• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.212-219
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• 2023

Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) area presents a complex traffic pattern due to ships entering or leaving the port to utilize port facilities, as well as ships passing through the coastal area. To ensure safe and efficient management of maritime traffic, VTS operators continuously monitor and control vessels in real time. However, during periods of high traffic congestion, the workload of VTS operators increases, which can result in delayed or inadequate VTS services. Therefore, it would be beneficial to predict traffic congestion and congested areas to enable more efficient traffic control. Currently, such prediction relies on the experience of VTS operators. In this paper, we defined vessel traffic congestion from the perspective of a VTS operator. We proposed a method to generate traffic networks using historical navigational data and predict traffic congestion and congested areas. Experiments were performed to compare prediction results with real maritime data (Daesan port VTS) and examine whether the proposed method could support VTS operators.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.58-64
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• 2001

The quantity of container transportation of the world harbors is constantly increasing by 8.8％ per year until 2011. present port facilities will not satisfy it. So facility expansion is necessary. Because the processing cost in the harbor becomes to 30％ of total transportation expense, major ports in the world are making an effort in the automation facilities to solve the problems of higher labor costs and insufficient labor and to maximize the efficiency of the work and use of the land. Especially, the automation of the gate, which is the place of cargo's appearance and disappearance, the node which creates the information. is now rising as the important issue. In this study suggests more efficient design for port gate automation.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.5 s.77
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• pp.79-92
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore the various perspectives to read micro-history of Korean housing after the period of Opening the Port for foreigners. This study were designed to adapt original theory for exploring the unique housing perspectives without using strict basic assumption which were already developed in the area of sociology, history, anthropology and philosophy. Research method applied was literature review. Each perspective might give useful insight to read the micro-history of Korean housing on the way of change after the Period of Opening the Port in Korea. Adapted perspectives to housing history were critical theory perspective, microsociological perspective, everyday life perspective(phenomenology tradition, symbolic interaction tradition, Marxist tradition), discourse perspective, exchange theory perspective, conflict theory perspective, and life course perspective. Conclusively, each perspective must be adapted multi-supportively to read the housing phenomena, because housing change derived from complex causes and factors. The fruit of this study was to ensure the adaptable viewpoint to housing were useful to read the micro-history of housing change.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.143-144
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• 2006

The recent power systems are very complex and to model them completely is impractical for analysis of electromagnetic transient Therefore areas outside the immediate area of interest must be represented by some form of Frequency Dependent Network Equivalent (FDNE). In this paper a method for developing Frequency Dependent Network Equivalent (FDNE) using S-domain rational Function Fitting is presented and demonstrated. The FDNE is generated by Linearized Least Squares Fitting(LSF) of the frequency response of a S-domain formulation. This Three-port FDNE have been applied to the test AC power system. The electromagnetic transient package PSCAD/EMTDC is used to assess the transient response of the Three-port FDNE developed under different condition. The study results have indicated the robustness and accuracy of Three-port FDNE for analisys of electromagnetic transient and harmonic assessment.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.145-146
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• 2006

The recent power systems are very complex and to model them completely is impractical for analysis of electromagnetic transient. Therefore areas outside the immediate area of interest must be represented by some form of Frequency Dependent Network Equivalent (FDNE). In this paper a method for developing Frequency Dependent Network Equivalent (FDNE) using Z-domain rational Function Fitting is presented and demonstrated. The FDNE is generated by Linearized Least Squares Fitting(LSF) of the frequency response of a Z-domain formulation. This Three-port FDNE have been applied to the test AC power system. The electromagnetic transient package PSCAD/EMTDC is used to assess the transient response of the Three-port FDNE developed under different condition. The study results have indicated the robustness and accuracy of Three-port FDNE for analisys of electromagnetic transient and harmonic assessment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.73-76
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• 2006

Pilots and navigators have through history used everything available to support them in the execution of their task. From the simple sounding means (for instance a stick or a line with a heavy object tied to it) to the advanced electronic support systems that are available today. This means that apart from the more traditional side of his set of tasks the influence of modern technology is felt. In general it concerns such diverse and complex subjects that it requires the pilot to remain up to date with regard to the most modern techniques. In a sense this also concurs with the change form a provider of (local) knowledge to that of a manager of a high risk operation. More information flows can reach the pilot on the place where he executes his profession. With marginal scope the pilot has to translate such information to the situation in which he finds himself in order to give a balanced advice. Knowledge of the surroundings, variable circumstances in his specific area but also language and culture play a crucial role. This paper touches on the history of pilot support systems and examines the developments of pilot support systems in the present day operating environment and addresses the implications. These range from the historic basic needs for pilot information to the present and future possibilities, supporting the pilot to make the most precise assessment at each operational stage to continually execute a safe journey in and out of port.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.33-47
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• 1994

On developing port system, the performance tests of system in relation to ship maneuver generally consists of the three parts: the channel transit, the manoeuvring in a turning basin and the docking/undocking. The quantifications of risk of an accident has priviously been difficult due to the low occurrence of accidents relative to the number of transits. Additionally, accident statistics could not be related port system because of the large number of factors contributing to the accident. such as human error, equipment failure, visibility, light, traffic. etc. In case of the channel transit, "Relative Risk Factor(RRF)" or "Relative Risk Factor for Meeting Traffic" was proposed as the as the measures derived to quantify the relative risk of accident by M.W.Smith. This factor measure the tracking performance, the turning performance and the passing performance at meeting traffic. On the other hand, the safety of berthing maneuver is not measured with a few evaluating factors as controlled due to complex controllabilites such as steering, engine, side thrusters or tugs. This work, therefore, aims to propose the evaluating measure by the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP). Six experimental scenarios were establised under the various environmental conditions as independent variables. In every simulation, the difficulty of maneuver was scored by captain and compared with AHP scores. The results show almost same and from which the weights of eight evaluating factors could be fixed. Additionally, the limit value of relative factor in berthing safety to six scenarios could be estimated to 0.11.e estimated to 0.11.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 1997

The improvements of berth productivity is closely related to berth/port systems and its relationship extends to the overall pattern of port development/logistics, transport and trade. Since ports in general and berths in specific function as a bridge transferring seaborne cargoes from seaside to landside and vice versa, berth productivity improvements should be considered in terms of the total system in which the cargoes are transported from origin to destination via berths/ports. In that respect, the objective of this study is to improve berth productivity which is a vital factor in the strategic planning in port development and operation and logistics. According to a literature survey on the subject, the contents of the studies have been limited to either a macro-perspective or a micro-perspective which is only a partial solution to the problem. Hence, this limitation requires an integrated approach to find and ultimate solution, which should be considered not separately, but as a whole. The contents and scope of this study cover the improvements of berth productivity in conjunction with strategic planning in port development. efficient operation and logistics from two different viewpoints, macro- and micro-perspective. After that, a combination of these two perspectives is applied to the integrated approach due to lacking a comprehensive perspective from either macro-approach or micro-approach. In reality, a port itself is a complex and dynamic organization. Therefore, a comprehensive insight needs an integrated approach for the long-term national economic development. In this approach, the utmost importance is how to find the bottlenecks and to solve the problems effectively from the beginning stage in port development. In conclusion, derived from the macro- and micro-perspective. the attempt to establish an integrated approach is the merit of this study, which is required as a comprehensive measure since none of the two can be a solution independently. In terms of reinforcing this study, it needs further empirical research due to the restriction of the theoretical method of this paper. Consequently, the reinforced research will be able to enhance the integrated approach on the basis of the conceptual perspective.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.81-111
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• 2013

Along with a general growth in living standards there has been a corresponding increase in the demand for tourism. Cruise based tourism, in particular, has become one of the most dynamic and dramatic growth sectors in the tourism industry over the last 20 years, including in the Northeast Asian region. In line with the growth of passenger numbers, the number of cruise ships and their berth capacities has increased significantly since the late 1970s. Korea, as a peninsular nation, has also experienced a rapid growth in cruise passenger numbers. The national economy has greatly benefited from this as the industry acts as an income generator, creating new jobs and potential investments and in developing local tourism. Ports play an important role in the development of any national cruise industry, providing not only ship berths but supply and bunkering facilities and a gateway to local tourism opportunities. The selection of the optimal cruise port location is an important and complex problem because the decision makers have to consider a large number of criteria which have a significant effect on the economy, environment, human life, and society. This paper investigates those criteria that are significant in developing a successful cruise port by employing a questionnaire survey of major cruise port users - shipping companies and tourism companies. The ports, surveyed in this study are Busan, Incheon, Yeosu and Jeju. All have been identified as important potential cruise ports in the Korean Government's 'The 3rd Port Basic Plan (2011-2020)'.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.42-47
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• 2001

Analyzing the ECG signal, we can find heart disease, for example, arrhythmia and myocardial infarction, etc. Particularly, detecting arrhythmia is more important, because serious arrhythmia can take away the life from patients within ten minutes. In this paper, we would like to introduce the signal processing for ECG analysis and the device made for wireless communication of ECG data. In the signal processing, the wavelet transform decomposes the ECG signal into high and low frequency components using wavelet function. Recomposing the high frequency bands including QRS complex, we can detect QRS complex and eliminate the noise from the original ECG signal. To recognize the ECG signal pattern, we adopted the polynomial approximation partially and statistical method. The ECG signal is divided into small parts based on QRS complex, and then, each part is approximated to the polynomials. Comparing the approximated ECG pattern with the database, we can detect and classify the heart disease. The ECG detection device consists of amplifier, filters, A/D converter and RF module. After amplification and filtering, the ECG signal is fed through the A/D converter to be digitalized. The digital ECG data is transmitted to the personal computer through the RF transceiver module and serial port.