• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.429-437
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• 2010

As Web technology and functions have recently changed to a user-focused paradigm, new studies are being conducted to construct dynamic learning content that enables the learner's participation and continuous learning in the field of e-learning research and design. This paper covers a study on the degree of difficulty in learner-focused dynamic learning contents to provide efficient learning environments for its adaptation to e-learning 2.0. This study suggests DLA (Dynamic Level Adjustment) to provide learner-focused contents. The suggested system will be a guideline to control and adopt learning content that can be easily applied to the environmental change, and more in-depth future research can be performed by using the system. A dynamic learning content model was made to recognize various learning patterns of learners as a result of the performance evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.44
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• pp.425-446
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• 1997

In recent years, a scholars and a managers in business have taken a more interest on the effects of corporate culture on the organization effectiveness. The corporate culture has been recognized as one of the way to promote the organization performance and cope with the changes of the business environment. Edgar H. Shein defins the corporate culture as the that the pattern of basic assumptions that a given group has invented, discovered or developed in learning to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration. The organization effectiveness is differently defined as the job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment, organizational performance etc. The business culture help the employee (1) understand the values, the tradition, and the different management systems(decision-making basis, promotion, reward, behavior etc.) of the company, (2) make the performance-oriented decison and doings. Consequently, the excellent corporate culture would improve the organizational effectiveness. The purpose of this study is (1) to examine theoretically the content on the corporate culture and the organizational effectiveness, (2) to suggest the direction of the corporate culture management for both the management md the scholars.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.13-28
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• 2008

The concept of health has existed through the history of mankind; the recognition and adaptation of such concept has transformed over time with the development of culture throughout the age of humans. These concept wasn't absent in the content East Asian Medicines, which is represented by Huangdi's Internal Classic. However, due to imperialism and colonial polocies in the past, biomedical concepts of health has been accepted with force. The concept of "health" in pathological medicines of biomedicine refers to the of anatomical and biological completeness of the body system. In East Asia, Korean especially, a number of concepts regarding these subjects has been informed by Japanese physicians, such as Hukujawa Yukichi. Understanding the idea of body in the angle of philosophy, history, and medicine in the cultural area of East Asia is necessary.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2005

A series of heavy section ductile cast iron ingots with the cube length of 250mm were systematically investigated as functions of casting parameters of sand casting. Abnormal graphite formation was specially observed with the variation of Si content and Bi or Sb addition. Effects of chilling during casting and adaptation of riserless system were also examined, and proved to be effective for the prevention of both shrinkage and abnormal graphite such as chunky one. The formation of chunky graphite was effectively prevented by low Si content despite the promotion of pearlite matrix structure. The ferritic matrix was encouraged to form by high Si content and chunky graphite formation was effectively suppressed by the addition of Bi and Sb. Bi addition, however, was not good enough to control the microstructure owing to the sensitive cooling rate dependent inoculation behavior and relative low ability of nodulization. Sb addition, on the other hand, was proved to be effective for the microstructural control and enhancement of various mechanical properties such as strength, elongation, and impact energy. It may be suggested that optimized casting parameters should be applied to produce heavy section ductile cast iron with reliability.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.266-274
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• 2010

This study aim to investigate fundamentally the growth and physiological responses of tomato plants in responses to two different levels of water deficit, a weak drought stress (-25 kPa) and a severe drought stress (-100 kPa) in soil. The two levels of water deficit were maintained using a micro-irrigation system consisted of soil sensors for the real-time monitoring of soil water content and irrigation modules in a greenhouse experiment. Soil water contents were fluctuated throughout the 30 days treatment period but differed between the two treatments with the average -47 kPa in -25 kPa set treatment and the -119 kPa in -100 kPa set treatment. There were significant differences in plant height between the two different soil water statuses in plant height without differences of the number of nodes. The plants grown in the severe water-deficit treatment had greater accumulation of biomass than the plants in the weak water-deficit treatment. The severe water-deficit treatment (-119 kPa) also induced greater leaf area and leaf dry weight of the plants than the weak water-deficit treatment did, even though there was no difference in leaf area per unit dry weight. These results of growth parameters tested in this study indicate that the severe drought could cause an adaptation of tomato plants to the drought stress with the enhancement of biomass and leaf expansion without changes of leaf thickness. Greater relative water content of leaves and lower osmotic potential of sap expressed from turgid leaves were recorded in the severe water deficit treatment than in the weak water deficit treatment. This finding also postulated physiological adaptation to be better water status under drought stress. The drought imposition affected significantly on photosynthesis, water use efficiency and stomatal conductance of tomato plants. The severe water-deficit treatment increased PSII activities and water use efficiency, but decreased stomatal conductance than the weak water-deficit treatment. However, there were no differences between the two treatments in total photosynthetic capacity. Finally, there were no differences in the number and biomass of fruits. These results suggested that tomato plants have an ability to make adaptation to water deficit conditions through changes in leaf morphology, osmotic potentials, and water use efficiency as well as PSII activity. These adaptation responses should be considered in the screening of drought tolerance of tomato plants.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.176-191
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• 2011

Purpose: This methodological study translated, adapted, and validated the evidence based guideline of RNAO (Registered Nurses Association of Ontario) in Canada, for acute stroke care to domestic circumstances. Methods: Quality of the RNAO guideline was evaluated using AGREE tool. Then the guideline was translated into Korean and a preliminary guideline was established After checking content validation by an expert group, the Korean version of the guideline was applied to clinical settings to see its applicability. Results: The RNAO guideline in Korea was deemed appropriate. The Korean version of the guideline was drawn up with 56 items in 3 areas in stroke system related nursing, nursing of acute stroke inpatients, and stroke nursing assessment. A questionnaire survey was performed on appropriateness, enforceability, and applicability of those recommendations. A total of 54 recommendations were finalized after deleting 2 items below CVI 0.7 and correcting 3 items by taking professional advices. After trial application of the guideline to 40 stroke patients hospitalized at a ward of a hospital in Seoul, its performance was improved but was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This guideline is expected to contribute to improving nursing quality by offering it as a guide to evidence based practices for acute stroke care in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.102-114
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• 2022

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) is a gram-negative, broad host range bacterial pathogen which causes soft rot disease in potatoes as well as other vegetables worldwide. While Pectobacterium infection relies on the production of major cell wall degrading enzymes, other virulence factors and the mechanism of genetic adaptation of this pathogen is not yet clear. In the present study, we have performed an in-depth genome-wide characterization of Pcc strain ICMP5702 isolated from potato and compared it with other pathogenic bacteria from the Pectobacterium genus to identify key virulent determinants. The draft genome of Pcc ICMP5702 contains 4,774,457 bp with a G + C content of 51.90% and 4,520 open reading frames. Genome annotation revealed prominent genes encoding key virulence factors such as plant cell wall degrading enzymes, flagella-based motility, phage proteins, cell membrane structures, and secretion systems. Whereas, a majority of determinants were conserved among the Pectobacterium strains, few notable genes encoding AvrE-family type III secretion system effectors, pectate lyase and metalloprotease in addition to the CRISPR-Cas based adaptive immune system were uniquely represented. Overall, the information generated through this study will contribute to decipher the mechanism of infection and adaptive immunity in Pcc.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.233-249
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• 2022

Hizb ut-Tahrir (HT) is an Islamic social movement that struggles to change the existing political system to the Islamic system. HT argues that all problems in the Muslim world are rooted in adopting secular thought and ideology and the separation between Islam and the state. Hence, HT works to persuade Muslims to abandon that way of life and only apply Islam as the country's only ideology and constitution. HT has spread this narrative since it started in 1953 in Jordan. With this ideological and political attitude, many countries consider HT a threat to their political and community life, suppressing this movement by arresting members and banning the group to reduce or end HT activities in these countries. The Indonesian government has also carried out this repressive policy to limit the influence of Indonesian HTI since 2017. This paper aims to discuss the strategy of Hizb ut-Tahrir to continue its political activities Indonesia after being dissolved by the Indonesian government in 2017. This article used content analysis method to interpret the data collected from interview and documents from Hizb ut-Tahrir. Responding to state repression, HTI sought other methods of action by changing the place of resistance or activities, and by changing its identity.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.10 no.4 s.29
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• pp.557-575
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• 2005

Much research in core technologies has been done to make it possible the ubiquitous video services over various kinds of user information terminals anytime anywhere in the way the users want to consume. In this paper, we design plototypesystem architecture for the ubiquitous TV program content consumption based on user preference via various kinds of intelligent information terminals in digital home environment, and present an implementation and testing results for the prototype system. For the system design, we utilize the TV Anytime specification fur the consumption of TV program contents based on user preference in TV programs, and also use the MPEG-21 DIA (Digital Item Adaptation) tools which are the representation schema formats in order to describe the context information for user environments, user terminal characteristics, user characteristics for universal access and consumption of the preferred TV program contents. The proposed ubiquitous content mobility prototype system is designed to make it possible to seamlessly consume contents by a single user or multiple users via various kinds of user terminals for the TV program contents they watch together. The proposed ubiquitous content mobility prototype system in digital home environment consists of a home server, a display TV terminal, and an intelligent information terminal. We use 42 TV programs contents in eight different genres from four different TV channels in order to test our prototype system.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.67-86
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• 2017

The emergence of smart devices such as smartphones (e.g., iPhone) and tablets (e.g., iPad) may enhance e-learning by increasing communication and collaborative learning outside the classroom. These devices also facilitate the use of online technologies such as Facebook. However, the adaptation of Learning Management System (LMS) services to mobile devices took longer than social networks or online tools such as Facebook and Twitter have already been long used via smartphone. The main purposes of this study are to explore students' skill levels of LMS (Moodle) and their knowledge of online tools or technologies and then examine if there is a correlation between smartphone use and using of online tools and Moodle in learning. The study conducted among 173 students in the Department of Information Studies (DIS) in Oman, using online survey. The study found that most students demonstrated high levels of accessing course/subject materials and regularly engaging with studies of using LMSs. YouTube, Wikipedia and Facebook were clearly recorded as the most popular sites among students while LinkedIn and Academia.edu were two online tools that had never been heard of by over half of the 142 participants. Emailing and searching are recorded the most popular online learning activities among students. The study concluded that students prefer to use smartphone for accessing these tools rather than using it to access LMSs, while a positive correlation was found between the use of these tools and smartphones, but there was no correlation between smartphones and using LMSs.