• Architectural research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.3-10
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• 2011

This research focuses on how the 'Koreanity' inherent in many traditional Korean houses of the upper class is expressed in contemporary 'Korean-style' houses, and how aspects regarded as configurational characteristics of traditional houses are expressed in them. Three types of Korean house (traditional upper class, contemporary Korean-style and contemporary architect) are quantitatively analysed using the space syntax method to investigate of the spatial configuration and their syntactic properties. The research results show that the spatial configuration of traditional houses is more integrated than that of contemporary houses. Furthermore, contemporary Korean-style houses are similar to architect's houses in terms of their spatial configurations. The configurational analyses reveal that the way in which spatial configuration is expressed in contemporary Korean-style houses is significantly different from traditional Korean houses. This result is in direct contrast to the architects' claim that their houses maintain the configurational chracteristics of traditional Korean houses.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.18-22
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• 2014

A new concept tractor is developed, which can conduct multi-functional complex tasks such as excavating and working with attached various equipments. A cabin of the agricultural tractor is designed to protect the driver from vibration transmitted due to the irregular ground and overturning of the tractor. In this paper, the dynamic characteristic of the cabin is identified through finite element analysis and effects of configurational parameters are investigated to insure the dynamic stiffness of the cabin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.1229-1234
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• 2005

The conformational, configurtational behavior and the structure of N-2-(1,4-Dioxane)-N'-(4-methylbenzenesulfonyl)-O-(4-methylphenoxy) isourea 1 has been studied using DFT method. Calculations predict the imidoyl amino group of the dioxane ring prefers axial conformation and that the tosyl and tolyl groups about the C=N bond retain E configuration. The anomeric effect controls the population of dioxane ring conformers, and anomers. Intramolecular hydrogen bonds contribute to the stability of E isomers. The computational analysis of 1 complements the X-ray findings.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.367-375
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• 2010

Understanding the interactions between earth materials and fluids is essential for studying the diverse geological processes in the Earth's surface and interior. In order to better understand the interactions between earth materials and fluids, we explore the effect of specific surface area and porosity on structural parameters of pore structures. We obtained 3D pore structures, using random packing simulations of porous media composed of single sized spheres with varying the particle size and porosity, and then we analyzed configurational entropy for 2D cross sections of porous media and cube counting fractal dimension for 3D porous networks. The results of the configurational entropy analysis show that the entropy length decreases from 0.8 to 0.2 with increasing specific surface area from 2.4 to $8.3mm^2/mm^3$, and the maximum configurational entropy increases from 0.94 to 0.99 with increasing porosity from 0.33 to 0.46. On the basis of the strong correlation between the liquid volume fraction (i.e., porosity) and configurational entropy, we suggest that elastic properties and viscosity of mantle melts can be expressed using configurational entropy. The results of the cube counting fractal dimension analysis show that cube counting fractal dimension increases with increasing porosity at constant specific surface area, and increases from 2.65 to 2.98 with increasing specific surface area from 2.4 to $8.3mm^2/mm^3$. On the basis of the strong correlation among cube counting fractal dimension, specific surface area, and porosity, we suggest that seismic wave attenuation and structural disorder in fluid-rock-melt composites can be described using cube counting fractal dimension.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.81-100
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• 2020

Purpose - Based on complexity theory, this study develops a configurational model to predict the profitability of Halal cosmetics firms in the Indonesian and Malaysian markets. The proposed research model involves two level configurations-industry context and selling strategies-to predict high and low scores of a firm's profitability. The industry context configuration model comprises industry stability, product homogeneity, price sensitivity, and switching cost. Selling strategies include customer-focused, competitor-focused, and margin-focused approaches. Design/methodology - This is the first empirical study that calculates causal models using a combination of industry context and selling strategy factors to predict profitability. Data obtained from the marketing managers of cosmetics firms are used to test the proposed configurational model using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). It contributes to the current knowledge of business marketing by identifying the factors necessary to achieve profitability using analysis of condition (ANC). Findings - The results revealed that unique and distinct models explain the conditions for high and low profitability in the Indonesian and Malaysian halal cosmetic markets. While customer-focused selling strategy is necessary to attain a higher profit in both the markets, margin-focused selling strategy appears to be an essential factor only in Malaysia. Complexity of the interactions of selling strategies with industry factors and differences between across two study markets confirmed that complexity theory can support the research configurational model. The theoretical and practical implications are also illustrated. Originality/value - Despite the rapid growth of the global halal industry, there is little knowledge about the halal cosmetic market. This study contributes to the current literature of the halal market by performing a set of asymmetric analytical approaches using a complex theoretical model. It also deepens our understating of how the Korean firms can approach the Muslim consumer's needs to generate more beneficial turnover/revenue.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.353-359
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• 1997

주로 영어, 불어 등의 형상적 언어(configurational languages)의 구문 분석을 위해 개발된 범주 문법은 문장 구성 성분의 문장 내의 위치가 대체적으로 고정적이며 통사 기능이 그 위치로서 할당 되는 형상적 언어의 통사적인 특성에 따라 방향성의 개념을 도입하였다. 그러나 이 방향성 개념은 문장 구성 성분의 문장 내의 위치가 비교적 자유로운 한국어 등의 비형상적 언어(non-configurational languages)에 그대로 적용하기에는 많은 무리가 따른다. 심지어 형상적 언어에 적용하는 경우에도 도치나 외치된 문장 또 격리된 구조(unbounded dependency constructions)가 있는 문장들도 적절히 분석해 내지 못한다. 이런 이유로 본고에서는 범주 문법에 도입되어 있는 방향성을 재고하고 아울러 한국어 구문 분석과 문장 생성을 위한 범주 문법 적용상의 다섯 원칙을 제안한다.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.299-331
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• 2017

This research details firm knowledge search types based on the locus and features for Korean firms in the knowledge-based industry, and then analyzes differences in innovation performance according to the types from the view of a configurational approach. Existing research has mainly concentrated on establishing a relation between knowledge search and outcome variables. Consequently, firms have relatively insufficient understanding of how to systematize knowledge search. Hence, this research classifies knowledge search into four dimensions-external search breadth, external search depth, internal search breadth, and internal search depth-by the locus and features of search. Furthermore, the research draws actual types of knowledge search of firms and analyzes differences in innovation performance. The main result of the research is as follows. First, the research reasons out six clusters of firms which have a dissimilar knowledge search type. Each cluster shows differences while participating in every dimension of knowledge search or few dimensions. Second, as for innovation performance, each cluster shows different exploitative and exploratory innovation performance according to their knowledge search type. This research applies a configurational approach while existing research applied a reductionistic approach, thereby establishing the major contribution which enables us to study a phenomenon as it comes, not to analyze variables and relationships of variables. Lastly, the research suggests a future direction of research based on the result of this research.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.200.1-200.1
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• 2000

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.611-620
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• 2017

A new theory of weightless sagging planer elasto-flexible cables under point loads is developed earlier by the authors and used for predicting the nonlinear dynamic response of cable-suspended linear elastic beams. However, this theory is not valid for nonlinear elastic cracked concrete beams possessing different positive and negative flexural rigidity. In the present paper, the flexural response of simply supported cracked concrete beams suspended from cables by two hangers is presented. Following a procedure established earlier, rate-type constitutive equations and third order nonlinear differential equations of motion for the structures undergoing small elastic displacements are derived. Upon general quasi-static loading, negative nodal forces, moments and support reactions may be introduced in the cable-suspended concrete beams and linear modal frequencies may abruptly change. Subharmonic resonances are predicted under harmonic loading. Uncoupling of the nodal response is proposed as a more general criterion of crossover phenomenon. Significance of the bilinearity ratio of the concrete beam and elasto-configurational displacements of the cable for the structural response is brought out. The relevance of the proposed theory for the analysis and the design of the cable-suspended bridges is critically evaluated.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.139-147
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• 2017

Analyzing morphological evolution over a long period of time is deemed an effective way to identify problems occurring in the process of urban development, in addition to achieving a fundamental understanding of socio-cultural changes and growth rooted from the context. As far as the urban morphology is concerned, Hong Kong is characterized by its unique high-density and compact layout patterns, which have aroused the interest of a number of authors in the urban design domain. Whilst an increasing number of redevelopment projects in Hong Kong were criticized for ignoring and destroying the old urban fabric, there is a need for research to investigate the origins and changes of various urban patterns and their implications for society. By employing the theories and techniques of space syntax, this paper accordingly provides a morphological analysis based on the Wanchai District - a 'Segment-line' city, which particularly epitomizes various urban grids of Hong Kong and may have different implications for functional aspects. By axial-mapping the urban layouts of five stages of growth since 1842 and subsequently investigating their spatial and functional transformation over the past 170 years, this paper identifies a series of spatial characteristics underlying different grid patterns, as well as achieves a precise understanding of their ever changing relationship. Based on these understandings, this paper intends to provide valuable reference and guidance for upcoming spatial development in Hong Kong and other regions.