• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.147-168
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study is to establish the method of conservation for traditional Korean settlements, based on the field surveys on the representative traditional settlements in Korea and China. The method is approached from grasping the conservation mechanism in which non-physical aspects deeply influence physical ones. The study has analyzed the characteristics and problems in the current methods of conservation for the traditional settlements, through comparing conservation practices at the World Heritage-class settlements such as Yangdong, Hahoi, and Oeam villages in Korea and Xidi-cun, Hong-cun, and Dangjia-cun in China. As a consequence of the study, the conservation method for the traditional Korean settlements is established as follows; Firstly, the conservation targets are classified into 4 types in terms of the relations of elements; individual, correspondent, sequential, and network elements. Secondly, the conservation strategies include the structuralizations of targets, by means of sequencing and networking. Thirdly, the conservation programs are made in consideration of the sustenance, transformation, replacement, and extinction of traditional use patterns.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.377-397
• /
• 2004

The objectives of this study are to find out, the fact-analysis of environmental friendly farm households around the Chuam Dam through the sample survey, 2) the developing strategies to improve the EPA on the assumption that is the conservation of Chuam Dam's water quality. The data used in this study comes from 75 sample farm households. The developing strategies to improve the EPA around Chuam Dam was found out that the efficiency measure of land utilization around CImam Dam, producing of high quality and safety agricultural products, promoting of the EPA connected with tourist agriculture, improving of the EPA products and supporting of price and income. In conclusion, there must be strategic measures to increase the income of environmental friendly farmers and to conserve the Chuam Dam's water quality.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.5449-5464
• /
• 2018

Recent works have validated the possibility of reducing the energy consumption in wireless heterogeneous networks, achieved by switching on/off some base stations (BSs) dynamically. In this paper, to realize energy conservation, the discrete time Markov Decision Process (DTMDP) is developed to match up the BS switching operations with the traffic load variations. Then, an asynchronous decision-making algorithm, which is based on the Bellman equation and the on/off priorities of the BSs, is firstly put forward and proved to be optimal in this paper. Through reducing the state and action space during one decision, the proposed asynchronous algorithm can avoid the "curse of dimensionality" occurred in DTMDP frequently. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed asynchronous on/off strategies.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.609-615
• /
• 2000

The energy conservation is one of the most important issues in recent years. Especially, the energy conservation through improved control strategies is one of the most highly possible area to be implemented in the near future. The energy conservation of the ice storage system can be accomplished through the improved control strategies. A real time building load prediction algorithm was developed. The expected highest and the lowest outdoor temperature of the next day were used to estimate the next day outdoor temperature profile. The measured dry bulb temperature and the measured building load were used to estimate system parameters by using the on-line weighted recursive least square method. The estimated hourly outdoor temperatures and the estimated hourly system parameters were used to predict the next day hourly building loads. In order to see the effectiveness of the building load prediction algorithm, two different types of building models were selected and analysed. The simulation results show less than 1% in error for the prediction of the next day building loads. Therefore, this algorithm may successfully be used for the development of improved control algorithms of the ice storage system.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.549-556
• /
• 2018

In November 2011, various artifacts were excavated from the No. 8 stone-lined tomb in Suchon-ri, Gongju by the Chungnam Institute of History and Culture. These included artifacts with lacquered mainframe and silvery metal ornament. These were recovered together with soil and underwent conservation treatment. In this paper, we discuss the scientific analysis and conservation treatment of the lacquered artifacts excavated from the Suchon-ri site. Among our findings is that the artifacts have three layers of lacquer coating and the metal parts are primarily composed of Ag. As the artifacts were recovered with soil from the site, the soil was removed from underneath and inside the artifacts. The inside of the lacquerware was reinforced with rayon paper using 3% funori, and the metal was treated with acrylic resin after removing the acrylic resin previously used to recover the artifact, followed by cleaning. The metal was also internally reinforced with gauze. Finally, the interior reinforcement was made using PVA and resin in pulp and attached with funori to preserve the shape of the lacquerware, and the exposed rayon was finished with acrylic paint. The main advantages of this study are its review of conservation treatment strategies for lacquer artifacts whose numbers have recently increased, and the application of new conservation treatment methods.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.400-410
• /
• 2015

Juniperus chinensis (Cupressaceae) is a valuable woody plant resource, but this rare plant is only distributed in restricted regions in Korea. In this study, we surveyed the geographic distribution regions, variation of sex ratio and the dynamics of natural populations of J. chinensis. in order to establish conservation strategies for the sustainable conservation of this important resource tree. The 17 natural populations of J. chinensis are restrictively distributed in the shore cliffs of (1) Ulleungdo island, (2) Gyeongju-si to Gangneung-si of the eastern coast, the riverside cliff along (3) Donggang-river of Jungsun-gun and Pyeongchang-gun and (4) branch of Nakdonggang-river in Uiseong-gun. The populations in Ulleungdo island showed continuous population distribution of over 200 individuals, but populations in other regions had discontinuous population distribution of under 200. The population of J. chinensis surveyed in Korea was estimated in ca. 3,200 individuals. The sex ratio (male/female) among populations of J. chinensis was diverse with variation from 0.46~1.67 range, but showed no significance. The sex ratio of the total individuals by species level was 0.74, and the percentage of female tree was significantly higher than the male. The results of dynamics analysis within population among regions showed that seedlings and saplings of J. chinensis in three regions surveyed were continuously regenerating. The distribution of DBH class showed a stable population structure of inverse J shape graph, but fragmentation and decrease in populations because of invading broad-leaved shrubs and trees from the surroundings were concerned. Further studies, and in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for the sustainable conservation on natural populations of this rare resources woody plant, J. chinensis in Korea are recommended.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 1994

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.102 no.3
• /
• pp.428-436
• /
• 2013

To obtain biological basic data for the conservation strategies establishment of a rare mistletoe species, Loranthus tanakae(Loranthaceae) in Korea, the distribution range, habitat characteristics and an assessment of the conservation status on the natural populations of L. tanakae were investigated. As a result, the natural populations of L. tanakae were distributed in Bakdudaegan from Mt. Chiri to Mt Seorak in Korea penninsula, and 97.8% of surveyed individuals of the mistletoe species were found in Gangwon province. In natural populations, 1,385 individuals of L. tanakae were parasitic on 480 host trees, and distributed in sunshiny ridges of mountains of altitude range of 353 m to 1,250 m. The range of host trees of L. tanakae were composed of 5 families, 6 genera, 9 species, 1 subspecies, and of these, Quercus mongolica was preferred with 81.5% (389 trees among 480 host trees). As a result of assessing the conservation status through IUCN, L. tanakae was evaluated as Vulnerable (VU). It was considered that Mt. Seorak, Mt. Taegi and Mt. Odae population as habitats with the highest density of distribution of natural populations of L. tanakae should be designated as the protected areas. Thus, conservation strategies and related methods of the natural populations of L. tanakae were also discussed for the sustainable conservation.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.361-364
• /
• 2005

The use of remotely sensed data and geographic information system (GIS) to develop conservation-oriented watershed management strategies on Imha Dam, Korea, is presented. The change of land use for study area was analyzed using multi-temporal Landsat imagery. A soil loss model was executed within a GIS environment to evaluate watershed management strategies in terms of soil loss. In general, remotely sensed data provide efficient means of generating the input data required for the soil loss model. Also, GIS allowed for easy assessment of the relative erosion hazard over the watershed under the different land use change options. The soil loss model predicted substantial declines in soil loss under conservation-oriented land management compared to current land management for Imha Dam. The results of this study indicate that soil loss potential (5,782,829 ton/yr) on Imha Dam in 2003 is approximately 1.27 times higher than that (4,557,151 ton/yr) in 1989. This study represents the first attempt in the application of GIS technology to watershed conservation planning for Imha Dam. The procedures developed will contribute to the evolution of a decision support system to guide the land planning and dam management in Imha Dam.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
• /
• v.21 no.sup1
• /
• pp.52-62
• /
• 2009

Environmental differences of each sea around the Korean Peninsula in terms of factors including topography and complexity of sea current may influence species and genetic diversity of marine fishes. Fish are naturally abundant in the frontal area where various currents or water masses meet. However, this food resource is prone to human overexploitation, threatening the marine ecosystem. New fisheries resources management strategies are needed. Such strategies require information about population structure obtained through morphological and genetic methods.