• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find the complementary idea of the psychological elements in aesthetic expression of architectural space in the sense of healing. Marks $L\ddot{u}scher$, the swiss psychologist suggested reasonable categories of emotional character according to the couple combinations among Content, Self-Esteem, Confidence, and Liberty. His theory on healing is not only the concept but the practical method to understand and control the conflict between contrary elements of emotion. Compared to the Freud's objective theory of cause and consequence, his idea is focused on the subjective and autonomous harmony. This theory based on complementary idea is applied to psychological attitude of architects on Spatial Expression in this study. Refuge, Prospect, Flow and Void are assumed as equivalent spatial elements to the four major emotional conditions suggested by $M.L\ddot{u}scher$. The couple combinations among them also characterize the architectural characters definitely and it is expected to be the reasonable criteria in analysing aesthetic value and motive of creating human space.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2007

The concept and spatial composition of office have endlessly changed according to social trend. And according to social change, members of office, namely, concept of organization has been changed. Presently, our society finds and needs appearance of office suitable for our society. According to a concept of ecological environment and a concept laying stress on human, various trials have been performed but still, stress of salaried men is treated as social issue. By having connection between psychological healing theory of Max $L{\ddot{\bar{u}}}scher$ and spatial expression elements (content : refuge, self-esteem : prospect, confidence : flow, liberty : void) as a theory, we discussed possibility of aesthetic office landscape could be developed to a type of office which could control emotion that can be a cause of stress and we intended to examine limitation and possibility through case analysis.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2006년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.416-419
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• 2006

Not only is home a place, but also it has psychological and social meaning. Then the meaning of home is different according to geographical location or group. Therefore, under this background, the purpose of this study was to analyze the meaning of home of the university students. The data was collected through the students ' essay about "the meaning of housing for me". The samples are 158 in total. The research method which was performed in order to recognize the meaning of home was a content analysis . As the results of study, the meaning of home are 10 in total. First order is a home as a refuge, second order is a home as a space with a family, and third order is a home as a base of activity.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

This study is the analysis of characteristics of hospital space for the holistic healing environment of children on the basis of the healing theory on emotion of Max L$\ddot{u}$scher and the healing theory on senses of Rudolf Steiner of the overseas children's hospitals. According to the theory of Rudolf Steiner, children make comprehensive advancement of physical, spirit and soul through the interaction of 12 senses. In addition, Max Luscher asserts that the psychological health can be maintained when the 4 emotional status in content, confidence, self-esteem and liberty make the balance. The 4 elements of Luscher have correspond with spatial expression elements for refuge, flow, prospect and void, and this is analyzed in conjunction with the eight kinds of behavior affordance of ying and yang (-, +) that helps our the advancement of 12 senses of Steiner. WORK & STUDY(+), REST(-), MOBILITY(+), VISUAL SEQUENCE(-), SOCIAL EXCHANGE(+), REFRESHMENT(-), COMMUNITY(+) and MEDITATION (-) would be the 8 kinds of behavioral affordances to make the healing environment as presented in this study and the case analysis for children's hospitals have been undertaken.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2023

Haeju was home to the Hwanghae-do Provincial Office and a hub for supporting the northwestern regions of Korea. Local commerce expanded in Haeju during the late Joseon period based on its abundant resources and regional products, leading it to evolve into a large city. King Seonjo temporarily resided in Haeju while seeking refuge from the Japanese Invasions of Korea, and Yi Yi (sobriquet: Yulgok) secluded himself in Seokdam in Haeju in his later years. King Seonjo's residence in Haeju and Yi Yi's retirement there boosted interest in the city among the literati and influenced its places of scenic beauty. The development of its local history and literary achievements were documented in a wide variety of historical records and visual materials. Eight scenic views in Haeju became famous through a poem written by Seong Su-ik in the late sixteenth century. Around the mid-eighteenth century, eight new scenic views became popular. Local officials and travelers from other regions produced a vast body of prose and poetry focusing on the landscape and society of Haeju, playing a crucial role in raising awareness of its scenic attractions. Most surviving visual materials related to Haeju were created in and after the nineteenth century. Many of them illustrate both landscapes and the everyday lives of people. Among them, paintings of scenic spots created by Jeong Seon (sobriquet: Gyeomjae), who never actually visited Haeju in person, raises some of the issues posed by relying on indirect materials. In contrast, Eight Scenic Views of Haeju, which is presumed to have been produced by a local painter, appears to have accurately highlighted the characteristics of each scenic spot. Moreover, Haejudo, a folding screen presenting a panoramic view of Haeju, incorporates content from paintings depicting eight scenic views, in this case Eight Scenic views of Haeju. This practice can be observed in visual materials of other provincial cities.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 둠벙의 수서곤충군집과 식물 군집에 영향을 주는 수환경 특성을 확인하고자 민통선에 존재하는 5개 유형 16개 둠벙을 선택하여 물의 화학적 특성과 둠벙과 주변 환경과의 연결 특성을 조사하였다. 둠벙의 유형으로는 괸물, 괸물-물흐름, 샘통, 괸물-샘통 그리고 물흐름-샘통형을 사용하였다. 연중 이온의 농도 변화는 괸물형 둠벙에서 가장 작았고 샘통형 둠벙에서 가장 컸다. 음이온 농도가 가장 높은 곳은 괸물형 둠벙이었으며, 양이온 농도가 가장 높은 곳은 물흐름-샘통형 둠벙이었다. 연구 장소에서 발견된 식물은 228종이었으며, 이중 습지 식물이 63종이었다. 수서곤충은 95종이 발견되었다. 확인된 희귀식물은 6종이었고, 희귀수서곤충은 4종이었다. 괸물-샘통형 둠벙에서 종풍부도가 가장 높았다. 둠벙의 크기와 종풍부도는 상관관계가 없었으며, 다변량 통계를 통해 분석한 결과 둠벙 유형별로 생물군집에서 차이가 나는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 둠벙에서 수환경 변화와 주변 환경과 둠벙의 연결성이 생물군집에 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었으며, 둠벙은 담수생태계로서 이질성을 높여 농업지역의 생물다양성을 높이는데 기여함을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1982

Alcohol 농도별(濃度別)로 추출(抽出)된 원료삼(原料蔘)(수삼(水蔘),건삼(乾蔘), 미삼(尾蔘)) 엑기스에 대하여 이화학적(理化學的) 특성(特性), 당질(糖質) 및 총질소(總窒素) 함량(含量)을 분석비교(分析比較)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 인삼(人蔘)엑기스는 약간의 점성(粘性)을 가진 끈끈한 차갈색(茶褐色)으로 투광도(透光度)는 인삼(水蔘)이 35.9%, 건삼(乾蔘)이 29.2%, 미삼(尾蔘)이 28.9%이며, 이들은 산성(酸性)(pH 4.8-6.2)을 띄는 액상(液相)이었다. 2. 총당(總糖), 자당(蔗糖), 전분(澱粉)은 알콜농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)함에 따라 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)이었으며, 원료삼별(原料蔘別)로는 총당함량(總糖含量)이 건삼(乾蔘), 미삼(尾蔘), 수삼(水蔘)의 순(順)이고, 자당함량(蔗糖含量)은 수삼(水蔘), 건삼(乾蔘), 미삼(尾蔘)의 순(順)이며, starch함량(含量)은 미삼(尾蔘), 건삼(乾蔘), 수삼(水蔘)의 순(順)으로 많았다. 3. 원원당(遠元糖) 함량(含量)은 수삼(水蔘) 4.9-7.8%, 건삼(乾蔘) 8.6-12.8%, 미삼(尾蔘) 7.6-9.1%의 분포이고, 알콜농도가 증가(增加)함에 따라 수삼(水蔘), 미삼(尾蔘)은 감소(減少)하나 건삼(乾蔘)에서는 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)이었으며 건삼(乾蔘), 미삼(尾蔘), 수삼(水蔘)의 순(順)으로 높은 함량(含量)을 보였다. 4. 총질소(總窒素) 함량(含量)은 수삼(水蔘), 건삼(乾蔘), 미삼(尾蔘)등에서 2.3$\sim$4.6% 내외로서 알콜함량(含量)이 증가(增加)함에 따라 수삼(水蔘)과 건삼(乾蔘)은 증가(增加)하였으나 건삼(尾蔘)은 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)이었고, 원삼별로(原料蔘別)로는 건삼(乾蔘), 수삼(水蔘), 미삼(尾蔘)의 순(順)으로 많은 함량(含量)을 보였다.ast and present culture of the area. Colored tiles and plant boxes attached to benches are introduced. The Dangsan park is a sacred space where modem people can feel the sacredness of nature arid of being in a refuge. Dangjib, Dangnamu, multi-purpose plaza, athletic facilities, and playground for infants are introduced. The Nature Street is a space for feeling and teaming nature which has disappeared from the area leading to the river and a space for community participation. The elementary school walls were demolished and nature education spaces, such as butterfly and dragonfly garden, ecological pond, wildflower garden, etc., which are related to school education, are introduced. The Ferry Space is a space symbolizing a old ferry crossing and an entrance plaza to a bridge for "Sunyu-do\" . A boat-shaped deck, an elevator for handicap people, and parking space are introduced. In conclusion, sustainable management