• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.27-45
• /
• 2002

The continuing pace of technological change and the trend toward larger and faster ships is evident as shipping lines compete in seeking economies of scale in the global market and ports. become increasingly reliant on sophisticated equipment. Across the Asia and Pacific region some of the worlds most modern container ships are calling at an extensive network of mainline and feeder ports. This paper shows that during the period from 1999 to 2011, Asian container trade is expected to continue to increase more rapidly than the world average, i.e., 7.2 per cent per annum compared with the world average of 6.3 per cent. It is forecast that the total volumes of international containers handled at the ports in Asia and the Pacific will increase at an average growth rate of 7,2 per cent per annum. In order to handle the anticipated port container traffic in 2011, new container berths are required in nearly every country in the Asia and the Pacific region. This will entail very significant capital investment requirements. If countries in the UNESCAP region are to position their ports to meet the challenges of the next decade, there is an urgent need to implement more robust strategies to address important issues including prioritisation of port development projects, promotion of private sector participation in ports, emphasis on productivity and preparation for intermodal integration and logistics growth.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.30 no.10 s.116
• /
• pp.819-823
• /
• 2006

Since the north port in Busan started to operate in general pier (1, 2, central, 3 and 4), the business area had been expanded to Jasungdae, Shinsundae, Gamman zone and so on However, these zones adjoin the Busan city and have caused problems to both logistics and city activities. The operation of Off-Dock Container Yard (ODCY) is a representative example due to the limited sphere of Container Yard in this city. It increases logistics costs and causes serious social problems as a result of increasing traffic in the trunk roads such as Uam and Chungjang roads. This paper aims to analyze the effects of the reduction in traffic of trunk roads in Chungjan, Uam roads and so on, when General Pier and Jasungdae Pier are Re-developed. The effects of the reduction in social cost from traffic congestion are also analyzed. Finally, we predict and evaluate the effects according to the re-development of two piers, north pier and Jasungdae pier.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• v.1
• /
• pp.275-279
• /
• 2006

Since the North port in Busan started to operate in general pier (1, 2, central, 3 and 4), the business area had been expanded to Jasungdae, Shinsundae, Gamman zone and so on. However, these zones adjoin the Busan city and have caused problems to both logistics and city activities. The operation of Off-Dock Container Yard (ODCY) is a good representative example due to the limited sphere of Container Yard in this city. It increases logistics costs and causes serious social problems as a result of increasing traffic in the truck roads such as Uam and Chungjang roads. This paper aims to analyze the effects of the reduction in traffic of trunk roads in Chungjan, Uam roads and so on, when General Pier and Jasungdae Pier are Re-developed. The effects of the reduction in social cost from traffic congestion are also analyzed. Finally, we predict and evaluate the effects according to the re-development of two piers, north pier and Jasungdae pier.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.43-58
• /
• 1993

There has been fast progress in economy in Korea derived by a consecutive five-year plan program for economic development started in the early 1960's. In the field of transportation, rapid changes in the technological environment of transportation and communication have brought a revolution of the transport system, of which inter-modal transportation through containerisation is typical. Because of the rapidly growing traffic volumes of cargo, especially container traffic, and lack of investment into transport infrastructure in the past, both road and railway are beyond their capacity. As a result, the public-road network has suffered a serious congestion problem. For instance, in relation to the corridor between Seoul and Pusan, today, it takes about 14 hours for the journey of container trailer through Kyongbu Expressway, for which it used to take only 7 hours in 1986. For the railway, though the congestion problem is not very serious compared with the road sector, a shortage of capacity on certain main lines has emerged as a problem as railway traffic has increased. Furthermore, the further expansion of the system in near future is difficult due to burden of higher construction the cost. Unlike these two modes, coastal shipping, which has been paid relatively less attention for commodity transport in Korea, shows no constraint in this respect. In addition, it is the most cost efficient mode of transport. This work therefore aims to make a proposal for the alternative inland transportation mode, which is to promote the coastal transport of container. Three obstructing factors for the promotion of the coastal transport are investigated and some solutions for those are suggested as follows : First, it appears to be essential to provide exclusive ports for the coastal shipping, that comply with simplification, specialization and rationalization. The optimum size of berths on the exclusive ports in Pusan port is estimated as 16-20. We found that it needs periodical study and publicity on the advantages from the adoption of the coastal mode. Inducing competition in the coastal shipping market is also necessary. For the supply of the fleet in the coastal shipping, chartering of the surplus ships in the oversea shipping is found to be more desirable than new shipbuilding. Second, to solve the fragmentation of the companies which wish to participate in the coastal transport, government has to implement the subsidy policy. The encouragement of participation of the shipping lines engaging in Korea-Japan run and Korea-East South Asia run, into coastal shipping also needs to be considered cautiously. Third, simplification of the document for entry in ports is needed for rational coastal shipping management. We can use B/L (Bill of Lading) for coastal shipping as a prerequisite to get the indemnity by P & I Club. The reduction of the government controls on entering and leaving the ports also needs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2002

Rapid growth rate of container traffic in China has caused the fierce competition to attract Trans-shipment Container Cargos from/to China among competitive ports in Asia. Therefore, this paper aims to suggest some strategies to attract them from/to China by Korea ports. To do so, it evaluates the preference of important ports in the competitive situation and the competitiveness of important ports in Asia, and finally proposes the relative order of important factors. Based on the evaluation of it, Both the Pusan and the Kwangyang ports have to strengthen port facility to attract move traffic and in detail, reinforce the number of berth, yard areas and handling equipment. they also have to provide high qualify of services to deliver cargos in time. not being damaged and swiftly response to shipowner and shipper's claim.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.29 no.8 s.104
• /
• pp.741-746
• /
• 2005

This paper proposes a method for designing layout on the yard and evaluating alternative designs of the layout by applying simulation The design method is based on the concepts of the conventional port container terminal with yard layout. In general, yard design of the container terminal consists of the two major parts. One is to divide yard area between the number of sections and runs and the other is to decide the number of equipment including yard truck and yard crane. In the past days, this design was depended on the experience of the terminal operator and the reproduction of the conventional terminal layout because it is a very complex problem to be considering facilities and equipments. In this paper, we suggest a design method as a conceptual procedure used simulation method The number of sections and runs on yard area, the number of yard truck per container crane, and the number of yard crane per run are decided using simulation In addition, the traffic flow among blocks on yard layout is estimated in terms of rate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2001

The Principle objective of this paper is to introduce a systematic approach to identifying similar container ports in Asia. For this, it analyses data on port facilities, port facility availability, port service level total container throughput, and economic index, by using Multidimentional Scaling (MDS) method. Based on the analysis it identifies five groupings of similar container ports in Asia within which Port comparison can be justifiably made, evaluates a present position of five groupings on the basis of factors used to compare container ports in Asia ; and finally proposes policy implications for operation efficiency of Pusan container port in comparison with Kaohsiung Port. The major implication is that both the Kaosuing and the Pusan port have to strengthen port facility to attract more traffic, and particularly, Pusan Port has to reinforce the number of berth, total length of berth. and yard areas.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2016

Amid of the logistics hub center competition is going to intensifying between the world major port, it is essential to pre-occupied the base in the logistics hub world take advantage of advanced technology of logistics equipment than other ports. In existing container terminal, when container moves the terminal use the omnidirectional and directional antenna in order to exchange data information on the basis of 802.11 wireless network system. Case of loading height of exceeding, the blind sport will occur and a limited frequency channel can't help using in the area. A limited frequency channel usage and nested areas happen to use the closed terminal, it has a great influence to operate the terminal working. In this paper, LTE network is configured provided by the specified company ('L' Corp,.Ltd) and terminal data extracted through LBO (Local Breakout) in the cell site which is configured directly with container terminal operation server. Using this method, container terminal yard equipment operate without overlapping arises with uninterrupted data presented for ways to efficiently. I would suggest both the existing wireless AP LAN configuration of container terminal and new LTE system and applied to the real yard operating devices situations. Through these methods presented comparative the existing network traffic with new constructed LTE configuration. I admired to suggest that wireless network LTE introduction is fundamental factors to get rid of the blind spot, the problem of limited frequency channel and overlapping arises. These essential points can be a continual improving terminal services and more efficient terminal operational management.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.369-376
• /
• 2005

In recent years, AGVs(Automated Guided Vehicles) have received growing attention as a subsystem of the integrated container operating system which enables unmanned control. improvement of job reliability, accuracy and productivity. Therefore, a number of works have been done to enhance the performance AGVs. In this paper. job deployment and a dynamic routing control system composed of supervisor, traffic controller. motion controller and routing table are discussed. A simple job deployment scheme and an efficient dynamic routing algorithm incorporating with the deadlock prediction and avoidance algorithm are investigated.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.179-194
• /
• 2012

In this study, we compared the efficiency of container terminals using DEA. To do this, we designed an AHP/DEA hybrid model using AHP and DEA, and evaluated the efficiency by comparing the container terminal operation company in Gwangyang(KEC, KIT, GICT) and Busan(HBCT, DPCT, KBCT, UPT, Gamman, PNC, PNIT, HJNC, HPNT). The proposed model can control the number of selected promising container terminal by applying DEA-AR model. This model can also improve the credibility of analysis by using objective weights through the AHP application to efficiency evaluation data and normalizing the evaluation data to apply AHP and DEA. The model assumes inputs to be container crane, transfer crane, yard tractor, and reach stacker and output as container traffic. The result shows that DPCT was an efficient DMU.