• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate studesnts' attitudes toward computers and science subject using CAI(Computer-Assisted Instruction) as an instructional strategy in the elementary school level of science and computer literacy course. The influence of CAI programs on learner's attitudes toward computers and science varied according to the variables of,(l)sex (2)experience by computer learning, (3)learner's attitudes toward computers and science. Eighty nine samples were divided into the two groups.One group(48 studesnts)which is in the experimental group took a science instruction using CAI programs and computer literacy course, another group which is in the control group took only a science instruction using CAI programs. Data were collected and compared the experimental group with the control group. The results indicate as follows:(l) studesnts took science instruction using the CAI programs appeared a positive attitudes toward science. (2) the science attitudes of science instruction using the CAI programs was more effective in the lower group than in the upper group. (3) computer literacy course produced the positive attitude toward computers regardless of the experience by computer learning. (4) students using CAI programs with computer literacy course were more effective than students using CAI program only. (5) science instruction using the CAI programs was not found a meaningful difference by sex.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.96-112
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• 1998

The patentability of computer program has been discussed because of its deviation from the traditional definition of a patent. The relativities of computer programs to hardware are classified to measure the relative patentability of computer programs in this paper. It can be seen through the patentability analysis that the change in patentability basically follows an exponent part of the function is a damping factor that determines a patentability degree or trend. The basic patentability of computer programs is revealed when the damping factor value is 1, and a statistical patent specification, an appropriate expression of applicability and substantiality of computer programs is needed to acquire a patent right.

• Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.17-24
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• 2019

Use without permission of font files is a social problem. In the meantime, our court recognized font files as computer programs. Is the font file a computer program? This recognition arises from the inability to distinguish between computer programs and data. Expert recognition, on the other hand, does not recognize font files as computer programs. In this regard, there was a case in 2014 that INI files were not computer programs, but only data files. So, the attitude of the Supreme Court in 2001 only makes it difficult to distinguish between computer programs and data. The Supreme Court's decision needs to be changed. In addition, a new legal system should be in place to protect font files.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1765-1794
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• 2019

Genetic Programming (GP) is an intelligence technique whereby computer programs are encoded as a set of genes which are evolved utilizing a Genetic Algorithm (GA). In other words, the GP employs novel optimization techniques to modify computer programs; imitating the way humans develop programs by progressively re-writing them for solving problems automatically. Trial programs are frequently altered in the search for obtaining superior solutions due to the base is GA. These are evolutionary search techniques inspired by biological evolution such as mutation, reproduction, natural selection, recombination, and survival of the fittest. The power of GAs is being represented by an advancing range of applications; vector processing, quantum computing, VLSI circuit layout, and so on. But one of the most significant uses of GAs is the automatic generation of programs. Technically, the GP solves problems automatically without having to tell the computer specifically how to process it. To meet this requirement, the GP utilizes GAs to a "population" of trial programs, traditionally encoded in memory as tree-structures. Trial programs are estimated using a "fitness function" and the suited solutions picked for re-evaluation and modification such that this sequence is replicated until a "correct" program is generated. GP has represented its power by modifying a simple program for categorizing news stories, executing optical character recognition, medical signal filters, and for target identification, etc. This paper reviews existing literature regarding the GPs and their applications in different scientific fields and aims to provide an easy understanding of various types of GPs for beginners.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 1999

To evaluate the status of the contact to lascivious computer programs and sexual attitude and behaviour by the grades of middle school boy students, the questionnaire survey was done on 715 students of five middle schools in Pusan and Kimhae area from December 15 to December 24, 1997. The data were analyzed by PC SAS; $X^2$ -test. The level of significance was 0.05. 404 students (56.5%) had a personal computer in their home. 516 students(72.2%) have experienced of using a computer program. 294(57%) of them usually played a game with computer. 514 students(71.9%) had experiences of the contact to a lascivious computer program, which increased with the grades of the students(p〈0.05). The first exposure to a lascivious program was when they were elementary school students in 24.6% of first grade middle school student, 13.8% of second grade, and 11.3% of 3rd grade students. 92% of the students was introduced to first contact through their friends. 63.7% of them watch the program at their friends home. The most common drives to contact to a lascivious programs were curiosity (53%). Sexual desire was a higher drive in third grade students (20.6%) than lower grades. After contacting to a computer lascivious program, desire of masterbation was more frequent in lower grade students. and feeling disgust was more frequent in higher grade students (p〈0.05). Frequence of masterbation or sexual intercourse was higher in high grade students(p〈0.05) In conclusion, distribution and popular use of computer attributes to the increased exposure to lascivious programs and lowering the age of first exposure. There was the difference according to the grades in the feeling and sexual behaviour after contacting to computer lascivious program. Appropriate methods to protect young students to contact a lascivious program should be sought. The use of computer should be educated in elementary school students accompanied by proper sex education.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

In this paper, we present a technique that executes MPI parallel programs, that are developed on processor-centric computer architecture, more efficiently on memory-centric computer architecture without program modification. The technique we present here improves performance by replacing low-speed data communication over the network of MPI library functions with high-speed data communication using the property called fast large shared memory of memory-centric computer architecture. The technique we present in the paper is implemented in two programs. The first program is a modified MPI library called MC-MPI-LIB that runs MPI parallel programs more efficiently on memory-centric computer architecture preserving the semantics of MPI library functions. The second program is a simulation program called MC-MPI-SIM that simulates the performance of memory-centric computer architecture on processor-centric computer architecture. We developed and tested the programs on distributed systems environment deployed on Docker based virtualization. We analyzed the performance of several MPI parallel programs and showed that we achieved better performance on memory-centric computer architecture. Especially we could see very high performance on the MPI parallel programs with high communication overhead.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.77-86
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• 2019

The advent of Internet of Things (IoT) makes common nowadays computing environments involving programming not a single computer but several heterogeneous distributed computers together. Developing programs separately, one for each computer, increases programmer burden and testing all the programs become more complex. To address the challenge, this paper proposes an RPC-based unified programming language, UniPy, for development of MGC (eMbedded, Gateway, and Cloud) applications in IoT systems configured with popular computers such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and Web-based DB server. UniPy offers programmers a view of classes as locations and a very simple form of remote procedure call mechanism. Our UniPy compiler automatically splits a UniPy program into small pieces of the program at different locations supporting the necessary RPC mechanism. An advantage of UniPy programs is to permit programmers to write local codes the same as for a single computer requiring no extra knowledge due to having unified programming models, which is very different from the existing research works such as Fabryq and Ravel. Also, the structure of UniPy programs allows programmers to test them by directly executing them before splitting, which is a feature that has never been emphasized yet.

• 전기의세계
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.72-77
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• 1977

This paper deals with developments of computer programs for college academic affairs using key-punch and optical mark reading card. In order to speed up reading input card, at first O.M.R-Binary conversion is done and written on tape, and then Binary-Edit conversion is performed, so that name rolls of students can be printed within a few days after register at the beginning of the semister. Student's scores, records and various statistics are obtained accurately and quickly by updating, editing and inserting by computer programs developed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.52-70
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• 1984

This paper presents a micro-computer simulation package for the various vibratory systems. The Package consists of 10 programs which describe the dynamical characteristics of the vibratory system. The programs have been written in BASIC (Appoesoft) language and programmed on the 6502 CPU with 48 KRAM. This simulation package is stored in 5 $^1/_4$ inch floppy disk. The user requires no simulation expertise on the part of designer. Through a process of disk operation, the user can easily under- stand how to use this package.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.845-851
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• 1986

This Paper presents micro-computer simulation programs for a pneumatic control system. The simulation programs have been written in BASIC language which is suitable for 6502CPU with 48KB memory and consist of 11 programs which describe the time response and frequency response of the pneumatic actuation system. This simulation package is stored in 51/4 inch floppy diskette. The user requires no simulation expertise on the part of designer. As the result of using this simulation programs for the pneumatic control system with stabilizing tank, it has shown that the response time of the system using air as working medium takes more time to be settled but relatively stable rather than the system using helium.