• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.771-786
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• 2021

This study was performed to investigate the contents of fat-soluble nutrients (tocopherols, retinol, carotenoids, fatty acids, and cholesterol) and phospholipids (PLs) in seven types (imported SPA, SPS, SFS, and SSI; and domestic MLM, MPM, and NIX) of commercial infant formulas (IFs). The contents of tocopherol and retinol activity equivalent (RAE) in the seven IFs were 1.42 - 3.86 mg α-TE·100 kcal^-1 and 64.90 - 144.95 ㎍ RAE·100 kcal^-1, respectively. The imported IFs contained high contents of lutein + zeaxanthin (29.68 - 32.49 ㎍·100 g^-1) and lycopene (71.80 - 93.28 ㎍·100 g^-1), while the domestic IFs did not contain lycopene. The contents of linoleic acid (C18:2) and α-linolenic acid (C18:3) in the seven IFs were also within the recommended ranges (C18:2, 300 - 1,400 mg·100 kcal^-1 and C18:3, over 50 mg·100 kcal^-1) of Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The ratio of arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6) was 2.42 - 2.74 in the imported IFs and 0.96 - 1.08 in the domestic IFs. However, the DHA content of the domestic IFs (0.37 - 0.65 g·100 g^-1 fat%) was much higher than that of the imported IFs (0.16 - 0.18%). Total PL contents were 108.02 - 135.93 mg·100 kcal^-1 for the domestic IFs and 6.05 - 66.70 mg·100 kcal^-1 for the imported IFs. The main PLs of the domestic IFs were phosphatidyl choline (48.5 - 71.1% of total PLs), phosphatidyl ethanolamine (12.8 - 23.1%), phosphatidyl serine (7.0 - 11.6%), and sphingomyelin (4.3 - 21.5%).

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.299-319
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• 2007

Recently, information portals, national institutions, and integrated information centers, which are eager to acquire quality contents, actively share contents. Korean national knowledge is recognized to be superior in terms of its specialty and reliability. Currently, the distribution of national knowledge in Korea is at the beginning stage as the content sharing was intended to enhance the users' accessibility to the information and ease of information use. In this study, we identified the national knowledge distribution status in Korea and abroad by analyzing the roles of the information providers, information search portals, and Korea Knowledge Portal. We also conducted in-depth interviews with six experts, who represent academic institutions, libraries, specialized information centers, and commercial ventures. To enable effective Korean national knowledge distribution, we generated suggestions for the respective information providing services to share and cooperate based on the analysis and tile Interviews.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.636-643
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• 2013

The current media and content situation is increasingly more competitive and under the radical environment changes, the social & financial position of regional broadcasting companies has been threatened. The internet & mobile based platforms and smart media, however, bring a new opportunity of content distribution. This study analyzes the current status of MBCNET which is the superstation of regional MBC stations and specialists interviews to develop the content distribution strategies of regional broadcasting companies. According to the following: finance, ratings, and new media distribution analysis, the MBCNET outcome is deemed successful based on the content library and regional power. MBCNET utilized opportunity to develop strong content resources and distribution power. In order to maintain its competitive edge, MBCNET needs to adopt the following strategies: content and platform marketing power, research & development of competitive content based on user behavior analysis, and reorganization that is able to counteract N-screen circumstances.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.6B
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• pp.559-567
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• 2009

Distributed Content Delivering Network (DCDN) will make use of the existing resources of the common Internet users in terms of storage space, bandwidth and Internet connectivity to create it. However DCDN has some limitations that are inefficient using of storage space, reliability and having special load balancing (LB) algorithm. So, this paper proposes Re-distribution based CDN (RDCDN) that overcomes the limitations of DCDN. RDCDN has the content re-distribution algorithm and separates surrogates to main surrogate and sub surrogates. Main surrogate can help service reliability be improved by storing all contents as back-up system. And content re-distribution algorithm also can help storage space be saved because all contents are not stored in every surrogate. Especially, when RDCwDN uses content re-distribution algorithm, it can work active load balancing function without extra LB algorithm like as DCDN. Results of simulation show that the proposed architecture can improve reliability and efficiency of storage space, and it also can offer the same performance as that of commercial CDN and DCDN.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.712-720
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• 2016

When bioethanol and water are mixed at a proper ratio, phase separation can occur because of the immiscibility of biobutanol with water. Phase separation in bioethanol blends fuels is a major problem for gasoline vehicle users due to effect of octane number and component corrosion. Thus, in this study, the phase separation of bioethanol was examined effect of bioethanol blends (E3 (3 vo.% bioethanol in gasoline), E5 and E10) in presence of water. The effect were evaluated behavior with phase separation test, simulation test of fuel tank in gas station according to water addition volume and it was investigated change of water content, bioethanol content and octane number for gasoline phase in bioethanol blends (E3, E5 and E10) every 1 week after water addition. The E3 occurred phase separation more easily than the E5 and E10 in small water contents because solubility of water on ethanol content difference in gasoline-ethanol. It was kept a initial level of water content, bioethanol content, and octane number by repeated sample replacing in simulation test of fuel tank.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.19-29
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• 2001

Nutrients are key environmental factors in marine ecosystem. They limit algal growth when at low concentrations and cause algal bloom when at high contents. They also control the growth and succession of many other biota including bacteria and zooplankton, either directly or indirectly. Nutrient contents therefore affect both the structure and functions of marine ecosystem. To study the contents and distribution of nutrients in Chinese Bohai Sea, two cruise surveys were undertaken in August 2000 (summer) and January 2001 (winter), respectively. A total of 595 water samples were collected from 91 sites. After collection the samples were transported to the laboratory and five nutrients, i.e., nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate and silicate, were analyzed. The results showed that tile average concentration of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) in Bohai Sea in winter (6.5293.717 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/) was significantly higher than that in summer (3.717 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/). The phosphorus concentration in winter (0.660 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/) was also significantly higher than that in summer (0.329 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/). Mean silicate concentration in winter (7.858 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/) was not significantly different from that in summer (7.200 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/). Nutrients also varied considerable among different areas within Bohai Sea. TIN concentration in Laizhou Bay (4.444 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/), for example, was significantly higher than those in Bohai Bay (2.270 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/) and Bohai Straight (2.431 ${\mu}$mol$.$l$\^$-1/), which probably reflects tile discharge of large amounts of nitrogen into Laizhou Bay via Yellow River. The nutrients also showed vertical distribution pattern. In summer, nutrients in bottom layer were generally higher than those in surface and medium layers. In winter, however. nutrients in different layers were not significantly different Compared with historic data, TIN contents increased continuously since early 1980s, phosphorus arid silicone contents, nevertheless, fell down to some degree. Based on atomic ratios of different nutrients, nitrogen is still the main limiting factor for algal growth in Bohai Sea.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.83-91
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• 2019

Purpose - Media is a significant distributional channel in sport. In terms of determining the influencer in building sport media contents, recent sport media studies have employed agenda-setting theory, assuming media itself as the agenda provider. In a real-world situation, however, sports stars have been deemed key factor determining distribution contents in sport. The starting point of this study is the "tacit premise" of agenda-setting theory. Given the agenda-setting theory, the current study attempted to explore the function of sport stars as an agenda provider, which is a key determinant of sport distribution. Research design, data, and methodology - This study has reviewed articles of Yuna Kim, Sang-hwa Lee, and Hyun-jin Ryu from daily newspapers including as dong-a ilbo and joongang ilbo (2013 to 2017). The study collected data, portable document format (PDF), from the online archive of dong-a ilbo and joongang ilbo. We coded the length of the article, the frequency, the size of the picture, and the structural form of the article. Inter-coder reliability was compared with data previously investigated by the researcher. Inter-coder reliabilities for study 1 and 2 was .89 and .85. To examine hypotheses, descriptive analysis, correlations, and cross-tap analysis were performed. Results - The results partially supported the hypotheses proposing the significant role of sports stars as the agenda setters in distributing sport media contents. In specific, the study found that the number of articles about sports stars prevailed the number of articles about regular athletes. Besides, studies found that the use of photos was more frequent in articles of sports starts than that of regular athletes. In sports newspaper articles, featured story articles were used more than straight-articles for news relating to sports stars. Also, sports newspaper of sports stars contained more information associated within an event rather than outside of an event. Conclusions - In sports journalism, this study challenges the current theory that the media affects the composition and the content of sports coverages. As the principle of the agenda-setting of sports media, the influence of sports stars must be continuously studied along with a follow-up study.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.197-218
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• 2010

Korean Government has invested a lot of efforts on digital contents industry. It believes that the digital contents industry enables Korea to regain the reputation of the most powerful IT country. Among its various efforts to promote the digital contents industry, a Digital Contents Identifier System, called UCI(Universal Contents Identifier), has been developed and deployed. UCI has provided a critical infrastructure for digital contents production and distribution. Thanks to Korean Government's efforts, users (companies and individuals) have currently registered 3.8 million digital contents through 25 RA organizations. Although the number of registered contents has been increased rapidly, many organizations hesitate to adopt the UCI system due to the lack of visible and short-term returns from the UCI system. Thus, this research tries to explore factors which affect UCI user satisfaction. This research finds that user's awareness, information quality, and service quality are the critical influencing factors toward UCI user satisfaction. In addition, this research finds that the critical influencing factors in public organizations are different from the critical influencing factors in private organizations. These findings hopefully provide useful guidelines for disseminating the UCI system widely.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose contents authoring, management, and distribution technologies where the contents registered in secure storage through a content acquisition and authoring tool can be used as a common experience in smartphones, smart pads, and PCs. Currently, many people are producing and consuming various types of contents in bulk, and it is expected that real-time contents and old contents coexist as IoT(Internet of Things) technology is commonly deployed in the future. Therefore, we need to develop a differentiated service that can compete with global services in contents authoring and collaboration systems to create new markets. Accordingly, we implemented an authoring service platform to occupy cloud markets with high quality contents produced through collaboration.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.230-232
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• 2005

This paper proposes a Distributed Transaction models based on the multimedia framework (MPEG-21) in digital convergence environment. Digital media market is growing up rapidly according to the extension of internet and universality of multimedia contents. So, importance of the effective management with the production and distribution of produced multimedia contents is becoming larger. For effective management of multimedia contents, the multimedia contents which are represented with different standard each other can be processed adaptively in the variable network environment. A free compatibility among the different terminals and standards are the essential particular should be offered for the digital convergence environment. A multimedia framework supports this compatibility and various multimedia services. In this paper, the Distributed Transaction models that multimedia contents can be circulated among the individual users safely and freely are proposed and the relation technologies are described.