• Land and Housing Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2015

Now that it is the current situation that the smooth supply and demand are necessary for 2nd phase of beginning construction and stable development of Gaesung Industrial Complex, this study was willing to offer the planning criteria and model to establish the lodging for the workers in Gaesung Industrial Complex based on the agreement that both South and North Korea agreed in 2007. Regarding the plan, its standard and the alternative were reviewed considering welfare of workers, economic efficiency, technical validity, possibility of agreement and long-term development. The exclusive area per capita was calculated through Labor Standards Act of Korea and status survey of lodging for the workers provided to border line area between China and North Korea and the economic alternative based on one room for 6 persons with the public restroom was compared with that of development type based on one room for 4 persons with indoor restroom. Especially regarding the proposed site, the area with the optimized position was set by considering gradient, accessibility and convenience of development out of the area of Dongchang-ri where was agreed already and the priority of the proposed site that can keep the existing building site and provide was offered. The necessary period for whole construction was set as approximately 36 months. Regarding construction method, RC Rahmen method was selected as the optimized alternative considering the workmanship of manpower of North Korea and conditions of supply and demand of materials and cluster-type vehicle allocation plan based on 4~6 units considering the efficiency of supplying service facilities and convenient facilities along the simultaneous accommodation of 15,000 people was offered. It was analyzed that total business expenses of approximately 80~100 billion Korean Won would required though there were the difference for each alternative in the charged rental way that the development business owner develops by lending the inter-Korea Cooperation Fund and withdraws the rent by the benefit principle. The possibility of withdrawing the rent was analyzed assuming that the period of withdrawing the investment is 30 years. Especially for the operation management after moving, the establishment of the committee of operating the lodging for the workers of Gaesung Industrial Complex (tentative name) was offered with the dualized governance that the constructor takes charge of operational management, collecting fees and management of infrastructure and human resource management is delegated to North Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.121-131
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• 2015

Village-concentrated agricultural regional development projects that aim for increased profits are now being aimed at core agricultural and fishing areas. These agricultural and fishing stimulus projects aim to not only increase the net profit of local citizens but also improve their living conditions. As the industry itself has changed, local rural areas have also changed in various ways. One such aspect is the emergence of rural-urban complexes known as "rurban" areas. These naturally occurring rurban regions are created by a combination of complex urban infrastructure while maintaining the insulated rural communities that agricultural areas are usually so readily identified by. "Jeongeupsi Naejangsnagdong", the target of this research, also specifies the unaltered surrounding natural environment of rural areas while at the same time containing complex central living areas typically found in urban areas. This research suggests that the direction of residents' participation in community-level rurban projects could solve the problems found in existing top-down government development projects. This research also suggests rurban area activation plans to improve living conditions through analysis of both local rurban agricultural characteristics and citizen demands. In order to encourage citizen autonomy and self-governing attitudes, citizen-strengthening workshop programs are proposed, such as citizen workshops or pilot activities. This research was carried out by target area analysis, rudimentary planning, development direction setting, detailed project planning, and finally project processing. This procedure established three goals, which are walking environment improvement, community infrastructure establishment, and good living environment establishments, based on actual site research and citizen demands. This research suggests plans to activate community groups that were already established and reflect citizen needs as the main avenues for local businesses. This research is predicted to promote more active and successful growth through autonomy in stimulating these increasingly emerging rurban agricultural regions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.52-64
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• 2023

As cities continue to develop rapidly, overcrowding, pollution, and urban sanitation problems arise, and the need to separate conflicting uses is emerging. From this perspective, there is no disagreement that urban land use should be planned. Therefore, all activities in land space must be predicted in advance and planned so that land use can be rationally established. This study used the constructed data to compare and analyze the use distribution characteristics of residential, commercial, and industrial areas in Busan Metropolitan City to identify the building area status, total floor area, and floor area ratio by use zone in districts and counties in Busan Metropolitan City. As a result, it was found that the residential area accounted for the largest proportion of the area by use zone at 51%, and that the residential area accounted for the largest proportion at 63% of the total floor area by use zone. And the analysis was conducted using a specialization coefficient that can identify regional characteristics based on land use composition ratio. Because it is difficult to determine the trend of the entire region just by counting the absolute value of the area, the area composition ratio was calculated and compared. Looking at the residential facilities among the specialization coefficients by use area, it is above 1.0 except for Gijang-gun, Sasang-gu, Saha-gu, and Jung-gu. Commercial facilities are over 1.0 except for Gijang-gun, Gangseo-gu, Nam-gu, Sasang-gu, and Saha-gu. Looking at industrial facilities, you can see that the industrial complex distribution area is Gangseo-gu (2.5), Gijang-gun (1.22), Sasang-gu (2.06), and Saha-gu (1.64). In addition, it was found that business facilities and educational welfare facilities were evenly distributed. Land use analysis was conducted through simulation of the current status of building heights according to each elevation in each use area and the height of buildings in each use area. In general, areas over 80m account for more than 43% of Busan City, showing that the distribution of use areas is designated in areas with high altitude due to the influence of topographical conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.46-58
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• 2024

Pollinators are organisms that carry out the pollination process of plants and include Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera. Among them, bees not only pollinate plants but also improve urban green spaces damaged by land use changes, providing a habitat and food for birds and insects. Today, however, the number of pollinating plants is decreasing due to issues such as early flowering due to climate change, fragmentation of green spaces due to urbanization, and pesticide use, which in turn leads to a decline in bee populations. The decline of bee populations directly translates into problems, such as reduced biodiversity in cities and decreased food production. Urban beekeeping has been proposed as a strategy to address the decline of bee populations. However, there is a problem asurban beekeeping strategies are proposed without considering the complex structure of the socio-ecological system consisting of bees foraging and pollination activities and are therefore unsustainable. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the socio-ecological system of honeybees, which are pollinators, structurally using system thinking and propose a green space planning strategy to revitalize urban beekeeping. For this study, previous studies that centered on the social and ecological system of bees in cities were collected and reviewed to establish the system area and derive the main variables for creating a causal loop diagram. Second, the ecological structure of bees' foraging and pollination activities and the structure of bees' ecological system in the city were analyzed, as was the social-ecological system structure of urban beekeeping by creating an individual causal loop diagram. Finally, the socio-ecological system structure of honey bees was analyzed from a holistic perspective through the creation of an integrated causal loop diagram. Citizen participation programs, local government investment, and the creation of urban parks and green spaces in idle spaces were suggestedas green space planning strategies to revitalize urban beekeeping. The results of this study differ from previous studies in that the ecological structure of bees and the social structure of urban beekeeping were analyzed from a holistic perspective using systems thinking to propose strategies, policy recommendations, and implications for introducing sustainable urban beekeeping.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.393-398
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• 2006

Currently, 54 kinds of digital maps are provided by National Geographic Information Clearinghouse and the majority of those maps are based on aerial photographs or satellite image. The digital maps which symbolize and simplifies the topography and objects from ortho-photos does not reflect the objects 'shapes and facilities' changes. Especially, underground structures and complex building shapes are not correctly identifies by ortho-photos. Furthermore, the 1/1,000 and 1/500-1/2,500 maps for urban area produced by some local government or public organizations have detailed information with high precision, it is not easy to update the information due to the frequent changes of structures in the city. Although some efforts to solve this problem such as conducting field survey and shorten the survey period were tried, it is not the fundamental solution due to the high cost. Therefore, in this study, a realtime renewal and update of digital map using general survey are suggested. By assigning absolute coordinates to the general survey products and matching with digital maps, it is possible to update the digital map economically and rapidly. In addition, it is suggested that the construction of DB for general survey and sharing among survey companies to solve the duplicated survey.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.263-264
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• 2006

City Train Technology that is large and complex system and consists of mechanical, electronic, electric, materials, computer, communication, civil/track etc. is very important area of railway industry, national fundamental industry. The standardization of city train system as a public transportation method and foundation of national economy is very important in order to do effective operation and to get fundamental technology, and the information system of the standards is required to operate the city train system effectively. By building data base of city train system design knowledge using computer-aided system engineering tool-Cradle, the system development issues and the design solutions are used by all engaged persons, and are managed by modeling and documentation. And this system will support architecture design consistently and effectively by applying this system to formalize early development process, to system requirements and configuration management, to system interface analysis and management and to system behavior analysis etc.. This study is for construction of data base of system design knowledge through making data base of many kinds of standards using CASE tool based on System Engineering Process, and introduces a model to support concurrent engineering for all engineers involved in system development allowing access to standard DB through Web from anywhere and at anytime.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.261-262
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• 2006

City Train Technology that is large and complex system and consists of mechanical, electronic, electric, materials, computer, communication, civil/track etc. is very important area of railway industry, national fundamental industry. The standardization of city train system as a public transportation method and foundation of national economy is very important in order to do effective operation and to get fundamental technology, and the information system of the standards is required to operate the city train system effectively. By building data base of city train system design knowledge using computer-aided system engineering tool-Cradle, the system development issues and the design solutions are used by all engaged persons, and are managed by modeling and documentation. And this system will support architecture design consistently and effectively by applying this system to formalize early development process, to system requirements and configuration management, to system interface analysis and management and to system behavior analysis etc.. This study is for construction of data base of system design knowledge through making data base of many kinds of standards using CASE tool based on System Engineering Process, and introduces a model to support concurrent engineering for all engineers involved in system development allowing access to standard DB through Web from anywhere and at anytime.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.259-260
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• 2006

City Train Technology that is large and complex system and consists of mechanical, electronic, electric, materials, computer, communication, civil/track etc. is very important area of railway industry, national fundamental industry. The standardization of city train system as a public transportation method and foundation of national economy is very important in order to do effective operation and to get fundamental technology, and the information system of the standards is required to operate the city train system effectively. By building data base of city train system design knowledge using computer-aided system engineering tool-Cradle, the system development issues and the design solutions are used by all engaged persons, and are managed by modeling and documentation. And this system will support architecture design consistently and effectively by applying this system to formalize early development process, to system requirements and configuration management, to system interface analysis and management and to system behavior analysis etc.. This study is for construction of data base of system design knowledge through making data base of many kinds of standards using CASE tool based on System Engineering Process, and introduces a model to support concurrent engineering for all engineers involved in system development allowing access to standard DB through Web from anywhere and at anytime.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 1993

This study was carried out to verificate the possibility of using the laboratory setting psycho-acoustic experiment compared with the field and to delineate the appropriate indices in evaluating the Noisiness of road traffic noise by means of psycho-acoustic method. Reviewing the typical patterns of traffic noises depending upon the shapes ad conditions of the road, the road traffic noises in several representative points in the major residential areas in Kwangju city were recorded and reproduced with the noise levels modified in various steps. With these 20 sound sources, psycho-acoustic experiments in the laboratory were performed on 11 volunteer subjects. And then, psycho-acoustic experiments in the real field were performed on 10 volunteer subjects to compare the results of the laboratory experiment, the results are summerized as follows : 1. The psycho-acoustic experiments in the laboratory elicited the data well matching with those obtained in the field, resulting in even higher corelation levels. This indicates that the field assessement of responses to the noise can be replaced by the evaluatioin in the laboratory settings which render many variables easily controlled and that the responses of the residents to the noise can be easily predicted in the laboratory by applying this method. 2. Also among the complex indices, such as Noise Pollution Level or Annoyance Index high correlations were detected. On the other hand, low corelations were noted among Traffic Noise Index. 3. Highly significant correlations were found among the direct indices such as Leq, L\sub 10\, On the other hand, low correlations were detected among L\sub 50\.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

At the moment many welfare complexes are being constructed in Korea as the welfare demand of contemporary society increases. However, there are a few useful guidelines for the planning of the welfare complexes. So it is not easy for the local governments to work out the proper plan for the construction of welfare complexes for their own. This study has been started in order to provide basic informations for the planning of Korean welfare complexes. The result of this study can be summarized into two points. The first one is that 8 welfare services (elderly, women, children, nursery, adolescence, handicapped, health care, public support) are necessary in general welfare complexes in local governments. The second one is that 4 welfare zones are desirable for the planning of welfare complexes. For example, the 1st zone is consist of welfare services for the adolescence, women and children, the 2nd zone for the elderly, handicapped, the 3rd zone for the public support and the 4th zone for the health care.