• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.80-89
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• 1993

Notwithstanding Korea and P. R.China are located in the neighborhood each other geographically, the break of diplomatic relations of them continued a long term, and the difference of ideology and social structure of two countries was acting as a barrier to understand each other in many fields. Two countries established formal diplomatic relation in 1992, and then the interchange and mutual cooperation between both countries are being performed rapidly, but the field of fisheries education and research system is continuing in the early stage yet. It can be easily expected that the interchange and mutual cooperation in the field of fisheries through the ocean contribute not only to the international friendship, but to the rational management of fisheries resources. In accordence with the necessity mentioned above, the author considered the general situation of fisheries education and research system in P. R. China. P. R. China runs two kinds of fisheries education system which are regular and irregular system. The regular education system is the principal means of cultivating fisheries scientists and technicians. And there are three grade levels in regular education : the tasks of which are undertaken by the fisheries universities, fisheries colleges and fisheries high schools. Adult education system in fisheries are of the following types : fishery cadet training courses, evening schools, correspondence courses and broadcasting or TV programs. The fisheries research in P. R. China is undertaken by the research institutes under the Bureau of Aquatic Products, and the basic research of oceanography is undertaken by the oceanographic institutes under the Chinese Academy of Science.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.221-230
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• 2014

With the progress and prosperity of commerce and industry, time and money increasingly form an equal partnership. Using air carriers to shorten the round-trip time has become an important choice for many people in the tourism process. Faced with increasing competition within the aviation service environment, airline evaluation criteria and the requirements of customers are gradually dominating the evaluation mechanism for air transport service quality. Over the past few years, attention on the transport quality of service has been primarily focused more on land-based transport, and less on the relevant evaluation criteria of airlines. Many studies have shown that quality of service will directly affect customer satisfaction, resulting in the fact that good quality aviation services have become increasingly important. Therefore, in practical industrial operations with limited resources, there is an urgent need to delve into the assessment guidelines that have an impact on customers when they choose an airline, which can be used as a basis for improving customer satisfaction. Through a literature review and a reliability and validity analysis, this study summarized 19 evaluation criteria, using the purposive sampling method and the decision laboratory method (DEMATEL). In addition, this study viewed the causal relationship between the evaluation criteria and the degree of association as a continuing project for airlines. This study selected appropriate empirical samples from two domestic airlines. The conclusions may provide recommendations for all airlines.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.165-173
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the attitudes of nurses and physicians toward neonatal palliative care and identify the barriers to and facilitators of neonatal palliative care, with the goal of improving palliative care for infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the NICUs of seven general hospitals with 112 nurses and 52 physicians participating. Data were collected using the Neonatal Palliative Care Attitude Scale questionnaire. Results: Only 12.5% of nurses and 11.5% of physicians reported that they had sufficient education in neonatal palliative care. In contrast, 89.3% of the nurses and 84.6% of the physicians reported that they needed further education. The common facilitators for both nurses and physicians were: 1) agreement by all members of the department regarding the provision of palliative care and 2) informing parents about palliative care options. The common barriers for both nurses and physicians were: 1) policies or guidelines supporting palliative care were not available, 2) counseling was not available, 3) technological imperatives, and 4) parental demands for continuing life support. Insufficient resources, staff, and time were also identified as barriers for nurses, whereas these were not identified as barriers for physicians. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop hospital or national guidelines and educational programs on neonatal palliative care, and it is equally necessary to spread social awareness of the importance of neonatal palliative care.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.154-159
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• 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly impacted all aspects of undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing medical education. Only the focus of medical education-care for patients and communities-has remained an integral part of all of the above sectors. Several challenges have been experienced by learners and educators as the education and training of future doctors has continued in the midst of this crisis, including the cancellation of face-to-face classes and training, reduced patient encounter opportunities, fairness issues in online assessments, disruption of patient interview-based exams, reflections on the role of doctors in society, and mental health-related problems linked to isolation and concerns about infection. In response to these disruptions, educators and institutions have rapidly deployed educational innovations. Schools have adopted educational strategies to overcome these challenges by implementing novel education delivery methods in an online format, providing clinical experiences through simulation or telehealth methods, introducing online assessment tools with formative purposes, encouraging learners' involvement in nonclinical activities such as community service, and making available resources and programs to sustain learners' mental health and wellness. During the COVID-19 pandemic, educators and institutions have faced drastic changes in medical education worldwide. At the same time, the quantitative expansion of online education has caused other problems, such as the lack of human collaboration. The long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education need to be studied further.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.176-186
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the nutritional status of ethnic (belonging to minority groups) preschool children in Northern Thailand. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the sample group included 147 parents and 147 preschool children (2-6 years old). Participants volunteered to complete a questionnaire on the personal information of children and parents, as well as family- and school-related factors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a nutritional status calculator, and logistic regression analysis. Results: A birth weight of less than 2,500 g was related to weight-for-age and weight-for-height. Not having been breastfed and having been breastfed for less than 6 months were related to weight-for-height. An elementary school education level among parents was related to children's height-for-age. Familial unhealthy food consumption for 1-2 days per week was related to weight-for-age and height-for-age. Conclusion: This study reflects the importance of nutritional care for children at the beginning of pregnancy and continuing to the preschool age, as well as the importance of breastfeeding. Families were found to be a key factor in supporting good nutrition among children.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Among the 13 species of otters in the world, only one Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is found in South Korea. In the Korean Peninsula, otter pelts were historically valuable and expensive commodities used for international trade, and otters have long been poached as hunting animals. Recent rapid economic development in South Korea has increased habitat fragmentation and loss, creating a continuing threat to the natural environment. Otters live only in the area of rivers and streams as a family group and are territorial (linear habitat). Due to these limited conditions of otter habitat, the population size of otter is lower than that of onshore mammals. According to recent research, DNA analyses using microsatellite markers have shown that only approximately 7-21 otter individuals inhabit river systems for a length of 50-230 km. Korea's urban streams are associated with many threats that hinder otters from inhabiting them. Many areas around the urban streams are surrounded by high concrete riverbanks, and the risk of roadkill is also high. Nevertheless, ecological restoration projects in the urban rivers will contribute greatly to the stable inhabitation of otters. Detailed otter conservation strategies, such as the elimination of threat factors, improvement of habitat environment, and restoration of food resources and shelter, will provide a positive restoration effect on otter and river ecosystems as well.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.249-256
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• 2020

Historical construction health and safety (H&S) challenges, in terms of a range of resources and issues, continue to be experienced, namely design process-related hazards are encountered on site, workers are unaware of the hazards and risks related to the construction process and its activities, activities are commenced on site without adequate hazard identification and risk assessments (HIRAs), difficulty is experienced in terms of real time monitoring of construction-related activities, workers handle heavy materials, plant, and equipment, and ultimately the experience of injuries. Given the abovementioned, and the advent of Industry 4.0, a quantitative study, which entailed the completion of a self-administered questionnaire online, was conducted among registered professional (Pr) and candidate Construction H&S Agents, to determine the potential of Industry 4.0 to contribute to resolving the challenges cited. The findings indicate that Industry 4.0 technologies such as augmented reality (AR), drone technology, virtual reality (VR), VR based H&S training, and wearable technology /sensors have the potential to resolve the cited H&S challenges as experienced in construction. Conclusions include that Industry 4.0 technologies can finally address the persistent H&S challenges experienced in construction. Recommendations include: employer associations, professional associations, and statutory councils should raise the level of awareness relative to the potential implementation of Industry 4.0 relative to H&S in construction; case studies should be documented and shared; tertiary construction management education programmes should integrate Industry 4.0 into all possible modules, especially H&S-related modules, and continuing professional development (CPD) H&S should address Industry 4.0.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.195-199
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• 2015

Many conventional management methods have emphasized the minimization of required resources along the supply chain. Accordingly, this paper presents a proposed method called the Virtual Design and Construction (VDC)-aided system. It is based on object-oriented resource control, in order to accomplish a feed-forward control monitoring supply chain logistics. The system is supported by two main parts: (1) IT-based Technologies; and (2) VDC Models. They enable the system to convey proactive information from the detection technology to its linked visualization. The paper includes a field study as the system's pre-test: the Scaffolding Works in a LNG Mega Project. The study demonstrates a system of real-time productivity monitoring by use of the RFIDbased Mobile Information Hub. The on-line 'productivity dashboard' provides an opportunity to display the continuing processes for each work-package. This research project offers the observed opportunities created by the developed system. Future work will entail research experiments aimed towards system validation.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.246-260
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• 2023

With the advent of COVID-19, the world economy has undergone enormous losses and unprecedented crises. Moreover, this pandemic has put a significant effect on all business organizations, comprising the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) sector. MSMEs have been continuing to develop business strategies and are eager to compete in the market. The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the full focus of MSMEs from 'business growth' to 'business survival' worldwide. E-commerce readiness plays a crucial role in a time of uncertainty and crisis during COVID-19 and affects the durability and sustainability of the business. This study attempts to study the readiness of online business and "E-commerce" adoption of MSMEs and its contribution to economic growth by utilizing both qualitative and quantitative techniques in the case of India. We use content analysis to determine the readiness of online business and Ecommerce in the post COVID-19 period. The result highlights the specific issues of this sector such as the shortage of resources and disruptions in the supply chain & logistical issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative analysis discloses that almost half of the respondents adopt online platforms along with additional challenges to sustain their business during the pandemic. This study utilizes annual time series data for the period from 1973-74 to 2017-18 to understand the long-run relationship between India's GDP and MSMEs units. By utilizing the co-integration technique, this study reveals that there is a long-run relationship between MSME units and the economic growth of this country.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.93-110
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• 2015

This research examined the transformations of the fisheries relations between Japan and Russia since the establishment of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) system. The author reviewed the transformations with investigation on mutual fishing access to EEZ including salmon & trout catches. The Japan-Russia fisheries relations have evolved through multiple developmental stages, which include mutual fishing access to EEZ, the reductions of a fishing quota to balance catches of the nations, provision of financial and technical support, and a payment system of EEZ fishing access fee. The Japanese salmon industry also has done similar practices, continuing to catch salmon and trout in the Russian EEZ. Additionally, Japan and Russia have attempted to develop joint fisheries projects and to assure fishing operation safety around Kuril Islands. The case of Japan-Russia mutual fishing access shows that a country that has authority over crucial fisheries resources tends to establish specific conditions of mutual fishing access so that it maximizes its national interest. Thus, this case gives us implication what could be future directions of Korea-China-Japan multinational fishing access. The principle of same number of fishing vessels and quantities of catches has worked in existing mutual fishing access to EEZ among Korea, China, and Japan. However, it is expected that a nation that is endowed with abundant fisheries resources would limit counterpart's fishing access to its EEZ. Therefore, Korean fisheries administration should prepare for all possible situations like a dramatic cut in fishing quota and the termination of fishing access. International fisheries cooperation and payment of fishing access could be viable options for such a situation.