• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.129-135
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• 2013

The revised security industry law revised 17 provisions among 31 provisions in order to root out the violent event. The main contents of the revised security industry law is the intensitfication of the required condition of permission, intensitfication of the obligation, management strengthening of the public resentment of group field, official, reason of expansion of the expenses instructor and guard, dress and equipment, vehicle, intensitfication of the managing director, intensitfication of the punishment, and etc. However, there is the problem including the putting under an obligation of the arrangement new appointment education, cause provider punishment of the service company violence, awareness of the police to the security company, excessive regulation, intensification of punishment problem, supervision power intensitfication of the revised security industry law is excessive the police, and etc. The individual responsibility education completion method and public resentment of group field in addition to is thought in order to solve this that exclusion of the prior education obligation, revision of the security industry law, burden on tax payers of the extra charge, punishment of the violence request contract trader, introduction of the guard qualification certificate system, and etc. are needed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 2017

Purpose - Domestic franchise market has been grown steadily, reaching 50 trillion won in sales and 3,360 franchise headquarters in 2014. A franchise system is an effective business system for the franchisees to lower the failure rate due to the fact that the inexperienced entrepreneurs are supported by their headquarters through the franchisee contract. However, there are also conflicts between franchiser and franchisee behind the quantitative growth of domestic franchise industry. Therefore, it is very important to structure the causes of conflicts and to examine the effect of factors on the relationship commitment and performances. Research design, data, and methodology - In this study, the author divides the composite incompatibility between the franchise and the franchisee into goal incongruity, domain dissensus, and perceptual differences, and examines each dimension to the relationship with commitment and performances. To verify the proposed research model and test hypotheses, the author selected 200 franchise responses in food and beverage industry. The data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS structural equation modeling program. Results - The empirical findings provide goal incongruity and perceptual differences have a negative effect on the affective commitment, but not the calculative commitment. In addition, affective commitment and calculative commitment are found to have a positive effect on re-contractual intention and extended brand shop running intention, respectively. Affective commitment have a stronger effect on re-contractual intention than calculative commitment. Conclusions - First of all, the fact that goal incongruity and perceptual differences negatively affect the affective commitment, but it does not affect the calculative commitment. It means the relationship commitment in distribution channel are multi-dimensional concept that may be attributed to emotional or affective dimensions but may exist in terms of necessity or power-dependence. Second, the level of relationship commitment such as affective and calculative commitment to franchise headquarters positively affects the re-contractual intention and franchiser's extend brand shop running intention suggest that franchiser should encourage and support existing franchisee's commitment. Third, the fact that affective commitment has a greater effect on relationship performance than calculative commitment means to induce franchisee's affective commitment and to prevent the inconsistency between goals and perceptual differences.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.12-24
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• 1982

East Parts of Bangladesh have been benifited by low cost energy generated by domestic natural gas but West parts where energy generated by imported fuel. Bangladesh Government authority has very much concerned to transmit the low cost electricity to the West from the East for past several years. To solve such concerns, cross-country 230kv double circuits Power transmission line was proposed, however there was a big obstacle for the realization of this line to cross the Jamuna river which has 12 km long width with a deep muddy river bed. A consultant engineering firm named Merz-Mclellan anyway finalized this plan and a world-wide bid was announced on June 31, 1979. Due to the expected difficulty to construct the towers on sea like area, only three construction groups have participated. including a Korean joint venture organization of Samsung-Korean Developement corporation-Kolon Electric Machinery company. After 3 months bid evaluation, contract was awarded to Korean Consosium and KEM Co was in charge of designing steel towers with anchor bolts and base plates beside to electrical engineering field. Then KEM Co have faced and over-comed many unenpected technical difficulties such as forced eccentricity joint on base plate, distorsion issue of 60mm thick plates welding, threading anchor bolts, tad heat treatment of some anchor bolts, disagreement from Consultant Engineer on multiplying factor of leg stresses for 45$^{\circ}$ wind and on reducing O.L.F for wind loads on cables for such 1220km long spans. After spending two years long period for designing and engineering towers, base plates, and anchor bolts, first shipment of tower was finally realized on Nov. 8, 1981 and on the other hand KDD has proceeded concrete caisson work on schedule at Jamuna river site and expected to complete tower erection and stringing of cables within this year of 1982 which was original completion target.

• Plant Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.36-40
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• 2016

At the contract for power plant construction, the penalty appropriation on performance decrease is signed between ordering organization and construction firm. In this, the penalty cost signed must be reasonable value that both of ordering organization and construction firm can accept, therefore the methodology for penalty appropriation is very important. Cogeneration is a system that produces electricity and heat at the same time, therefore the penalty appropriation for cogeneration should be uncertain. Thermoeconomics analyzes various energy costs, however the relation of thermoeconomics and penalty cost may not be analyzed up to now. The aim of this study demonstrates that thermoeconomics can be applied to the penalty appropriation at the performance acceptance test. As the result of CGAM system, if the construction cost is $10,000,000, the value of $6,665,688 was appropriated to the electricity production performance and the value of $3,334,312 was appropriated to the heat production performance. Therefore if one percentage at the electricity production performance decreases, the penalty is $6,666, and one percentage at the heat production performance decrease, we can understand that the penalty is $3,334.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.35-54
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• 1998

In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the number of large-scale projects involving construction, public works and the installation of industrial plants. These projects usually require the participation of a number of public and private entities and involve more than one contract. When disputes arising in connection with these projects are to be submitted to commercial arbitration, the parties often wish to have all disputes decided by one arbitral tribunal, in a single comprehensive proceeding. It has become apparent that the resolution of all major disputes which may arise in connection with such a project in a single comprehensive arbitration proceeding presents a number of advantages. The arbitral institution can provide for a multiparty arbitration proceeding only where all of the parties have agreed to it either at the time the disputes arise or at the time the parties enter into their various contractual arrangement. The discussion about multiparty arbitration centers on the question whether courts should have the power to order the consolidation of arbitration proceedings absent the consent of the parties. As the U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly denied certiorari to cases presenting the consolidation-question, the conflict between the Court of Appeals' positions remains. The common method of selection in a bilaterial proceeding is the formula by which each party appoints one arbitrator and the two party-chosen arbitrators then mutually agree on a third, neutral arbitrator. This popular method poses, however, both a policy and practical problems In a 3-party-proceeding. It seems that the better solution is to have courts or arbitral institutions appoint all arbitrators for a multiparty proceeding. American courts have employed a variety of methods to appoint arbitrators for multiparty disputes in cases in which the parties had not provided for or could not agree upon a method themselves.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2010

Purpose : This study examines the effects of pre-eccentric exercise and stretch ing to bicepsbrachii to prevent delayed onset muscle soreness and recovery of muscular function depending on the training intensity with 28 normal adults in their twenties. Methods : The subjects were divided into a control group, a group without any previous eccentric exercise, and a stretching group. Pre-eccentric exercise group conducted exercise with the intensity of 25% of maximal voluntary contraction. Pre-eccentric exercise and stretching was applied before to induce delayed onset muscle soreness and after, 24 hour post, 48 hour post, and 72 hour post. Measurements were conducted to examine pain and muscular function changes before, immediately after, and after inducing delayed onset muscle soreness. After inducing delayed onset muscle soreness, measurements were taken at the 24th hour, 48th hour, and 72nd hour. Results : The pre-eccentric exercise group and stretching group showed a significant difference from the control group by isometric contract ion power and mechanical pain threshold as a result of measuring delayed onset muscle soreness. Conclusion : From these results, electrical stimulation using presynaptic inhibition mechanism of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) had positive effects for walking ability on inhibition of muscle tone in lower extremity. The motor level stimulation group experienced a more significant effect than the sensory level stimulation group. Therefore, the transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) is considered to be effective on walking ability increasing through inhibition of muscle tone in lower extremity for rehabilitation of post stroke hemiplegic patients.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.178-184
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• 2012

This research is an empirical research that surveys the influence factors of franchisee's compliance and precedence, which have a direct effect on the success of franchisor, from the view of relation exchange theory. The results herein show that the trust of franchisees towards franchisor has a complete mediating effect between conflict and compliance. This means that in a franchise system, it is important to build trust in order to successfully manage franchisees. Trust built between franchisor and the franchisee has a dominating effect based on relationship even on domains not specified on the contract. Also, it is very important in that it decreases frequently occurring conflicts caused by disagreement of interests and unfair relationship of power, and effectuates compliance of franchisees. Such result is a meaningful theoretical and practical contribution in that it has for the first time domestically investigated the mechanism of relationship leading from conflict and trust to compliance of franchisees by methods of theoretical discussion and empirical analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.17-27
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• 2008

Logistic activities of shippers contains only origin-destin commodity flow information, but also contract relationships, cash flows and distribution channels. Under the lack of understanding of physical distribution channels, most studies have focused on the social and psychological aspects between manufacturers and retailers (e.g., mutual trust, power, conflict, reciprocal commitment, and so on). This study reports empirical results of distribution channel choice drawn from 2001 Korean Commodity Flow Survey(CFS) conducted by Korean government. Based on the CFS data, four distribution channels are classified. This study scrutinized how various factors including mode, commodity and firms characteristics affect distribution channel choice, and reported the problems of 2001 CFS survey questionaires and future directions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1304-1316
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• 2009

This study is for the pursuit of the basic application of the efficient conversion factor in the fee contract. This aims to investigate the effects of DEA efficiency index and conversion factors to identify and group the 60 hospitals with intern and residents education. To achieve the aims, AHP was used to select the inuput and output variables for DEA. It was found that the more inefficient in the technical and scale side, the higher the conversion factors were. Conversion factor and DEA efficiency index can be used very effectively to group and discriminant hospitals into a specialized general hospital and a general hospital. Even if the variables used to calculate DEA efficiency are applied to discriminant analysis, The conversion factor and DEA efficiency index have a significant power to make a function modeling. So, if we can make a more conclusive proof based on the large number samples, We can imagine to introduce a efficiency concept in the insurance fee contracts about a conversion factor in Korea Health Insurance System.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.317-332
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• 1998

The adiabatic nuclear demagnetization cooling technique has reduced the lowest accessible temperature to the regime of microkelvin, and consequently led to a large expansion in microkelvin physics such as solid and liquid $^{3}He$, superconductivity of noble metals, spin glass transition, and nuclear magnetism. Our ability to reach temperature in microkelvin regime has greatly facilitated by the developments of dilution refrigerator and superconductivity magnet. It is appropriate to divide nuclear demagnetization cooling into two categories; those in which only the nuclear spin system is cooled down and those in which the lattice and conduction electrons in the refrigerant or the specimen are also cooled by the cooling power of nuclear spin system. The former cooling technique has utilized to investigate the nuclear magnetism at temperature in nanokelvin regime. The latter is widely used in studying the phenomena occurring in microkelvin regime. In this review paper, we will discuss the basic principles of nuclear demagnetization cooling and its applications. This work is supported by the Basic Science Research Institute Program under contract number BSRI-97-2404.