• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.793-799
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• 2023

This study classifies the types of urban railway stations that reflect the location characteristics of urban railway stations, the structure and form of station taxes, and the number of users, and the level of inconvenience in the transfer movement line for users by station type, the number and connectivity of transfer information, and the level of transfer convenience facilities. The number of installations, conflicts between users, and transfer information signs were analyzed. As a result of data analysis, it was found that the factors that cause the most inconvenience to urban rail users when transferring are the length and curvature of the transfer line, pedestrian density and number of passengers in the transfer passage, presence or absence of transportation convenience facilities, and the size and height of transfer information letters. These transfer inconveniences were objectified, quantified, and presented as evaluation indicators that can measure the transfer convenience of urban railway stations. Additionally, an evaluation scale was developed to measure the service level for each evaluation indicator. The evaluation scale for each indicator presented six levels by applying linear interpolation based on the maximum and minimum values of data derived through field surveys. However, it is judged that a comprehensive evaluation of transfer convenience that combines the importance and weight of each convenience evaluation indicator should be established through future research.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

Complex school facilities are being considered to meet increased public demands for culture and welfare in Korea, given the decreasing population. In this context, Gyeongi-do Hwaseong City's E-umteo is recognized as a relatively well-operated school complex. Therefore, this study considered seven E-umteo branches as case studies to examine the operations of educational programs and understand the techniques employed in the spatial configuration of E-umteo. To this end, field observations and interviews with facility operators were conducted. The case analysis results revealed that educational programs could be classified into three types: learning sharing , community communication, and lifelong learning. Furthermore, the learning sharing type was classified into education and physical education while the community communication type was classified into the community and convenience types. Meanwhile, lifelong learning was identified as the most actively used type by differentiating specialized programs. With regard to the spatial composition between the school and the "pitcher," only the connection and independent types were observed, and no integral type was discovered. Therefore, integrated future studies are mandated.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.159-176
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• 1996

This study is aimed at reviewing the methods of joint cost allocation and allocating the joint cost of estuary dam with specially repect to Kumgang Large-scale Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project. Apart from the water resource development project propelled by Water Resource Development Corporation in connection with Law of Multipurpose Dam Development, the Largescale Comprehensive Agricultural Development Projects couldn't ins-titutionally be carried out cost allocation of common facilities, even though it were concerned with irrigation, municipal and industrical water supply, flood control, sightseeing and industrial zone development components. To decrease farmer's burden of the project costs and, operation and maintenance costs, the joint costs of common facilities like estuary dam included in agricultural development projects have to be allocated by suitable method as alternative cost-remaining benefit method and the analytical activity should be supported by revising the concerned laws as Rural Development and Promotion and, Rural Rearrangement conpatible with the law for multipurpose dam development. Kumgang Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project was selected as a case study for the estimation of socio-economic benefits by project components and joint cost allocation of the estuary dam. The main results of the study are as follows; Joint cost allocation and unit charges by components 1. The project area will be 25,554ha with total project cost of 624,860 million won including the estuary dam cost of 120,843 million won. The project costs were ex-pressed by 1994 constant price. 2. Total quantity of water was estimated 365 million tons which were consisted of 245 million tons for irrigation, 73 million tons for municipal water and 47 million tons for industrial water. 3. The rates of joint cost allocation were amounted to 34.2% for agriculture, 2.5% for sightseeing, 45.7% for transportation, 11.8% for M & I water supply and 5.8% for flood control respectively. 4. The unit financial charges by project components were estimated at 7.88 won per ton for irrigation, 16.11won for M & I water, 1,686won per vehicle one pass, 977won per Pyeong according to the capital recovery method. The financial charges using straitline method for depreciation were estimated at 7.88won per ton for irrigation, 9.12won per ton for M & I water, 624won per vehicle one pass for transportation and 331won per Pyeong for sightseeing area. 5. The unit economic charges by project components were estimated at 21.1 won per ton for irrigation, 15.2won for M & I water, 977won per vehicle one pass, 977won per Pyeong according to the capital recovery method. The economic charges using straitline method for depreciation were estimated at 11.72won per ton for irrigation, 8.61won per ton for M & I water, 331won per vehicle one pass for transportation. Policy recommendation 1. The unit operation and maintenance costs for irrigation water in the paddy field couldn't be imposed as the water resource cost untreated. 2. The dam costs including investment cost and O & M cost, as a joint cost, had to be allocated by each benefited components as transportation, M & I water supply, flood control, irrigation and drainage, and sightseeing. But the agricultural comprehensive project have been dealt as an irrigation project without any appraisal socio-economic benefits and any allocating the joint cost of estuary dam. 3. All the associated project benefits and costs must be evaluated based on accounting principle and rent recovery rate of the project costs and O & M costs should be regulated by the laws concerned. 4. The rural development and promotion law and rural rearrangement law have to be revised comprising joint cost allocation considering free rider problems. 5. The government subsidy for the agricultural base development project has to be covered all the project costs. In case of common facilities representing joint cost allocation problems, all the allocated casts for other purposes like transportation and M & I water supply etc. should be recovered for formation in investment fund for agricultural base development and to procure O & M costs for irrigation facilities.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.39
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• pp.281-310
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• 2008

An understanding of importance of port has increased according to the in and out environment changes surrounding port. And the jurisdiction of physical distribution including port logistics integrated to Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. It is a good time for review the related port law once more. Present related port law has no problems itself. But because there are many laws about port, so overlap is shown in many aspects. According to this viewpoint, this study has focused to reduce the overlap in the contents of the laws and propose the improvement methods. So as to achieve this goal, I divided study fields into three aspects. The first is the subject of port management and second is the object of port management, the third is contents of port management. And also improvement plan provided in three aspects. Improvement plan is as follows. Firstly, the diversity of management subject is reduced considerably due to the integration of government organization but the problem which what laws among the various laws would adopt to same object is still remained. So it is necessary to make into one or two laws. Secondly, in the case of object of port management, it is essential to cover the port, port facilities and port hinterland with one comprehensive law. Therefore it is important to adjust the related clauses in various laws. Thirdly, in connection with the contents of port management, port development plan or other related port business and etc. described in various laws have to cordinated. At the same time, it is desirable that the similar terminology used in various laws would be unified.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.1872-1885
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• 2011

In recent years, due to the economic growth of the Northeast Asia, the trading relationship among the Asian countries becomes more active, and the mutual level of dependence is increasing. As the general market, the Northeast Asia pursue a function of market and economic activities among the Northeast Asia become more active consistently. It is important that Korea strengthened logistics network connection systems with China and Japan are improving the logistics facilities and expanding the transport network steadily. In order for Korea to improve as a logistics position, Korea needs to build various and efficient multimodal transport system and sets up a position as a major efficient logistics network center. Therefore, this paper intended to analyze transport cost and time of Korea-China-Japan logistics network and suggest a competitive multimodal transport with the maritime transport and new multimodal transport systems by comparing scenarios.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.69-77
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• 2012

The construction data should be controlled from the life-cycle perspective. The current PMIS (Project Management Information System) usually focuses on the construction operation stage. The PMIS does consider the utilization of the construction in the maintenance of constructed facilities. This paper tries to interface the construction data with the maintenance data for effective use of construction data in the life-cycle perspective. To achieve the research objective, a maintenance breakdown structure is established and connected to the work breakdown structures. The connection of the two breakdown structures provide a structured utilization of construction data for efficient maintenance work activities. A prototype suggests that the interface of maintenance and work breakdown structures can help provide a construction and maintenance data in a more efficient way for maintenance activities.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.75-89
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate researches related to tourism transport conducted in Korea and to discover new complementary research projects based on this. Forty cases were reflected in the study, including 28 academic papers and 12 policy studies. Based on the characteristics of tourism transport and cases of prior research, this study divided the field of tourism transport research into three ranges: traffic mode choice for tourism, information for tourist traffic and support policy for tourist traffic etc. In particular, mode choice for tourist traffic was divided into four sub-ranges, reflecting the importance of tourist traffic and the weight of research cases. As a result of the study, it was found that there were not many cases of research on tourism transport, and the research cases were concentrated on the mode choice for tourist traffic. To complement this, this study proposed 10 new research projects in 3 ranges. This is a result of reflecting changes in tourist demand and tourism trends. In addition, a new research field was proposed to seek the connection between transport facilities supply and tourist demand.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2018

This paper discusses decommissioning procedure requirements management using requirement engineering to systematically manage the technical requirements and criteria that are required in decontamination and decommissioning activities, and the regulatory requirements that should be complied with in a decommissioning strategy for research reactors and nuclear power plants. A schema was designed to establish the traceability and change management related to the linkage between the regulatory requirements and technical criteria after classifying the procedures into four groups during the full life-cycle of the decommissioning. The results confirmed that the designed schema was successfully traced in accordance with the regulatory requirements and technical criteria required by various fields in terms of decontamination and decommissioning activities. In addition, the changes before and after the revision of the Nuclear Safety Act were also determined. The dismantling procedure requirement management system secured through this study is expected to be a useful tool in the integrated management of radioactive waste, as well as in the dismantling of research reactor and nuclear facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate how five winning design proposals for the Seoul City Hall Plaza Design Competition have shown the spatial characteristics by comparing and reviewing them. Each design proposal shown different approaches that reveal the spatial characteristics. Through scrutinizing these design proposals, some similar and different aspects among them were identified. In order to examine these aspects, the winning design proposals were analysed and compared based on five categories such as design concepts, main facilities, representation of historical images, spatial connection, and event programs. Gilles Deleuze explained the spatial characteristics as striated space and smooth space. Striated space could be defined as sedentary space. It is distant vision-optical space that has dimensional, metric, and centered characteristics, whereas smooth space is defined as nomadic, close vision-haptic space that has directional and acentered characteristics. This study focused on the analysis of spatial characteristics according to smooth space and striated space. Based on the analysis of the spatial characteristics according to the smooth and striated space, some design proposals shown more characteristics of striated space while other proposals shown more characteristics of smooth space. Those design proposals that shown more characteristics of smooth space reveal flexible or changeable shape and void space, whereas the others that shown more characteristics of striated space try to suggest apparent guidelines for the future use by retaining the idea of a plaza through the concrete shape. This study, which analyzed the winning design proposals based on the spatial characteristics according to the smooth and striated space, can be used to analyze the designs and could help to develop a new methodology with a different perspective. furthermore, it could provide practical and creative design strategies for landscape design.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.146-152
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• 2006

In order to analyze the characteristics of series arcs that could happen in poor connections of electrical facilities, we made an apparatus which is similar to actual situation. series arcs are generated between copper and copper, copper and bronze, copper and brass, bronze and bronze, and then oxidation growth and voltage waveform were measured. A very small vibration with constant movement is needed to grow oxidation initially, whereas oxidation growth proceeded without a vibration after a certain amount of time. At first, blue white flame was generated initially between copper and copper, and then yellow flame was generated. In case of contact between copper and copper, the length of oxidation growth was about 7.1[mm] in 90[min]. In case of contact between copper and brass, the length of oxidation growth was about 4.3[mm] in 90[min], When bronze is contacted with copper, the lengths of oxidation growth were about 1.4[mm] in 20[min] and 2.7[mm] in 40[min] respectively, and no more oxidation growth was shown after that. In case of contact between brass and brass, the length of oxidation growth was about 1.2[mm] in 90[min], so it was the smallest compared to other cases. When copper is contacted with copper, the current through the load was about 1.6[A] and the power dissipation increased from 19[W] to 31[W]. In case of oxidation growth between copper and brass, the voltage changed from 8.4[V] to 11[V]. However, the voltage drop and the power dissipation between copper and brass were small compared to oxidation growth between copper and copper. When series arcs were generated between bronze and copper, a peak was shown at the beginning of voltage increase, and 40[min] later, oxidation material was not grown any longer. When oxidation growth occurred, voltage waveform showed irregular waveforms with tiny ripples.