• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.219-228
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze objectively customers' connotative meanings dependent on show window display types in optical shops. Methods: This survey was conducted on optometry students in Seoul in their 20's. We collected examples of the show window displays in Korean optical shops and deduced their representative types. After drawing out connotative meanings by the semantic differential method, we determined the connotative meanings correspondent to each show window display types by using a questionnaire and statisticl analyses. Results: Respondents chose 'clean and simple', 'luxury and simple', and 'folksy and practical' as connotative meanings of open-type, small amount-type, mass amount-type and commercial-type show window displays, respectively. Conclusions: Analyzing induced connotative meanings and correspondents' preference, we think that the small amount-type show window is the most appropriate display for college students consumer group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.281-289
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• 1992

This study was designed to investigate and quantify components of the connotative meaning of foods, and to analyze the correlations between food concepts and food frequencies on elderly Korean. It involves adapting a communications research tools, the semantic differential and demonstrating its use with two population groups, urban and rural aged. The data were collected by interviewing 217 males and females of 70 years of age and older living in urban and rural areas. To assess how they feel and what they know about foods, the instrument which contains concepts of price, taste, goodness of health, interest, usuality, likes and dislikes, appetite, fattening, quality, and nutritive value about foods were developed. The result shows that there are significant correlations between food concepts and food frequencies. The more affirmative concepts the elderly have, the more food frequencies tend to be. positive concepts are appeared on the meat, fishes, vegetables & fruits, Kimchi and the rice, but negative connotations are appeared on the milk and sugar. There are significant differences between the urban and rural elderly on food concepts.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.10
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• pp.34-49
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• 1997

Architectual environment in this study means a language and meaning complex which makes communication between human beings and environment possible. The purpose of this study is to propose a semiotic approach to analyze and examine meaning, as a semiotic system, and its effects, focusing on the generative meaning in the relationship between human beings and environment. For this purpose, it examines the academic status of modern semiotics in postmodernism and the possibility of its being metalanguatge for a study of a variety of cultural phenomena and desigv. It also provides two viewpoints as propositions for its analysis: it explains the necessity of environmental-discoursive attitude and social-semiotic viewpoint which understands environment as social-cultural reflectors. Finally, it provides framework and all the interpretative procedures for analysis of environmental meanings on the basis of the approach of semiotics of space. By applying the methods proposed this study to the case studies, it also proves validity of this approach and the potentialities of the application of semiotics. This study emphasizes not only denotative configuration of the architectural environment but also its connotative meanings. It maintains that designers, architects, and theorists should realize correctly today's changed value system and social and aesthetic paradigms. It also stresses the necessity of development of the new architectural language and meaning system.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.649-657
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• 2017

Hayao Miyazaki provides pleasure which go beyond the barrier of culture and language through realizing pan-cultural and mythical space which can communicate with the audience through unique, aesthetic expression. In his animation storytelling, diverse tangible and intangible symbolic elements based on the traditional culture inherent to Japan are actively utilized, and he provides the audience with the aesthetic pleasure of arbitrary interpretation and contemplation by composing the system of connotative signification through such symbols. In this process, he creates the value of the system of meaning which clearly conveys the mythical message of connotative meaning of the work through the aesthetic form based on the universal experience of confrontation and coexistence. It can be said that this is the communicative value of animation storytelling pursued by Hayao.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 2014

As a applied art, Architecture is a synthetic art for dwelling and settlement. It has started with the origin of the human. and Artistical-technological indicator, include not only materiality but also immateriality such as history and society. After 20C, various categories of thinking is a undergoing rapid change. especially, beginning in 1900, The intrinsic value of "Fine Art" had lost their competitive power in the face of industrial revolution's mass production. and it has been displaced by a "new concept", such as a conveyance of meaning or rational way of thinking. This change means free from the tradition and custom of a past. for that reasons, Due to the nature of applied art, it always include design symbolism and designer's thinking is mainly processed in their own system of thinking. Symbolism for the art was distinguished from a general concept by the connotative meaning that called "the dual image". Therefore, at the start, this study will define about design and symbolism with a architecture as a applied art. then, Analysis the expression tendency of the contemporary architecture and modification. as a result, It aim to systematize mapping process and suggest the classification of various visual cue.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.95-104
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• 1999

The Landscape Drawing is the main medium for constructing better environment which provides human beings with a place for dwelling well, even though it has some limitations. To provide places for people's daily lives, by what measure do we design\ulcorner, by what measure do we give dimension\ulcorner, and how can we appropriately measure the place with drawing\ulcorner On any given site, of course, much has already happened, i.e, there is history. Any adequate interpretation of such a site should poetically take into account the present effects of its absent past. The findings to reveal the meaning and methodology of landscape drawings in the environmental design with a case study are as follows: (1) The value of landscape drawings is the poetic, artistic interpretation which we sense and bodily experience through the simultaneous exposure of the site's temporal, spatial, and tactile conditions. (2) The landscape drawing should represent the invisible (imaginary) world as well as the visible (physical) world. (3) There can be classified as two methods in representing the rich experience of a place: expression and notation. Expression is the abstract representation and do not have a direct relationship to construction due to its ambiguous and connotative structure. But notation is constructional due to it's purely objective symbol system which is obviously denotative structure. (4) Collage is a medium of specific act that can represent the complex layered phenomena and the rich experience of given site. (5) The landscape drawings represent not only topographical space which can be measured objectively, but also topic which can be cognized culturally.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.39-47
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• 2010

As various materials and new methods can be used due to developments in science and expansion of thinking, modern architectural color composes extensive possibilities exceeding its physical role of the past. In particular, rather than the initial external expression, the secondary connotative interpretation is more important in interpreting architectural color. This is because color interpretation changes the meaning of space based on light. Also, the development of digital technology has shifted the use of architectural color from passive realization to a more proactive concept and value. In other words, such shift leads to a new discussion on architectural color such as non-representation, invisibility, and non-physicality as the concept of fixed time, space and movement has been weakened. This paper begins by conceptualizing the digital space, a term widely used to interpret the architectural color of digital space. And it will be categorized as non-representational architectural color, invisible architectural color, and non-physical architectural color, by combining the characteristics of digital space with the modern architecture's color examples. Digital space overcoming the space time is differently interpreted from the past color expression. Modern architecture's color which substitutes the passive view with active body takes a role delivering various axes of discussions with synaesthesia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1309-1321
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• 2008

Military style is not limited to a single period but represents various image communications related to items, synthetic images and different periodical culture backgrounds. The purpose of this study is to define the communicational function of the military style beginning from the 1st world war up to the modern days, and furthermore explain the characteristics and contents of military styles in different periods by studying the nowadays various symbols of the military style in denotative and connotative aspects. The research method is documentary studies through the literature and academic paper, and examined masters' and doctors' thesis, domestic and overseas books and fashion magazines, photographs and materials collected from the internet. As a result, first, the military style is a significant fashion code in understanding modern fashion by serving as a strong communication function representing people’s ritual through various image items called the 'military look'. Second, the meaning of the image communication through military look changed throughout the different periods. During the 1st and 2nd World war the military look supported Fascism by serving as a media representing extreme patriotism and at the same time social images like functionalism, women liberation, regulation and saving. During the cold war period it was used by young progressives like hippies and punks to send an opposing message towards war and commercialism. Since then up to the 80s it was a medium representing the ‘new role of women’, who possess same social rights and power as the men. However in the 90s the military style had to go through a paradigm transition period. Since this period it got affected by the post modernism and designers, consumers alike adopted military style to create unique beauty It can also be said that it began to be used as a pure fashion code representing intertextuality. It was rather expressed as a metonymy than a metaphor and combined with elegance and feminine factor, which contrasts to the original military concept, it now represents totally new hybrids such as difference, dissemination and varieties.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.77-85
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• 2013

This study aims to analyze the effects that video image in Seo-an's , claiming to China's first gigantic historic dance drama, has on the performance; it focuses on investigating which video image is used to accomplish the effects in showing specific themes and materials in . Image is meant by 'reflection of object', such as movie, television, dictionary, etc, with its coverage being extensive. The root of a word, image', is founded on imitary, signifying specifically and mentally visual representation. In other words, video image is considered combination of two synonymous words, 'video' and 'image'. Video is not just comprehension of traditional art genre, like literary value, theatrical qualities, and artistry of scenario, but wholeness as product, integrating original functions of all kinds of art and connecting subtle image creation of human being. The effects of video image represented in are as followings; first, expressive effect of the connotative meaning, reflecting the spirit of the age and its culture. Second, imaginary identification. Third, transformation scene. Fourth, dramatic interest through immersion. Last but not least, visual effect by dint of dimension of performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.1 s.160
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• pp.11-20
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze the various signs seen on TV commercials for school uniforms since year 2000, thus uncovering the connotative meanings in them. For this study, the semiotic approach has been used. The signs seen on the TV commercials are separated into linguistic and visual signs. They are found to have symbolic connotations. The results are as follows: First, there are plenty of signs expressing the sense of belonging to the student group and sense of conformity to his or her peer group. They are intended to garner their collective identity in the peer group of teenagers. Second, the TV commercials express the self that is realizing one's value dynamically. The frequent designation of 'I', 'me' and 'myself' represents that I am at the center of the world. Furthermore, the suggestion of diverse student roles beyond mere academic pursuits symbolically shows the ideal self that most teenagers wish to have. Third, the TV commercials implied a commercial ideology. That is expressed in the emphasis on aesthetic value that teenagers can realize their self only by consuming expensive school uniform brands. Forth, there are many signs related to appearance and appearance care. They are expressed with very specific signs such as 3 : 7 proportion, long legs, small face, and so on. Repeating or emphasizing the importance of looks and a certain brand name as the tool to accomplish better looks indicates that it contains the ideology of appearance management.