of hemorrhoids has been increased. There were various factors related to hemorrhoids, the amount of fiber intake was known as one of them. And so we performed this case-control study to investigate the association of hemorrhoids and fiber intake. The data was obtained by the combination of self-administered questionnaire and personal interview. The study population was consisted of matched 156 pairs, the cases were selected from S-hospital in Seoul, the age and sex matched control from the general population. The statistical analysis was performed by matched-analysis. The results summarized as follow : 1) As socio-economic status were low, the odds ratio of hemorrhoids were high. 2) There was significant association between hemorrhoids and regularity of eating time rather than regularity of defecation. 3) The odds ratio of hemorrhoids was 3 times higher in the presence of constipation. 4) The incidence of hemorrhoids was influenced by psychological characteristics such as somatization, obsessive-compulsive, depression, and anxiety. 5) Fiber intake was significantly lower in the cases compared to the controls. When the constipation was controlled, the fiber intake was still lower in the cases. These data provide additional evidence that the fiber intake was related to hemorrhoids.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.620-629
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary and the living habits of 606 university students located in the Chonnam area. The subjects included 290 freshmen (47.9%) and 316 undergraduate students (52.1%). This survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. Most students (73.9%) skipped breakfast because of lack of time (65.8%) of the cases. Self-reported eating habits problems were eating irregular meal (52.8%), overeating (21.1%), unbalance diet (13.0%) and skipping meal (7.3%). The type of favorite snack was biscuit (31.8%) and cup Ramyon(31.8%). The weight control was higher in freshmen compared to undergraduate. The rates of smoking in freshmen and undergraduate were 21.0% and 26.6% respectively. The coffee intake and alcohol drinking frequency was higher in undergraduate compared to freshmen. The living habits of undergraduate students were undesirable. Therefore they should have a nutritional program to improve their food habits and the dietary behaviors for students' health. And nutritional education program should be organized practically and systematically.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of by-product mixing silage feeding on the eating and ruminating behavior of fattening Hanwoo steer. A total of 12 Hanwoo steers (21 months old) were divided into three feeding groups and assigned to 3 dietary treatments: control (C: concentrate + ad libitum feeding of rice straw), and by-product mixing silage groups (T1: concentrate + 1 kg restricted feeding of by-product mixing silage + ad libitum feeding of rice straw, T2: concentrate + ad libitum feeding of by-product mixing silage). Eating behaviors were observed for 48 hours. Total feed intake was high in the order of T1 > C > T2, but not significantly different among the treatments. The eating and chewing time were significantly higher in C than by-product mixing silage treatments (P<0.05). Ruminating and resting time were not significantly different among the treatments. Number of bolus, number of total chews and number of chews per bolus were not significantly different among the treatments. But ruminating time per bolus and FVI (feed value index) were significantly higher in C than T1 and T2 (p<0,01, 0.05). Bolus per minute was the highest in T1 (p<0.01). Number of drinking was significantly higher in T2 than C and T1 (p<0.05), but defecating and urinating were not significantly difference among the treatments. Eating rate was the highest in T2 (p<0.05), but ruminating and chewing efficiency were not significantly difference among the treatments. Consequently, there was no big difference on eating behavior when feed by-product silage comparing with rice straw. Therefore, it is thought that by-product mixing silage could be the alternative for the rice straw.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.12 s.214
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• pp.125-134
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• 2005

This study was conducted to develop a comprehensive program for improving obese children's living habits such as wearing clothing and eating, and their self-esteem. Thirteen obese elementary school children, six boys and seven girls in the 4th to 6th grade, voluntarily participated in a ten-week intervention program. During the program, the obese children filled out a checklist consisted of daily ambient temperature inside the house, weight of clothing, meal diary, time taken for physical exercise, time taken for watching TV, etc. After carrying out the program, its effect was testified and evaluated. Percent body fat of the children measured using a body composition analyzer was reduced by $1.9\%$ after the program (p<.01). Wearing behavior of clothing was positively changed in view of the high correlation between ambient temperature and clothing weight (r=-.917, p<.01). Ability of dietary self control was improved and eating time was lengthened. Self-esteem was improved in global self-worth, athletic competence, and behavior/conduct. It was suggested that active interest of the family would be helpful and that an intervention program over longer than ten week would be necessary to improve childhood obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.982-995
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• 2002

This study was conducted to provide basic information on the nutritional status and dietary behaviors of the deaf teenagers. The subjects of this study were 87 deaf-mute high school students in Pusan and Kyung-nam area and, in comparison,90 general high school students in Ham-an area. The survey was investigated by using a self-administered questionnaire. The results were as follows: Deaf-mute group was consisted of 63.2% male and 36.8% female, and mean of height and weight of male were 171.2 cm and 61.9kg, female were 158.0cm and 51.7kg. Obesity index and body mass index (BMI) were normal range in both deaf-mute and normal groups. The average nutrition knowledge score of the deaf-mute group was 6.8 $\pm$ 1.5 out of possible 10 points, that was significantly lower than 7.3 $\pm$ 0.8 of the normal group (p<0.01). The mean of self-control and conscious control scores in the eating behaviors of the deaf-mute group were 2.6 $\pm$ 1.2 and 2.4 $\pm$ 1.3 out of possible 5 points from each item, which was significantly higher than 2.1 $\pm$ 1.3 and 1.8 $\pm$ 1.4 of the normal group (p< 0,01). Nutrients consumed below 90% of Korean RDA were energy (79.9%), Ca (71.5%) for deaf-mute male students and Ca (88.5%) for deaf-mute female students. Energy (71.4%), protein (87.8%), Ca (74.8%), vitamin B$_1$ (83.4%) intake of normal male students and energy (72.8%), Ca (71.2%), Fe (78.7%) intake of normal female students were below 90% of Korean RDA. Energy, protein, fat, vitamin B$_1$, niacin intake of deaf-mute male students were significantly higher than normal male students and all nutrients intake of deaf-mute female students were significantly higher than normal female students. By the correlation of nutrients intakes with nutrition knowledge, there was positive correlation with the intakes of Ca, Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$, and vitamin C in the deaf-mute group, while there was negative correlation with the nutrients intakes (except for protein and fat) in the normal group. The amount of meal, breakfast, regularity of meal time, frequency of snacks showed a positive relation to nutrient intakes in deaf-mute group and amount of meal, breakfast, regularity of meal time, frequency of overeating showed a positive relation to nutrient intakes in normal group. The nutrition knowledge had no correlation with food habits or eating behaviors in both groups.(Korean J Nutrition 35(9) : 982~995, 2002)

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.62-72
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• 1995

We studied the effects of behavior modification and aerobic exercise on body weight, degree of obesity, % body fat, triceps skinfold thickness, blood pressure and eating behavior among overweight middle school girls. 15 girls participated in the behavior modification program by joining 60-90 minute group session weekly. The aerobic exercise program was given to 13 girls 3 times per week with 60 minutes each time. The data were obtained before treatment, after 4 and 8 weeks after treatment. In analyzing the data, repeated measures ANOVA were adopted. The results were as follows ; 1. For the changes of body weight between 2 groups, body weight of behavior modification groups decreased significantly than these of aerobic exercise group at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment, 2. For the changes of degree of obesity between 2 groups, there were no significant differences over time, 3. The analysis of change of % body fat did not reveal significant differences between 2 groups over time, 4. The changes of triceps skinfold thickness were significant differences between 2 groups over time, 5. For the changes of systolic blood pressure between 2 groups, there were significant differences over time. At 4 weeks after treatment, systolic blood pressure of behavior modification group decreased significantly than these of aerobic exercise group. 6. The changes of diastolic blood pressure were significant differences between 2 groups over time.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of absolute bed rest(ABR) on occurrence of bleeding, discomfort and back pain after kidney biopsy. Method: This study was the nonequivalent control group posttest design. The experimental group was allowed to stay in beds for 18 hour-bed rest(BR) after 6 hour-ABR while the control group was allowed to stay ABR for 24 hours. Results: No bleeding sign was showed for all the patients. Discomfort of voiding, eating, ABR in the control group appeared at a higher level. Three subjects in the control group needed nelaton catheterization, whereas no catheterization was required in the experimental group. There was no significant difference in back pain. However, the control group used more pain killer with significant difference. From these results. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between ABR time and bleeding. On the other hand, the discomfort of the experimental group appeared at a lower level by reducing ABR time. Therefore, Reduction of ABR time after kidney biopsy would be more efficient way for patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.132-140
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the effects of oral health education on kindergarten children. Method: The study was designed as a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group pre -post test design. Data was collected from April 1st to November 30th, 2001. The total samples were sixty seven healthy kindergarten children; the experiment group consisted of thirty three and the control group was thirty four children. The experimental group received an oral health education program daily for 20 minutes for four weeks. Result: There was significant improvements on oral health behavior in the experimental group. Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli of the salivary variables in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group. The dmft was lower in the experimental group than the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. However it was significantly lower in the experimental group than control group over time. Conclusion: Oral health education for kindergarten children showed an increase in the use of tooth paste and practicing correct tooth brush usage. Also, it decreased the rate of eating cariogenic food and had a positive effect on oral health through suppressing dental cavities.