• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.251-256
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• 2019

In the upstream and nearby areas of the water source, there are many areas where the sewerage penetration rate is relatively low due to development restrictions. This has been continuously affecting the pollution of the water source. As a measure to prevent this, method of distributing sewage and improving existing facilities are suggested. In this study, A MWTP(Municipal Watewater Treatment Plant) using the Air-vent SBR process located at upstream of An-dong and Im-ha Dam was selected as a modeling facility. And, the retrofit method to improve the effluent from RCSTP(Rural Community Sewage Tratment Plant) was induced based on A MWTP modeling result. The model construction and verification were carried out based on the operating data for 5 years (2012 ~ 2016). As a result, it was analyzed that the water quality of the effluent during the winter could be improved through control of cycle time in Air-vent SBR process and decreasing SRT (BOD: 1.8%, COD: 54.5%, SS: 4.3%, T-N; 0.8% and T-P: 7.7%). This research suggests that result of this research can be utilized as a retrofit method to improve the effluent overall treatment efficiency of the MWTP and the RCSTP which have similar operation process.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.67-87
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze current status and teacher librarians' perceptions of school library space composition and indoor environment, and propose some methods for the school library to be a basic educational facility. The space most secured by the 126 teacher librarians who participated in the survey was the free reading area, and the space with the lowest level was the media production and group project area. The most important types of spaces for teacher librarians are the teaching area and the free reading area, while the recognition of the importance of media production and group project areas is relatively low. Among the elements of indoor environmental assessment, they showed that safety and comfort were the most important but diversity and flexibility were relatively less important. The result of this analysis is different from the school and library policy direction that emphasizes the learning commons and maker spaces. Teacher librarians still seem to appreciate the importance of traditional library space. Therefore, it is necessary to include the establishment and operation of maker spaces and learning commons in the teacher librarians training and retraining process. In addition, it is necessary to increase the participation of users such as teachers, students, and parents in space composition and interior design initiatives to increase the user's interior environment satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.7617-7628
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• 2015

Recent changes in the industrial parks have become a major issue in the nation's economic aspect. However, the industrial park's structure-advance projects under regional changes have excluded the surrounding spaces. The purpose of study is to analyze physical characteristics of Industrial park and adjacent area and to propose practical urban linkage alternatives as place-making It was found that in an urban aspect, the industrial parks belong within the city, but look like an isolated island that doesn't belong to a city. Therefore, as a way that could improve the problems above, and prevent the formation of heterogeneous spaces, the deliberate management of Industrial park's structure-advancement projects is needed. As one of these measures, It is concluded that the review of designating industrial facility zones which is a district unit plan and managing the detailed elements of construction to the various elements of the district level are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.6344-6353
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• 2014

According to the changes in society, the knowledge industrial center, which is a factory related to the manufacturing industry, is now including various programs, such as information and communication knowledge. This study defined the knowledge industrial center related law into three periods: deduct layout planning type and outside space composition elements by previous research; case analysis; and suggestions of the direction of layout planning and outside space plan. As a result of the analysis, first, before 1999, the layout of the building is made mainly with a car, but depending on the form of the site, it is configured as a centered, side layout. Second, in the case of distribution, the support facility on the lower part is integrated and the factory on the higher part is distributed, so it is partly integrated and the building is unified. Third, beginning with the activation of privately owned public space in a semi-industrial district according to architecture regulations in 1999, the outside space is wider but the construction area is reduced, so the outside space composition has been changing in a similar manner to the planning methods of business facilities, such as office buildings.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.434-439
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• 2010

This study fabricated a simulation facility which reduced the structure of a current distribution line to 50:1 in order to analyze the induced lightning shielding effect of a 22.9kV-Y distribution line according to ground resistance capacity, grounding locations, etc. When installing an overhead ground wire, the standard for grounding a distribution line with a current of 22.9kV-Y requires that ground resistance in common use with the neutral line be maintained less than $50\Omega$every 200m span. The reduced line for simulation had 7 electric poles and induced lightning was applied to the ground plane 2m apart from the line in a direction perpendicular to it using an impulse generator. If induced voltage occurred in the line and induced current flowed through the line due to the applied current, the induced voltage and current of the 'A' phase were measured respectively using an oscilloscope. When all 7 electric poles were grounded with a ground resistance of less than $50\Omega$ respectively, the combined resistance of the line was $7.4\Omega$. When an average current of 230A was applied, the average induced voltage and current measured were 1,052V and 13.8A, respectively. Under the same conditions, when the number of grounding locations was reduced, the combined resistance as well as induced voltage and current showed a tendency to increase. When all 7 electric poles were grounded with a ground resistance of less than $100\Omega$, the combined resistance of the line was $14.9\Omega$. When an average current of 236A was applied, the average induced voltage and current of the 'A' phase calculated were 1,068V and 15.6A, respectively. That is, in this case, only the combined resistance was greater than when all 7 electrical poles were grounded, and the induced voltage and current were reduced. Therefore, it is thought that even though ground resistance is slightly higher under a construction environment with the same conditions, it is advantageous to ground all electric poles to ensure system safety.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.77-87
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• 2014

Ecotourism has the potential to boost the energy of a village as it pays keen attention to the ecosystem and the residents of the village. It is empowered by participation of and cooperation among stakeholders who are closely involved in ecotourism. However, many of them express difficulty in striking a right balance between development and conservation with regard to promoting ecotourism. Against this backdrop, this research paper investigates the structure of conflict that the stakeholders, especially those in Stork Village in Yesan County, South Chungcheong Province of Korea, experience during the process of establishment of government-led ecotourism. In addition, this study examines the problems of government-led ecotourism model and how they can be addressed. To analyze conflict structure, this paper used Q methods and found out that the budget-related stakeholders are largely divided into four groups as who; a) complain about how business profits are distributed; b) secure profits by expanding programs; c) consider human settlement, and; d) broaden people's participation. The biggest contributor to the conflicts is found that compensation was given discriminately to different jurisdictions. The second finding is that residents became less cooperative when the financial compensation did not live up to their expectation. For instance, they would demand the tourism facility physically expanded, repeatedly complain about the process of the work, and even accuse the government of degrading ecosystem. In other words, unless the compromise is reached with the residents regarding financial compensation, it could be difficult to encourage their participation and develop as a program-oriented tour. Lastly, the tour program needs to induce voluntary participation of the residents and deliver proper information on ecosystem and natural resources so as to last as sustainable ecotourism. The success of ecotourism will be subject to the cooperation of stakeholders in a region, conservation of our fragile ecosystem, and realization of sustainable growth through sharing economic benefits. This study looks into the cause of the conflicts of ecotourism sites and their structure. If this paper can bring about cooperation of stakeholders, the management and operation of ecotourism sites would be more sustainable.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.983-993
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• 2008

In recent times, sea level increasing caused by abnormal weather and global warming, sea-sand dredging and complex development causes various kind of erosion damages onto the coastal area in the world. The various types of erosion control and protection methods are applied but there are no signs of fruitful effectiveness. The PC concrete protection block for shore protection structure is practically installed in globally but most of structures in the present day became villainous because of bad accessability. In this study, hydrophilic revetments for control and protection of coastline erosion will be developed in order to make up for a faculty of the shore erosion protection block with better accessibility and excellent protection ability. Experimental measurements were researched to insure for the capacity and facility on reflection coefficient, overtopping volume, and overtopping height characteristics of newly developed shore erosion protection block in model tests. As the result, hydraulic model tests show much excellent than the general step block. Field tests were carried out also to verify through vegetative test on an affinity and construction work test of control-protection on coastline erosion with actual utilization. In the latter case, deposition of sand accumulation occurred in fairly short time at the established reaches and then we can be confirmed to utilize for newly developed block as the revetments for control and protection of coastline erosion.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2010

Three plans(induction of water flow, supply of oxygen into water, control of fish causing resuspension of solids) proposed to improve the pollutant removal efficiency of Sihwa Constructed Wetland(CW) were estimated by considering the their efficiency and application to the wetland. After construction of facility for induction of water flow in lower part(W 122m${\times}$L 103m) of the wetland, the mean removal efficiencies of BOD, SS, TN and TP were in range of 12.8~37.4% and BOD was showing the highest efficiency. This result indicates that water flows is one of very important factors in the pollutant removal of wetland, especially near the outlet of a large scale wetland such as Sihwa CW. Dissolved oxygen(DO) concentrations after operation of two oxygen supply systems such as Air Bubble Diffuser and Surface Aeration System increased 15.5% and 27.2%, respectively. For maintaining effective DO concentration in Sihwa CW, the operation of oxygen supply system may be desirable during midnight to dawn in the location in which DO concentration is not enough, for instance less than 2 mg/L in CW. In experiments of the fish removal from Sihwa CW, the mean turbidity was lower in test site(6.2 NTU) than control site(10.6). The removal efficiency of thurbidity by th fish removal from the wetland was 41.5%. Therefore, a relevant fish management through a periodical monitoring of fish and turbidity is needed.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.407-412
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to develop a tree box filter system, an example of Low Impact Development technology, for treating stormwater runoff from road. Monitoring of storm events was performed between June 2011 and November 2012 to evaluate the system performance during wet day. Based on the results, all runoff volume generated by rainfall less than 2 mm was stored in the system. The minimum volume reduction of 20% was observed in the system for rainfall greater than 20 mm. The greatest removal efficiency was exhibited by the system for total heavy metals ranging from 70 to 73% while satisfactory removal efficiency was exhibited by the system for particulate matters, organic matters and nutrients ranging from 60 to 68%. The system showed greater pollutant removal efficiency of 67 to 83% for rainfall less than 10 mm compared to rainfall greater than 10 mm which has 39 to 75% pollutant removal efficiency. The system exhibited less pollutant reduction for rainfall greater than 10 mm due to the decreased retention capacity of the system for increased rainfall. Overall, the system has proved to be an option for stormwater management that can be recommended for on-site application. Similar system may be designed based on several factors such as rainfall depth, facility size and pollutant removal efficiency.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2020

In the Korea's SBAS(KASS), reference site is an important infrastructure facility for the collecting and monitoring GPS/GEO signals. The SBAS reference station has an clear requirements than other regular monitoring stations. It requires constant maintenance during the system operation. The development for KRS site should be prepared for site survey, site construction, antenna geodetic survey, equipment installation and operation. Site survey is initially performed as an important step to predict site availability and system performance. The operation center must provide the reference site, equipment room, and appurtenant to satisfy the site requirements. The position of antennas is very important information, and accuracy must be secured through the geodetic survey. Measurement collected at the from precise antenna are provided to the KASS processing station. The position of antenna should be maintained through continuous position checks and updates during the operation. When the development of the KRS site is completed, it performs tasks for installing and operating the KRS equipment. In this paper, we presented the procedures and some results for the development of the 7 KRS sites.