• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.180-193
• /
• 2014

Objectives The present study was carried out to investigate effects of HBPDS on allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by 2,4-Dinitro-1-fluorobenzene (DNFB) in mice. Methods In this experiment, effects of HBPDS on body weights, skin thicknesses, skin weights, histopathological changes, clinical aspects, erythema index, melanin index, production levels of cytokines in ACD mice were investigated. In addition, effects on proliferation rates, release of ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase and histamine were also investigated in vitro. Results & Conclusions 1) HBPDS inhibited enlargement of skin thickness and weight significantly (P < 0.05). 2) HBPDS treatment prevented spongiosis, edema and immune cell infiltrations. 3) Erythema, desquamation and keratosis were diminished by oral administration of HBPDS. 4) Production levels of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma in serum were decreased by HBPDS treatment in vivo. 5) More than 200 ${\mu}g/ml$ of HBPDS treatment decreased ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release and more than 400 ${\mu}g/ml$ of HBPDS treatment also decreased histamine release in vitro.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권1호
• /
• pp.882-885
• /
• 2007

This study discussed the effect of ink adhesion on color filter glass after different kinds of plasma treatment. From contact angle analysis, we could get different ink adhesion results after HMDSZ, $O_2$, IPA, and $CF_4$ plasma treatment. Substrates after PFMCH plasma treatment have good surface hydrophobic property, and contact angle raise from $<10^{\circ}\;to\;50^{\circ}$.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 2021

The success of warm forming of Mg alloy sheet is greatly influenced by friction at elevated temperature, depending on the surface treatment of the tool. The tool coating affected the frictional characteristics of AZ31B Mg alloy sheet at elevated and room temperatures. The frictional behavior of the Mg alloy sheet at room temperature was not significantly affected by surface treatment conditions of the tool, but was significantly affected at elevated temperature. When the contact pressure is high, a few surface-treated tools exhibit a higher coefficient of friction than those without surface treatment. It is important to select the surface treatment conditions of the tool in order to ensure appropriate friction during warm forming of Mg alloy sheet.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.41-49
• /
• 1999

The water treatment by was performed to remove VOC and organic substances in the multi-stage ozone contactor. Ozone is mainly utilized to change the chemical structures of organic substance, of which finally has the purpose to degrad them. The removal efficiency of VOC has 20~60% at the ozone concentration of 3 ppm, in case of trichloroethylene, its efficiency is reduced by 85% at the ozone contact time of 8 min. Design factors such as the number of stage, ozone concentration, zone contact time are determined for optimal treatment in the multi-stage contactor.

• 한국안광학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.187-192
• /
• 2000

소프트 콘택트렌즈를 착용하고 있는 한국인 여대생을 대상으로 이들의 소프트 콘택트 렌즈 학용에 관련된 각종 문제점을 비교분석한 것이다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대부분 소프트렌즈의 구입은 안경원이다. 2. 대부분 소프트 콘택트렌즈 착용의 동기는 안경 사용의 불편함이다. 3. 대게 렌즈 사용의 만족도는 중등도이다. 4. 렌즈 교체의 주요 원인에 대해서 10대는 렌즈의 손상이며 20대는 사용기간의 만기이다. 5. 하루 중 렌즈 사용의 기간에 대해서 10대는 10시간 이상이며, 20대는 7시간에서 10시간 사이이다. 6. 콘택트 렌즈 관리와 처방의 어려움에 대해서는 10대는 세척과 저장을, 20대는 세척과 소독이다. 7. 렌즈 취급의 주요 어려움에 대해서 10대는 렌즈 제거와 렌즈 케이스 소독을, 20대는 관리용액의 취급과 렌즈의 삽입이다. 8. 렌즈의 삽입중 가장 어려운 사항에 대해서 10대는 눈에 렌즈의 걸림과 두려운 감정이, 20대는 두려운 감정이다. 9. 렌즈 제거시 어려움에 대해서는 눈의 개안 유지가 대부분이다. 10. 렌즈 착용중 가장 불편한 사항은 충혈, 이물감, 동통 등이다. 11. 렌즈 착용의 장점에서 10대는 주로 안경 불편함이며, 20대는 미용이다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.656-664
• /
• 2016

Gear reducers are widely used for various agricultural machinery applications such as greenhouses, tractors, and agricultural vehicles. However, thermal deformation and surface pitting at gear tooth flank frequently occur in gear reducers due to high torque. Thus, surface heat treatment of gears is required to improve wear and fatigue resistance. The objective of this study was to simulate the load capacity of the agricultural gear reducer. The simulation was performed for the following three surface heat treatment methods: untreated gears, nitriding heat treatment, and induction hardening method, those mostly used for agricultural gear reducers. The load capacity of the gear reducer was simulated using the safety factor, limit bending stress, and limit contact stress of the gear. The simulation of the load capacity was conducted using KISSsoft commercial software for gear analysis. The main results of simulation test were as follows: first, the nitriding heat treatment resulted in the highest safety factor for bending stress, which was increased about 77% from those of the untreated gears. Second, the induction hardening was the highest safety factor for contact stress, which was increased about 150% from those of the untreated gears. The safety factor for contact stress of the induction hardening was increased about 64% from those of the nitriding heat treatment. The study result suggested that the surface heat treatments could enhance load capacity and that the method of surface heat treatment should be determined based on simulation results for appropriate use scenarios.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권8호
• /
• pp.3153-3157
• /
• 2015

Background: Incidence and mortality rates for cancer have increased dramatically in the recent 30 years in Taiwan. However, not all patients receive treatment. Treatment refusal might impair patient survival and life quality. In order to improve this situation, we proposed this study to evaluate factors that are related to refusal of treatment in cancer patients via a cancer case manager system. Materials and Methods: This study analysed data from a case management system during the period from 2010 to 2012 at a medical center in Northern Taiwan. We enrolled a total of 14,974 patients who were diagnosed with cancer. Using the PRECEDE Model as a framework, we conducted logistic regression analysis to identify independent variables that are significantly associated with refusal of therapy in cancer patients. A multivariate logistic regression model was also applied to estimate adjusted the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: A total of 253 patients (1.69%) refused treatment. The multivariate logistic regression result showed that the high risk factors for refusal of treatment in cancer patient included: concerns about adverse effects (p<0.001), poor performance(p<0.001), changes in medical condition (p<0.001), timing of case manager contact (p=.026), the methods by which case manager contact patients (p<0.001) and the frequency that case managers contact patients (${\geq}10times$) (p=0.016). Conclusions: Cancer patients who refuse treatment have poor survival. The present study provides evidence of factors that are related to refusal of therapy and might be helpful for further application and improvement of cancer care.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.461-466
• /
• 2013

Synthetic fiber materials were developed due the desire of consumers for high-quality, high-performance and comfort. A high functionality of synthetic fiber can be obtained through surface treatment that can improve hydrophilic properties, color depth after dyeing and adhesion properties. These advantages create added-value. Hydrophobic properties are an important feature to create added-value (such as hydrophilic properties). One side processing is a method of imparting to contrary function on the front and rear side. In this study, fluorine-coated Nylon/PU blended fabric was treated on only one side with a low-temperature plasma treatment; subsequently, the contact angles decreased by increasing the time and intensity of the plasma treatment. The contact angle of the untreated surface and the treated surface was different. It a showed a difference in the properties of both surfaces. Tensile strength and stiffness decreased by increasing the time and intensity of the plasma treatment. However, plasma treatment did not significantly change the tensile strength and stiffness on both surfaces of the fabric. SEM photographs showed the surface of fluorine-coated fabric and the etching surface by using plasma treatment on the fabric. Plasma treatment was confirmed not to affect the physical properties of the fabric.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.392-403
• /
• 2022

Currently, composite board manufacturing using natural fibers has the potential to expand owing to environmental awareness. To produce a composite board, treatment is required to improve the mechanical and physical properties of the natural fibers. In this study, sodium chloride (NaCl) was used for the chemical treatment. However, studies on chemical treatments using NaCl are limited. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of kenaf fibers after NaCl treatment. The NaCl treatment concentrations were 1, 3, and 5 wt.% at room temperature, with soaking durations of 1, 2, and 3 h. The tensile strength, strain, and Young's modulus were measured to evaluate the mechanical properties of the fibers. The fiber bundle diameter, weight change owing to treatment, and contact angle were determined to analyze the effect of NaCl treatment. The kenaf fiber bundle treated with 5 wt.% NaCl for 3 h exhibited the highest tensile strength, Young's modulus, reduction in fiber bundle diameter, weight change, and decrease in contact angle compared to those of untreated fiber bundles. The tensile properties of the fiber bundle exhibited a tendency to decrease with increasing fiber bundle diameter. Increasing the soaking duration from 1 to 2 h did not result in a significant decrease in the fiber bundle diameter or an increase in tensile strength. However, a further increase in the soaking duration from 2 to 3 h resulted in a considerable decrease in the fiber bundle diameter and an increase in the tensile strength.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.846-853
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 청수 포도의 양조 특성에 미치는 세포벽분해효소와 침용 처리의 효과를 조사하였다. 착즙의 용이성은 세포벽분해효소 처리와 침용처리에서 우수하였으며, 착즙액의 방향은 5일간 침용처리 후 압착한 것이 가장 우수하였다. 또한 착즙수율도 대조구에 비하여 세포벽분해효소와 침용처리에서 크게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. pH와 총산, 가용성고형물은 처리간에 큰 차이가 없었으며, pH는 3.1-3.4, 총산은 0.5~0.6%, 가용성고형물은 $6.7{\sim}7.1^{\circ}Brix$의 범위를 나타내었다. 알코올 함량은 세포벽분해효소 처리구가 13.3%으로 가장 높았으며, 침용처리구는 상대적으로 알코올 함량이 낮은 특징을 보였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 침용처리 기간이 길어질수록 증가하는 경향이었으며, 10일간 침용처리시 306.4 mg/L로서 가장 높은 값을 나타내었다. 청수와인의 주요 유기산은 사과산과 주석산이었으며, 구연산, 호박산 및 젖산도 검출되었다. 본 연구에서 세포벽분해효소와 침용처리는 청수와인 제조에 있어서 착즙의 용이성을 더 좋게 하며, 착즙수율이나 휘발성성분을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.