• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-31
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• 1997

Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is an assessment process integrated with policy and planning processes considering environmental impacts, not at the level of individual project, but at higher level of policy and plan. Presently, two systems for the SEA are being implemented in Korea. One is "the consultation of environmental investigation into a change in national land utilization", which is to be pre-discussed with the head of the related central administrative organizations, based on the respective individual code. The other is "the consultation of environmental investigation into an administrative plan and project", which is to be pre-discussed with the minister of the environments for the administrative plan. However, these two systems are not integrated procedures with the planning process. In other words, there is a separate post-environmental assessment after planning. Also concrete proposal is not yet prepared for the method and procedure of environmental investigation about details of the planning. Therefore, they do not playa role in taking precautions for environmentally sustainable development. In this study, for the effective environmental investigation at the level of planning, environmental assessment model to be integrated with urban comprehensive plans was developed. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, based on the analysis of systematic problems in environmental investigation of this country, the study compared and analysed the SEA method of foreign countries. derived the potential limitations in its applications to this country. Also, the new method in this study, is integrated into planning process by improving the limitations. Thus, we developed the SEA model for this country, which consists of seven steps ; Phase 1; establishing a work program, Phase 2; defining the scop. of the SEA, Phase 3; analyzing an existing environmental situation, Phase 4; examining the consistency with environmental policy, Phase 5; appraising and synthesizing the plan content, Phase 6; proposing recommendations, Phase 7; monitoring and feedback. Second, the two types of application program of the developed assessment model were proposed. One is to integrate this model into planning process, and the other is for the institute and ministry of environments to implement SEA after planning. An aim of this study was developing an environmental assessment model at the planning level which was not yet established in this country and was to apply the model to urban comprehensive plan for inspection. This research will make the effective operation of environmental investigation system possible at the planning level in this country and contribute to the environmental protection at the global level.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.243-251
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• 2013

Cash management is a major concern for all contractors in the construction industry. It is arguable that cash is the most critical resource of all. A contractor needs to secure sufficient funds to navigate the project to the end, while keeping an eye on maximizing profits along the way. Past research attempted to address such topic via developing models to tackle the time-cost tradeoff problem, cash flow forecasting, and cash flow management. Yet, little was done to integrate the three aspects of cash management together. This paper, as such, presents a comprehensive model that integrates the time-cost tradeoff problem, cash flow management, and cash flow forecasting. First, the model determines the project optimal completion time by considering the different alternative construction methods available for executing project activities. Second, it investigates different funding alternatives and proposes a project-level cash management plan. Two funding alternatives are considered; they are borrowing and company own financing. The model was built as a combinatorial optimization model that utilizes ant colony search capabilities. The model also utilizes Microsoft Project software and spreadsheets to maintain an environment that incorporates activities, their durations, and other project data, in order to estimate project completion time and cost. Ant Colony Optimization algorithm was coded as a Macro program using VBA. Finally, an example project was used to test the developed model, where it acted reliably in maximizing the contractor's profit in the test project.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1064-1073
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• 2020

The general situation of system composition and safety management of high-speed railway terminal is investigated and a comprehensive evaluation index system of operational security is established on the basis of railway laws and regulations and previous research results to evaluate the operational security management of the high-speed railway terminal objectively and scientifically. Index weight is determined by introducing interval eigenvalue method (IEM), which aims to reduce the dependence of judgment matrix on consistency test and improve judgment accuracy. Operational security status of a high-speed railway terminal in northwest China is analyzed using the traditional model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and a general technique idea and references for the operational security evaluation of the high-speed railway terminal are provided. IEM is introduced to determine the weight of each index, overcomes shortcomings of traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, and improves the accuracy and scientificity of the comprehensive evaluation. Risk factors, such as terrorist attacks, bad weather, and building fires, are intentionally avoided in the selection of evaluation indicators due to the complexity of risk factors in the operation of high-speed railway passenger stations and limitation of the length of the paper. However, such risk factors should be considered in the follow-up studies.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.229-244
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• 2007

A comprehensive program for children's leadership improvement by enhancing their self-esteem, empathy, communication competence and emotion regulation utilized core concepts and techniques or the Solution-Focused Model of Chung et al. (2005), Satir's Experiential Model(Chung, 2003), Cognitive-Behavioral Model (Kim, 2002) and problem-solving games (Chung & Kim, 2005). Twenty-six $3^{rd}$, $4^{th}$, and $5^{th}$ graders from public schools in Seoul participated in six 2.5 hour sessions and their mothers participated in two 2.5 hour sessions. All subjects received pre-, post- and follow-up tests. The results showed that children's self-esteem, empathy, communication competence, and emotion regulation increased as a result of this program and the effects lasted for at least three months after the termination of the program.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.679-689
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• 1997

The damage of concrete subjected to multiaxial complex loading involves strong anisotropy due to its highly heterogeneous nature and the geometrically anisotropic characteristic of the microcracks. A comprehensive description of concrete damage is proposed by introducing a fourth-order anisotropic damage tenser. The evolution of damage is assumed to be related to the principal components of the current states of stress and damage. The unilateral effect of damage due to the closure and opening of microcracks is taken into account by introducing projection tensors that are also determined by the current state of stress. The proposed damage model considers the different kinds of damage mechanisms that result in different failure modes and different patterns of microdefects that cause different unilateral effects. This damage model is embedded in a thermomechanically consistent constitutive equation in which hardening and the triaxial compression caused shear-enhanced compaction can also be taken into account. The validity of the proposed model is verified by comparing theoretical and experimental results of plain and steel fiber reinforced concrete subjected to complex triaxial stress histories.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.17-41
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• 2008

외환금융위기 이후 구조조정에 의한 고용불안이 사회적 이슈가 되면서 90년대 후반부터 고용불안정에 관한 연구가 꾸준히 계속되어 왔다. 그러나 대부분의 국내 연구들은 가설검증에 의한 개별적인 연구결과를 제시하고 있을 뿐 포괄적이고 체계적인 연구는 이루어지지 못하였는 바, 이는 고용불안정 연구를 위한 통합모형이 개발되지 못하였기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 선행연구로부터 고용불안정에 관한 제 가설을 설정하고, 이들 가설에 대한 국내실증연구결과를 면밀하게 분석하여 고용불안정의 선행요인 및 결과에 관한 명제를 도출하고 통합모형을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2168-2177
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• 2018

The unavoidable forecast error of wind power is one of the biggest obstacles for wind farms to participate in day-ahead electricity market. To mitigate the deviation from forecast, installation of energy storage system (ESS) is considered. An accurate model of wind power forecast error is fundamental for ESS sizing. However, previous study shows that the error distribution has variable kurtosis and fat tails, and insufficient measurement data of wind farms would add to the difficulty of modeling. This paper presents a comprehensive way that makes the use of mixed skewness model (MSM) and copula theory to give a better approximation for the distribution of forecast error, and it remains valid even if the dataset is not so well documented. The model is then used to optimize the ESS power and capacity aiming to pay the minimal extra cost. Results show the effectiveness of the new model for finding the optimal size of ESS and increasing the economic benefit.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.223-244
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• 2007

이 연구는 FRBR 모델을 보다 명확히 이해하여 우리 도서관계에 보다 적합한 방식으로 받아들이기 위한 기초 작업이자 FRBR 모델에 대한 우리 학계와 도서관 현장의 심층적인 논의를 이끌어 내기 위한 발제로서의 목적을 가지고 있다. 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 (1) FRBR 모델의 개발 배경과 이 모델이 가지는 역사적 의의와 기능적 특징에 대해 살펴보고, (2) FRBR 모델의 실행을 둘러싸고 도서관선진국에서 현재 벌어지고 있는 논쟁의 핵심을 검토한 후, (3) 우리문헌정보학계와 도서관 현장에서 FRBR 모델과 관련하여 진행해왔던 논의의 과정과 실체를 추적해 보면서, (4) 지금까지의 우리의 논의에서 간과되어 온 것이 무엇이며, 향후 FRBR 모델에 주체적이고 능동적으로 대처하기 위해 우리가 해야 할 일이 무엇인지에 대해 심층 논의하였다.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to implement and develop the Economic Cost Driver Size(ECDS) extended model to determine the optimal cash driver size with measurement complexity cost and allocation fail cost. ECDS model can be used to seek both measurement accuracy and time efficiency of the Activity-Base Costing (ABC). The study also develops Activity Priority Number (APN) to evaluate the importance of nonvalue-added activities improvement and to determine the representative cost driver of value-added activities when applying ECDS model. APN consists of Severity Priority Number (SPN), Undetectablitiy Priority Number (UPN) and Occurrence Priority Number (OPN). APN can be obtained from lower-stream activity, current activity, upper-stream activity in terms of hierarchical dependency of SIPOC (Supplier, Input, Process, Output, and Customer). In order to seek both efficiency of invested capital and reduction of overhead cost, the paper proposes the integrated ABC and Economic Value Added (EVA) model using redesigned ABC-based statement of comprehensive income and EVA-based statement of financial position. For a better understanding of the proposed ABC-EVA integrated model, numerical examples are demonstrated in this paper. Cost drivers of ABC and capital drivers of EVA in the proposed model can be used to reduce activity overhead cost from ABC-based statement of comprehensive income and to lessen activity capital charge from EVA-based statement of financial position.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2001

In this paper we suggest a conditional unrelated question randomized response model by using the Carr et. al.’s model(1982) and Greenberg et. al.’s model(1969). Our model can obtain more comprehensive information about the sensitive character A. We suggest the conditions that make our model efficient compared with models of Greenberg et. al. and Carr et al..