• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.73-87
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• 1981

Generation of Solid Wastes grew rapidly with the increase of living standard of the people in Korea recently and their composition was more complicate. The weight of Solid wastes generated in Seoul into year of 1979 was about 420 million tons which required 1.5 million $m^2$ of burial land and daily generation for person was 1.6kg. The Composition of more than 80% ash contents was suitable for sanitary landfill but recently ash was decreasing while paper, synthetic materials, glass etc, increasing and alternative method had to be found to dispose the wastes properly. Weight and Composition of Wastes by season and living standard were surveyed for one year from June 1980 to May 1981 in Seoul. Disposal mathods by waste composition was studied. Results were summarized as follows: 1) Each component stored separately at generation point was to be collected and to be reused or disposed by public organization or private company. Some incentives have to be arranged. 2) Wastes collected from household were transfeted to about 420 temporally storing places and transported to two dumping areas by about 700, 4-8 tons trucks which droped litters on the streets. Large dumping lots should constructed along the western coasts and the wastes would be transported through big container trucks or trains to the lots. 3) Ash contents decreased to 40-70% while garbage, synthetic materials, paper increased and they are two to three times in summer of those in winter. Ash in affluent residential areas is less than 50% of whole wastes while that in poor apartment and residential areas is 60-70%. 4) Large dumping places should be constructed along the western coasts which are not far from Seoul because no suitalbe lands are available, and proper leakage protection arrangements should be made.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.516-519
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing whole crop corn silage (WCCS) with whole crop rice silage (WCRS) in the total mixed ration (TMR) on nutrient intake, milk yield and its composition in Holstein cows. The Chucheong rice variety (Oryza sativa L. Japonica) and corn (Pioneer 32 P75) were harvested at yellow-ripe stage and were ensiled in round bales and in trench silos, respectively. Two TMR containing either WCCS or WCRS were prepared. These diets were randomly assigned to 16 midlactating Holstein cows (8 cows per treatment) and were fed for 120 days. The first 20 days were used for dietary adaptation and for the next 100 days daily feed intake, milk yield and its composition were recorded. The pH, lactic acid, NDF, ADF, CP, Ca and P contents were similar in WCRS and WCCS. The DM, ash and EE contents of WCRS were greater compared with WCCS. Nutrient (DM, NDF, TDN and CP) intakes were similar in cows fed WCCS- and WCRS-based TMR. Daily and 4% fat corrected milk yield were not affected by the treatments. Milk composition (percent milk fat, protein, lactose and total solids) was similar in cows fed either WCCS- or WCRSbased TMR. The concentration of milk urea N was greater in cows fed WCRS-based TMR than those fed WCCS-based TMR. In conclusion, round-baled WCRS can replace WCCS in the diet of mid- to late-lactating Holsteins without any deleterious effects on feed consumption, milk yield and its composition. The present findings raise the possibility that WCRS can be used as an alternative roughage source in the diets of dairy cows in countries with surplus rice production.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.192-198
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of fish oil supplementation with low does on the lipid concentration and fatty acid composition of plasma and the fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipid and erythrocyte of infants. Among 18 breast-fed infants, 6 were in control group and 12 were in fish oil groups. The subjects in fish oil groups were nursed by their mothers who supplemented with fish oil 1.96g/d or 3.92g/d, respectively for 2 weeks from 10 to 12 weeks postpartum. The nursing mothers consumed their usual diets at home. Blood samples were collected at the final day of experiment. There were no significant changes in daily intakes of total lipid, triglyceride, free fatty acid, phospholipid and cholesterol of infants by fish oil supplementation. However, the content of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)increased and that of ARA (arachidonic acid) decreaed significantly in plasma PC(phophatidylchline). And also, there were tendencies to increase triglyceride concentration and to decrease cholesterol and phopholipid concentrations of plasma. As the above results, atherogenic index (AI) showed a tendency to decrease, but not significant. DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA contents in plasma PC and PE (phosphatidylethanolamin) as well as those of erythrocyte tended to increase. In these results, we concluded that fish oil supplementation with low dose to lactating women does not obviously affect of the plasma lipid concentrations and fatty acid composition of plasma PC and PE as well as erythrocyte. However the increase of EPA content of plasma PC and the tendency to increase DHA and EPA contents of plasma as well as erythrocyte membrane indicate that there may be some beneficial effect on infant lipid metabolism of fish oil intake of nutsing mother were increased.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.30 no.4 s.111
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• pp.235-241
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• 2005

For better and large utilization of rice husk, the production and consumption status, differences in chemical composition and heating value due to region and variety, and thermogravimetric characteristic of rice husk were studied. In addition, the differences in chemical composition due to region and variety and the crystallization characteristic of rice husk ash were also studied. Approximately 800,000 M/T of rice husk was produced per year in Korea, which is about $18\%$ of the paddy production by weight. Noticeable varietal and regional difference pattern in chemical composition was not found among the domestic rice husk samples. Their average ash content and higher heating value were $16.4\%$ and 16,660 kJ/kg by dry basis, respectively. A relation seemed to exist between the carbon content and higher heating value. Noticeable difference pattern in chemical composition was not found among the domestic rice husk ash samples. The $SiO_2$ contents were a little low, the maximum being $92.9\%,$ and the contents of major components such as CaO, MgO, and $K_2O$ were also lower compared with foreign rice husk ash due to the deficiency of compost matters in domestic soils. Thermogravimetry study showed the thermal decomposition of rice husk started at about $250^{\circ}C,$ followed by relatively fast combustion of combustible gas until the temperature rose to $350^{\circ}C.$ After $350^{\circ}C,$ combustion of the carbon component proceeded relatively slowly as the temperature increased. Therefore, the ignition temperature of the rice husk could be estimated around $300^{\circ}C$. Crystallization of $SiO_2$ in the rice husk ash was found from the combustion temperature of $750^{\circ}C$ and became distinctly when the combustion temperature exceeded $900^{\circ}C$. The ash became darker with $SiO_2$ crystallization.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.68-79
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• 2012

In film various techniques interact organically in order to bring a story to life and, by doing so, influence the audience's perception. The techniques composing the form of a film are part of a format-system and therefore have to be well adjusted to the content of the film to trigger an intended effect. It is then that these techniques boost the intensity of the audience's emotional experience. The subject of analysis in this study of aesthetic composition, which is part of the concept of visual narrative, is the movie "Silence", which depicts a disturbing story based on real events. The goal of this study is the analysis of composition techniques used to support the film's narrative structure, where elaborate frame-composition and techniques are applied with great efficiency. Another goal is also to illustrate the meaning of film-format and its importance. Looking deeper into the question of how meaning and emotions, which are inherent in a film, finally manifest themselves on screen through a single shot, where the cinematographer's ideas and aesthetic vision come together and also the question of how a narrative structure in the context of a film works- these questions are the essence of this study.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.1509-1516
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• 2017

In first-person perspective training system, the users needs realistic experience. For providing this experience, the system should offer the users virtual and real images at the same time. We propose an automatic a persons's arm segmentation and image composition method. It consists of arm segmentation part and image composition part. Arm segmentation uses an arbitrary image as input and outputs arm segment or alpha matte. It enables end-to-end learning because we make use of FCN in this part. Image composition part conducts image combination between the result of arm segmentation and other image like road, building, etc. To train the network in arm segmentation, we used arm images through dividing the videos that we took ourselves for the training data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.558-567
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• 2019

This study examined the effects of complex dance program(ballet, contemporary dance, yoga) on the body composition, BDNF, and serotonin of delivery women, by providing this program for 12 weeks to 14 women(within one year delivery: seven woman, 1-3 years after delivery: seven women). In the results of body composition, in the main effects in accordance with period, both groups showed significant decreases of body fat percentage. The fat-free mass was significantly increased in the group of women within one year after childbirth(t=3.821, p=.009). Regarding BDNF and serotonin, there were no interactive effects between groups and periods while the main effects did not show differences between groups and periods(p>.05). In the results of correlation analysis and regression analysis on BDNF, body composition, and serotonin, the BDNF and serotonin showed the positive correlation(p=.025). In the results of simple regression analysis, the explanatory power was 17.9%(r=.424, $r^2=.179$).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.572-577
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• 2019

This study aims to classify and examine Changjak Gukak composed by composers who majored in Western music and help the composers with the composition of Changjak Gukak. As a result, it was investigated that Korean traditional musical elements have been used on the basis of the traditional or modern Western composition technique. The traditional composition techniques such as motive, theme, keys, homophony, contrapuntal methods, fugue form, sonata form, baroque concerto form and borrowing of Western art works have been used, and the contemporary composition techniques such as timber melody, a-tonality, irregular meter, poly rhythm and aleatory have been used. In addition, it reflects the Korean expression and identity by applying the Korean traditional instruments, Sigimsae, Jangdan, traditional scale and mode, form and melody.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.203-208
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• 2005

The aim of this experiment was to determine the chemical composition of six commonly utilized fodder trees and shrub species in Turkey, namely Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Carpinus betilus, Juniperus communis, Quercus libari L and Pistica lentiscus and its relationship with gas production and estimated parameters when incubated with rumen fluid in vitro. There were significant (p<0.001) differences between leaves in terms of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), total condensed tannin (TCT), bound condensed tannin (BCT) and soluble condensed tannin (SCT). Crude protein contents ranged from 5.74% (Juniperus communis) to 12.59% (Glycrrhiza glabra L). Acid detergent fiber contents ranged from 25.14% (Glycrrhiza glabra L) to 39.23% (Juniperus communis). Total condensed tannin (TCT) contents of leaves ranged from 4.34% (Quercus libari L) to 20.34% (Juniperus communis). Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and total condensed tannin contents of leaves were negatively correlated with gas productions and some estimated parameters. Potential gas productions (A) of Glycrrhiza glabra L, Arbutus andrachne, Quercus libari L and Pistica lentiscus were significantly (p<0.001) higher than those of Carpinus betilus and Juniperus communis whereas gas production rate (${\mu}_{24}$) of Pistica lentiscus was significantly (p<0.001) higher than the others. Time (h) to produce 50% of total gas pool size ($T_{50}$) of Juniperus communis was significantly (p<0.001) lower than that of Carpinus betilus whereas time (h) to produce 90% of total gas pool size ($T_{90}$) of Juniperus communis was significantly lower than the others except for Pistica lentiscus. The metabolizable energy (ME) contents of leaves ranged from 8.86 to 10.39 MJ $kg^{-1}$ DM. The results obtained in this study suggested that browse species had a significant effect on chemical composition, gas production and estimated parameters of leaves. Leaves from Glycrrhiza glabra L with a considerable amount of CP had a high rank value in terms of ME. Therefore leaves from Glycrrhiza glabra L may have a high potential value for small ruminant animals in terms of rumen and whole digestibility. Leaves from other species studied require protein supplementation when they are the only feed consumed by ruminant animals.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.182-187
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• 2000

For centuries, dandelion(Taraxacum officinale) is widely used as a food and a medicinal herb. However, there is inadequate documented information on the chemical composition of T. officinale consumed in korea. This study was attempted to analyze proximate component, amino acid, free sugar, mineral and fatty acid composition in T. officinale to establish the value as an useful food material. Moisture, ash, crude protein and fat contents in leaf are 7.85, 11.35 21.6 and 5.12%, respectively. Moisture and ash contents of root were 7.73 and 4.82%. Crude protein and fat contents of root were 11.8 and 1.73%, respectively. The major free amino acid was asparagine, arginine, serine and proline etc. The total contents of free amino acid in leaf and root were 1476.98 and 2710.06 mg%, respectively. The major free sugar in T. officinale was glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose. Sucrose was also detected in a large amount. The major fatty acid of T. officinale are palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoeic acid and linolenic acid. The fatty acid compositions of leaf and root were different each other. Linolenic acid(63.6%) was the major fatty acid of the leaf and linoleic acid(56.4%) was the major fatty acid of the root. Most of mineral contents were high in leaf and root. Especially K content was higher in leaf than root.