• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.794-799
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• 1997

The effective fermentation methods of Kimchi juice for utilization of outer layer of Chinese cabbage, an waste of Kimchi industry were studied. The Kimchi juice prepared with brining and grinding the waste of Chinese cabbage and addition of spices was fermented at $25^{\circ}C$. Addition of 5$^{\circ}C$15% fermented Kimchi juice of pH 5.4 at initial stage and pH 4.4 at middle state resulted in a significant increase in fermentation rate and solid content after 12 hours of fermentation. The combined method of enzymatic hydrolysis(0.1% viscozyme) of the brined and ground cabbage and addition of 2.0% NaCl, 1.0% sucrose and 10% fermented juice of pH 5.4 first and 4.4 during fermentation, respectively resulted in more rapid fermentation. The solid concentration was 5 times higher than control at maximum point and acidic and total flavor intensity were also significantly high.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.911-919
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• 1997

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of caffeine levels on calcium utilization in rats of different age and sex. Calcium utilization was compared in rats of different age(4 weeks and 10 months) and sex that were fed various levels of caffeine (0, 3.5, and 7mg/100g body weight) for 3 weeks. There was no significant difference in feed intake, serum calcium level, and ash content in tibia among the groups. Fecal calcium excretion was lower in young rats than in adults, Urinary calcium excretion significantly higher in the caffeine groups than that in the no-caffeine group. Daily retention and apparent absorbability of calcium in young rats were higher than those in adult rats. However, there was no significant difference among groups of different sex and caffeine levels. The results of this study suggest that caffeine consumption promotes urinary calcium excretion.

• Mycobiology
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.196-204
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• 2007

The growth and bioconversion potential of selected strains growing on cassava waste substrate during solid state fermentation were assessed. Rhizopus stolonifer showed the highest and the fastest utilization of starch and cellulose in the cassava waste substrate. It showed 70% starch utilization and 81% cellulose utilization within eight days. The release of reducing sugars indicating the substrate saccharification or degradation potential of the organisms reached the highest value of 406.5 mg/g by R. stolonifer on cassava waste during the eighth day of fermentation. The protein content was gradually increased (89.4 mg/g) on the eighth day of fermentation in cassava waste by R. stolonifer. The cellulase and amylase activity is higher in R. stolonifer than A. niger and P. chrysosporium. The molecular mass of purified amylase and cellulase seemed to be 75 KDal, 85 KDal respectively.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of iron and selenium intakes on utilization of manganese in rats fed adequate, 2-fold, 4-fold iron and adequate, high selenium for 6 weeks. There was no difference feed intake across iron and selenium containing diet groups. Body weight gain in 2-fold iron and high selenium group(MFeHSe) was significantly higher than those in other groups. Serum iron level was increased with iron increment, and liver iron content was decreased with selenium supplementation. Selenium and manganese contents in tissues were decreased with iron increment. In the case of manganese balance, manganese excretion through feces was significantly increased as iron intake was increased. However, retention and apparent absorption of manganese were not significantly affected by dietary iron. From these results, it could be suggested that the supplementations of iron and selenium affected the manganese utilization. Therefore, it must be considered interaction with various minerals in micro-nutrient supplementations.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.928-934
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences of Ca, Mg and Zn utilization in young and adult rats fed standard diet for 3 weeks. Feed intake and body weight gain in young rats were significantly higher than in adult. There were no significant differences in serum levels of Ca and Zn across age and sex. In liver of young or male groups, Ca and Zn contents were significantly higher than in adult or female. There were no significant differences in tibia contents of Ca and Mg, but Zn content was increased when young or female groups was compared with the other groups. In mineral balances, daily intakes and retentions of Ca, Mg and Zn in young or male groups were significantly higher than those in adult or female. According to this results, it could be suggested that in growth period must be increased dietary intake of Ca, Mg and Zn to compromise the requirement for growth.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.7-12
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• 1998

The waste sludge is by-produced about 20-30% of total production and arised to the severe problems of this mine's surrounding environmnet. This study was invested the composition of component, particle of size of the waste sludge by Chemical Analysis, X, R, D, Particle Size Analyzer and the physical properties (air content, slump, strength, etc) of concrete when the waste sludge is added into concrete. so, It's recomended the proper content of the waste sludge to be added into concrete. and then, is verified to be applied at batch plant in field. Above the results, the recomeded content of the waste sludge is about 2-4% (about 4-8% in cement) in aggregates and when it's added the recomended content, they are detected to be more or less changed the physical properties of concrete, ( equally strength and durability, little less air con tent, little increased shinkage, etc). but the application of the recomended content don't arise the problem of the basic quality control of concrete and physical properties.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1982

우리나라에 있어서 목재는 중요(重要)한 자재(資財)의 하나이다. 그 이용(移用)에 중요(重要)한 성질(性質)의 하나인 평형함수율(平衡含水率)을 알기 위해 소나무, 미송(美松), 신갈나무 및 라왕등 널리 사용(使用)되고 있는 수종의 횡단면(橫斷面)으로 짝지워진 생재(生材)와 전건재(全乾材)를 공시(供試)하여 서울, 춘천(春川), 대전(大田), 경주(慶州), 진주(晋州), 광주(光州)등 6개 지방(地方)에 소재(所在)하는 임업시험장(林業試驗場)의 백엽상(白葉箱)을 이용(利用)하여서 4년간(四年間)(1970. 1 ~ 1973. 12) 시험(試驗)하여 구한 방습평형함수율(放濕平衡含水率)과 흡습평형함수율(吸濕平衡含水率) 그리고 기후치평형함수율(氣候値平衡含水率)등은 다음과 같다. 1. 소나무, 미송(美松), 신갈나무 및 레드라왕의 방습평형함수율(放濕平衡含水率)은 각각 14.8%, 13.7%, 14.0%, 14.2%이었고, 흡습평형함수율(吸濕平衡含水率)보다 크게 나타났다. 2. 중부지방(中部地方)(서울, 춘천(春川), 대전(大田))의 평형함수율(平衡含水率)은 남부지방(南部地方)(경주(慶州), 진주(晋州), 광주(光州)) 보다 크게 나타났다. 3. 년중(年中) 평형함수율(平衡含水率)은 지방(地方)에 따라 약간 차이가 있었으나 4월(月)이 최저(最低)였고, 8월(月)이 최고(最高)였다. 4. 전국(全國)의 평형함수율(平衡含水率)의 평균(平均)과 범위는 방습평형함수율(放濕平衡含水率) 12.3 ~ 14.2 ~ 15.7(%), 흡습평형함수율(吸濕平衡含水率) 11.3 ~ 13.2 ~ 14.7(%), 기후치평형함수율(氣候値平衡含水率) 12.0 ~ 14.1 ~ 16.4(%) 이었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1278-1284
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• 2016

Rhizopus chinensis cells immobilized on loofah (Luffa cylindrica) sponges were used to produce biodiesel via the transesterification of soybean oil. In whole-cell immobilization, loofah sponge is considered to be a superior alternative to conventional biomass carriers because of its biodegradable and renewable properties. During cell cultivation, Rhizopus chinensis mycelia can spontaneously and firmly adhere to the surface of loofah sponge particles. The optimal conditions for processing 9.65 g soybean oil at 40℃ and 180 rpm using a 3:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio were found to be 8% cell addition and 3-10% water content (depending on the oil's weight). Under optimal conditions, an over 90% methyl ester yield was achieved after the first reaction batch. The operational stability of immobilized Rhizopus chinensis cells was assayed utilizing a 1:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, thus resulting in a 16.5-fold increase in half-life when compared with immobilized cells of the widely studied Rhizopus oryzae. These results suggest that transesterification of vegetable oil using Rhizopus chinensis whole cells immobilized onto loofah sponge is an effective approach for biodiesel production.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.2408-2412
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• 2013

We demonstrate herein the synthesis and modification of magnetic nanoparticles and its use in the immobilization of the lipase. Magnetic $Fe_3O_4$ nanoparticles (MNPs) were prepared by simple co-precipitation method in aqueous medium and then subsequently modified with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-aminopropyl triethylenesilane (APTES). Silanization magnetic nanoparticles (SMNP) and amino magnetic nanomicrosphere (AMNP) were synthesized successfully. The morphology, structure, magnetic property and chemical composition of the synthetic MNP and its derivatives were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis, X-ray diffraction, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). All of these three nanoparticles exhibited good crystallization performance, apparent superparamagnetism, and the saturation magnetization of MNP, SMNP, AMNP were 47.9 emu/g, 33.0 emu/g and 19.5 emu/g, respectively. The amino content was 5.66%. The AMNP was used to immobilize lipase, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the protein was 26.3 mg/g. The maximum maintained activity (88 percent) was achieved while the amount of immobilized lipase was 23.7 mg $g^{-1}$. Immobilization of enzyme on the magnetic nanoparticles can facilitate the isolation of reaction products from reaction mixture and thus lowers the cost of enzyme application.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2006

인터넷의 발전과 더불어 웹 사이트는 점점 더 복잡해지고 있으며, 사이트의 유지보수에 많은 시간과 비용이 소요된다. 또한 대용량 콘텐츠의 급증으로 서버와 네트워크의 부하가 가중되고 서비스의 질이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 콘텐츠의 구축 및 관리가 용이할 뿐만 아니라, 구축된 콘텐츠의 활용을 극대화하기 위하여, 분산형 콘텐츠 수집 및 탐색에 기반한 머천트(Merchant system)와 개인정보(Personal Information Management System)가 결합된 통합콘텐츠관리시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다.