• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.918-927
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• 2018

Based on the actual operating environment of transformer, the aging tests of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) were conducted systematically under four conditions: in air, in transform oil, under compression in air and under compression in transform oil to studythe effect of high temperature, transform oil and compression stress simultaneously on the thermal aging behaviors of nitrile butadiene rubber and predict the lifetime. The effects of liquid media and compression stress simultaneously on the thermal aging behaviors of nitrile butadiene rubber were studied by using characterization methods such as IR spectrosc-opy, thermogravimetric measurements, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements and mechanical property measurements. The changes in physical properties during the aging process were analyzed and compared. Different aging conditions yielded materials with different properties. Aging at $70^{\circ}C$ under compression stress in oil, the change in elongation at break was lower than that aging in oil, but larger than that aging under compression in air. The compression set or elongation at break as evaluation indexes, 50% as critical value, the lifetime of NBR at $25^{\circ}C$ was predicted and compared. When aging under compression in oil, the prediction lifetime was lower than in air and under compression in air, and in oil. It was clear that when predicting the service lifetime of NBR in oil sealing application, compression and media liquid should be involved simultaneously. Under compression in oil, compression set as the evaluation index, the prediction lifetime of NBR was shorter than that of elongation at break as the evaluation index. For the life prediction of NBR, we should take into account of the performance trends of NBR under actual operating conditions to select the appropriate evaluation index.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2015

하중이 가해지면 수십 cm에서 수 m까지 침하가 발생하는 준설매립지반의 압축특성 파악은 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있으나, 고 합수비와 낮은 전단강도로 인해 불교란 시료채취가 불가능하고 압밀시험 또한 불가능한 실정이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 N. Keith Tovey의 omega point와 점토의 물리적 특성변화에 대한 기본적인 가정을 이용하여 원지반과 준설매립점토 사이에는 $C_{c(d)}=F(e_d,C_c)$ 관계를 가진다는 것을 수학적으로 증명하였으며, 제안식의 신뢰성을 검증하기 위해 준설매립을 통해 지반이 조성된 국내 1개 현장에서 수행된 계측결과에 대한 분석결과, 매우 양호한 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2007년 가을학술발표회
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• pp.363-372
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• 2007

The residual settlement due to difference between predicted and observed settlement is one of the social problems during reclaiming construction in the soft ground having a deep depth such as Busan and Gwangyang province. Prediction error for the secondary compression settlement makes the construction much harder. To examine characteristics of the secondary compression settlement, the secondary compression index is the most important factor. In this study, various empirical methods for determining the secondary compression index are evaluated. And errors applied to the design case practically are also explained. The pre loading method is the only way to reduce the secondary compression settlement and reduction ratio of the secondary compression should be investigated correctly. Hence, research results on the reduction ratio of the secondary compression are analyzed in this paper. Moreover, decrement of the secondary compression index due to over consolidation ratio is examined closely by laboratory consolidation test using clay in the Gwangyang area.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.371-382
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• 2024

Measurement or prediction of compression index (C_c) of soils is essential for assessment of total and differential settlement of structures. It is a well-known fact that this parameter is controlled by several index identifiers of soil including initial void ratio, Atterberg limits, overconsolidation ratio, specific gravity, etc. Many studies in the past proposed relationships for prediction of C_c based on different index properties. Therefore, this study aims to present a comparison of previously proposed equations for estimation of C_c. Data from literature was compiled, and a total of 90 and 623 test results on remolded and undisturbed specimens were used to question the validity of previously proposed equations. Nevertheless, the modeling ability of 7 and 12 equations for estimation of C_c of remolded and undisturbed soils were questioned by use of compiled data. Moreover, new empirical relationships based on initial void ratio and toughness limit for prediction of C_c was proposed by use of nonlinear multivariable regression and evolutionary based regression analyses. The results are promising-the performances of models established are quite acceptable, which are verified by statistical analyses.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2013

압축지수는 점토의 압축특성을 나타내는 대표적인 물성치로 압밀시험으로 직접 결정하거나, 점토의 기본 물성으로부터 경험적 방법으로 추정한다. 그러나 자연점토의 압축지수는 지반 물성치뿐 아니라 퇴적상태에 영향을 받으므로 경험적 추정방법은 지역적 한계를 지닌다. 본 연구에서는 재성형점토의 압축특성을 이용하여 지반 물성치로부터 자연 점토의 압축지수를 추정하는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 부산점토의 압밀시험 결과를 통해 제안방법의 적합성을 검증하였으며, 오차원인을 분석하였다. 분석결과 제안된 방법은 경험적 추정방법보다 압축지수를 정확하게 추정하였다. 제안방법의 오차는 가정사항에 의해 발생하며, 추정오차는 $e_{cross}/e_0$와 명확한 반비례 관계를 나타냈다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.1200-1205
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• 2010

The compression index is one of the geotechnical properties which represent the compressibility of clay. The compression index are generally obtained from consolidation tests, otherwise it has been predicted by soil properties due to the efficiency time and cost. In this study, consolidation tests result for Busan and Inchon clays are analyzed to suggest the correlations between the compression index and soil properties. It is found that the compression index is well correlated with the void ratio and natural water contents. The prediction errors, which is difference of compression indices between measured from consolidation test and predicted by liquid limits, decrease with ${\Delta}e_0/e_L$.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2011

압축지수는 점토의 압축특성을 나타내는 대표적인 물성치로, 압밀시험을 통해 직접 결정하거나 기본 물성으로부터 경험적으로 추정한다. 본 연구에서는 부산 및 인천점토의 퇴적상태를 파악하고 이것이 압축지수 추정식에 미치는 영향에 분석하였다. 이를 위해 부산 및 인천 점토의 재성형점토 압밀시험을 수행하고 자연점토 압밀시험 결과를 분석하였다. 분석결과 부산점토는 SCL보다 높은 간극지수를, 인천점토는 SCL보다 낮은 간극지수를 나타냈다. 퇴적상태를 나타내는 ${\Delta}e_r$을 압축지수 추정오차와 비교한 결과 액성한계 및 소성지수로 추정한 압축지수의 추정오차는 ${\Delta}e_r$이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향이 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 관계를 이용하여 부산 및 인천점토의 압축지수를 보다 정확히 추정할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.987-997
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• 2008

Successful design, construction and maintenance of geotechnical structure in soft ground and marine clay demands prediction, control, stability estimation and monitoring of settlement with high accuracy. It is important to predict and to estimate the compression index of soil for predicting of ground settlement. Lab. and field tests have been and are indispensable tools to achieve this goal. In this paper, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) model with Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm and field database were used to predict compression index of soil in Korea. Based on soil property database obtained from more than 1800 consolidation tests from soils samples, the ANNs model were proposed in this study to estimate the compression index, using multiple soil properties. The compression index from the proposed ANN models including multiple soil parameters were then compared with those from the existing empirical equations.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.319-335
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• 2021

This study proposes a new and highly-accurate artificial intelligence model, namely ANN-IP, which combines an interior-point (IP) algorithm and artificial neural network (ANN), to improve the axial compression capacity prediction of elliptical concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns. For this purpose, 145 tests of elliptical CFST columns extracted from the literature are used to develop the ANN-IP model. In this regard, axial compression capacity is considered as a function of the column length, the major axis diameter, the minor axis diameter, the thickness of the steel tube, the yield strength of the steel tube, and the compressive strength of concrete. The performance of the ANN-IP model is compared with the ANN-LM model, which uses the robust Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm to train the ANN model. The comparative results show that the ANN-IP model obtains more magnificent precision (R² = 0.983, RMSE = 59.963 kN, a20 - index = 0.979) than the ANN-LM model (R² = 0.938, RMSE = 116.634 kN, a20 - index = 0.890). Finally, a new Graphical User Interface (GUI) tool is developed to use the ANN-IP model for the practical design. In conclusion, this study reveals that the proposed ANN-IP model can properly predict the axial compression capacity of elliptical CFST columns and eliminate the need for conducting costly experiments to some extent.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.376-381
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• 1998

The large scaled field test by prefabricated vertical drains was performed to evaluate the superiority of vertical discharge capacity for drain materials through compare and analyze the time-settlement behavior with drain spacing and the compression index and consolidation coefficient obtained by laboratory experiments and field monitoring system 1. The relation of measurement settlement( $S_{m}$) versus design settlement( $S_{t}$) and measurement consolidation ratio( $U_{m}$) versus design consolidation ratio( $U_{t}$) were shown $S_{m}$=(1.0~l.1) $S_{t}$, $U_{m}$=(1.13~l.17) $U_{t}$, at 1.0m drain spacing and $S_{m}$=(0.7~0.8) $S_{t}$, $U_{m}$=(0.92~0.99) $U_{t}$ at 1.5m drain spacing, respectively. 2. The relation of field compression index( $C_{cfield}$) and virgin compression index( $V_{cclab}$) was shown $C_{cfield}$=(1.0~1.2) $V_{cclab}$, But it was nearly same value when considered the error with determination method of virgin compression index and prediction method of total settlement. 3. field consolidation coefficient was larger than laboratory consolidation coefficient, and the consolidation coefficient ratio( $C_{h}$/ $C_{v}$) were $C_{h}$=(2.4 ~ 3.0) $C_{v}$. $C_{h}$=(3.5 ~ 4.3) $C_{v}$ at 1.0m and 1.5m drain spacing and increased with increasing of drain spacingngasing of drain spacingng spacingng