• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2017

Purpose: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an indicator of arterial stiffness, and is considered a marker of vascular damage. However, a genome-wide association study analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) has not been conducted in healthy populations. We performed this study to identify SNPs associated with baPWV in healthy populations in Korea. Materials and Methods: Genomic SNPs data for 2,407 individuals from three sites were analyzed as part of the Korean Genomic Epidemiologic Study. Without replication samples, we performed multivariable analysis as a post hoc analysis to verify the findings in site adjusted analysis. Healthy subjects aged between 40 and 70 years without self-reported history or diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and cancer were included. We excluded subjects with a creatinine level >1.4 mg/dL (men) and 1.2 mg/dL (women). Results: In the site-adjusted association analysis, significant associations (P<$5{\times}10^{-8}$) with baPWV were detected for only 5 SNPs with low minor allele frequency. In multivariable analysis adjusted by age, sex, height, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, site, smoking, alcohol, and exercise, 11 SNPs were found to be associated (P<$5{\times}10^{-8}$) with baPWV. The 5 SNPs (P<$5{\times}10^{-8}$) linked to three genes (OPCML, PRR35 and RAB40C) were common between site-adjusted analysis and multivariable analysis. However, meta-analysis of the result from three sites for the 11 SNPs showed no significant associations. Conclusion: Using the recent standard for genome-wide association study, we did not find any evidence of significant association signals with baPWV.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.93-110
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• 1992

The most change in this century is supposed to be declination of ideology, and block of world economy. Addition to down full of cold war atmosphere around Northeast Asia, not only economic and social mood in this region is dramatically changed, but also it gave birth to the block of Northeast economy that accerlated new hub of world economy. According to dramatic change of economic surroundings the dynamic potential of growth in this region will be guided to enlarge inter-regional trade and increase volume of trade, thus suggests to grow steadily transportation. cargos in this region will have to arrange the system of delivery and inner transportation, accessary facilities, inter-regional harbors if North America and EC has connected easily. As have accerlated GATT and UR represented multilateralism and regionalism, it has regulated to increase trades of region due to relief of the trade barrier through specific areas has agreed with separately. The flow of regionalism of world economy has appeared to realize EC and NAFTA centered U.S.A, and also has presented to free trade region or one-size market agreement in Asia as APEC, EAEG in Malaysia, and etc. In defense to this block and internationalism of world economy, Pusan has to come forward to the hub of Northeast others has proposed a project to dominate the Northeast, Economy Association Agreement as Far East comprehensive development project in USSR, Hunchun development project in NK, and East Sea development project in PRC, Niigate regional development in Japan, Duman River development project in NK, and East Sea development project in Korea. As this exercise has proceed, Pusan also have arranged development strategy definitely and prepared provisions systematically. Engaging to participate center of delivery system is meant to be completed complex functions, namely the transfer storage processing & assembly function of international commodity. Pusan has ability to be terminal point of TSR. it had been connected to EC as the biggest economy block and TKR as complex transportation root to Far East, it would be the center of inground and seabase delivery terminal to Rotterdom as the biggest container pier and major piers to North-East and South East Asia. In order to provide a Role of 21 century's internationalization, Pusan has appealed to participate in management information research and development connected to Pohang-Ulsan-Changwon-Masan, and has utilized efficiently the resources such as man, material, money and information.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.106-117
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• 2016

Osteoporosis is a major health problem that can lead to mortality. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis separately and to assess the risk factors associated with osteopenia/osteoporosis in Korean men aged 50 years and over. A total of 1,136 subjects were analyzed among the participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010~2011 by using SPSS statistics complex samples (windows ver. 23.0). The prevalence rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis were 46.3% and 7.3%, respectively, and the mean ages of both osteopenia and osteoporosis risk groups were significantly higher than that of the normal group. The mean values for lifetime tallest height and bone mineral density in whole body, total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the risk group(osteopenia/osteoporosis) than in the normal group, whereas the mean values for height, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides of the two groups showed no significant differences. The intakes of energy and carbohydrates were significantly higher in the risk group than in the normal group. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that being underweight and having hypercholesterolemia were significantly related with the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, whereas health habits such as smoking and exercise, chronic diseases such as obesity and hypertension, and nutrient intakes were not. These findings suggest the need for further studies to examine osteopenia/osteoporosis risk factors and outcomes specificly focused on Korean men.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.138-142
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• 2012

Background : Electrical burns are one of the most devastating types of injuries, and can be characterized by the conduction of electric current through the deeper soft tissue such as vessels, nerves, muscles, and bones. For that reason, the extent of an electric burn is very frequently underestimated on initial impression. Methods : From July 1999 to June 2006, we performed 15 cases of toe tissue transfer for the reconstruction of finger defects caused by electrical burns. We performed preoperative range of motion exercise, early excision, and coverage of the digital defect with toe tissue transfer. Results : We obtained satisfactory results in both functional and aesthetic aspects in all 15 cases without specific complications. Static two-point discrimination results in the transferred toe cases ranged from 8 to 11 mm, with an average of 9.5 mm. The mean range of motion of the transferred toe was $20^{\circ}$ to $36^{\circ}$ in the distal interphalangeal joint, $16^{\circ}$ to $45^{\circ}$ in the proximal interphalangeal joint, and $15^{\circ}$ to $35^{\circ}$ in the metacarpophalangeal joint. All of the patients were relatively satisfied with the function and appearance of their new digits. Conclusions : The strategic management of electrical injury to the hands can be both challenging and complex. Because the optimal surgical method is free tissue transfer, maintenance of vascular integrity among various physiological changes works as a determining factor for the postoperative outcome following the reconstruction.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.497-510
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• 1995

This study was carried out to assess work ability of manufacturing workers and managerial workers. Subjects were 446 manufacturing workers and 278 managerial workers employed in Gumi industrial complex and the observation period was for 1 month(February to March), 1995. In this study, as a questionnaire for the assessment of work ability, we used the Work Ability Index(WAI) which was developed by Institute of Occupational Health in Finland. Major findings obtained from this study were as follows ; WAI was poor in lower economic condition, shift work, irregular diet group(p<0.05). There were no evident trends of WAS in sex, educational level, obesity index, exercise, smoking, and alcohol drinking. In the groups of sensitive to perception of stress, other industrial classification except textile and electronics, the more than 9 hours work, the evident trends of poor WAS were observed(p<0.01). In the groups of $30\sim39$ years old, $40\sim49$ years old, unmarried, high school, shift work, standard body weight, and regular .diet, WAI between manufacturing workers and managerial workers was significantly different(p<0.01) and WAI of managerial worker was worse than that of manufacturing worker.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.183-196
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• 2011

There has recently been a surge of interest in relational database mining that aims to discover useful patterns across multiple interlinked database relations. It is crucial for a learning algorithm to explore the multiple inter-connected relations so that important attributes are not excluded when mining such relational repositories. However, from a data privacy perspective, it becomes difficult to identify all possible relationships between attributes from the different relations, considering a complex database schema. That is, seemingly harmless attributes may be linked to confidential information, leading to data leaks when building a model. Thus, we are at risk of disclosing unwanted knowledge when publishing the results of a data mining exercise. For instance, consider a financial database classification task to determine whether a loan is considered high risk. Suppose that we are aware that the database contains another confidential attribute, such as income level, that should not be divulged. One may thus choose to eliminate, or distort, the income level from the database to prevent potential privacy leakage. However, even after distortion, a learning model against the modified database may accurately determine the income level values. It follows that the database is still unsafe and may be compromised. This paper demonstrates this potential for privacy leakage in multi-relational classification and illustrates how such potential leaks may be detected. We propose a method to generate a ranked list of subschemas that maintains the predictive performance on the class attribute, while limiting the disclosure risk, and predictive accuracy, of confidential attributes. We illustrate and demonstrate the effectiveness of our method against a financial database and an insurance database.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2006

We investigated space establishment and land use of children's parks by studying movement of users in and out of the parks with a questionnaire survey, video and analysis, and then analyzed the characteristics of how the facilities and the space of the parte are used. The results are as follows. First, when considering the character of the facilities of children's parks, entertainment facilities should receive priority followed by those for relaxation and those for convenience. When considering the position of facilities in the parks, because activity spaces may have similar functions to multi-purpose paved spaces, common use of these two spaces should be considered. Entrances and lines of movement should be kept in mind. Second, when considering the surrounding land uses, in case a play facility at a large-sized complex or an elementary school is adjacent, the exercise facilities may be more important, followed by play and rest facilities. In case there is a broad path around the parte, the way in which movement occurs into the central axis should be considered so that the other side of the broad way is not included in the children's play space. Third, proper control of roads adjacent to the parse is needed to protect children from danger.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2018

본 연구는 당뇨병 관리교육 경험유무에 따른 건강행태, 당뇨병 관리 차이를 분석하고, 당뇨병 환자의 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위해 지역사회건강조사를 활용한 이차자료 분석연구이다. 연구결과, 당뇨병 관리교육 경험군이 비경험군보다 흡연, 음주, 신체활동, 식생활 등에서 적절한 건강행태를 보이는 비율이 높았고, 당뇨병 관리에 있어서도 경험군이 비경험군보다 당뇨병 관리에 참여하는 비율이 높았다. 당뇨병 환자의 건강관련 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인은 침상와병경험, 주관적 스트레스, 우울감 경험, 초등학교이하의 학력, 연령증가는 부정적인 영향을 보였고, 긍정적인 주관적 건강인지, 걷기운동 실천, 중등도 운동 실천, 월간음주, 직업있음, 배우자있음, 높은 주관적 행복감은 긍정적인 영향을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과, 아직도 많은 수의 당뇨병 환자들이 교육경험이 없는 것으로 나타났으므로 당뇨병 환자의 교육 참여를 높일 수 있는 정책적 고려가 필요하리라 생각되며, 당뇨병 환자들이 스트레스 인지가 높고, 우울감 경험등 정신건강이 취약한 것으로 나타났으므로 관리교육내용에 정신건강에 도움이 되는 교육내용이 포함될 것을 제언한다.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2010

This study aims to find out the present conditions of pilotis space, and the usage and requests of it by residents as to suggest the direction in planning pilotis spaces in apartment housing. This study selected six apartment complexes, and conducted case-studies and surveys of them. The study findings are as follows. 1) The types of pilotis spaces of the apartment housing can be categorized into an entry type, a community type, a recreational type, a bicycle storage type, a pedestrian passage type, a parking type, and a visual passage type. As a result of studying the present conditions, pilotis spaces of a recreational type were the most, and a community type and a parking type were not found. It was found that diverse types of pilotis spaces need to be planned in consideration of the characteristics of an apartment complex and its residents. 2) As for residents' time spent in using the pilotis space, they spent little time. This can be attributed to the fact that most pilotis spaces were designed only with simple flat benches, and gazebos, which seemingly failed to draw residents' attention. Therefore, the spaces need to be planned for diverse purposes after examining residents' needs, which can include indoor exercise equipments and children's play facilities. 3) Regarding the residents' requests about pilotis spaces in the apartment housing, the most widely requested was using it as a community space. Also, many requested to use it as a library, and a children's play space. Therefore, it needs to be considered to plan the pilotis space for providing diverse programs.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.802-816
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• 1999

The purposes of this research were to identify nursing interventions performed by Korean nurses and to compare the interventions performed by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals and with those performed by nurses working in the general hospitals. The samples consisted of 144 Korean nurses working in three hospitals, 70 nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals and 74 nurses working in the general hospitals. The Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) Use Questionnaire developed by the Iowa Intervention Project team was translated to Korean and verified using the method of back-translation. The questionnaire consists of 433 intervention labels and definition. Thirteen interventions were used at least daily by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals, while twenty-one interventions were used at least daily by nurses working in the general hospitals. The most frequently used interventions by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals were Documentation, Shift Report Vital Signs Monitoring, Pressure Ulcer Prevention, Positioning, Fall Prevention, Exercise Promotion, Intravenous (IV) Therapy, Pressure Ulcer care, and Bed Rest Care in that crder. For nurses working in the general hospitals the most frequent intervention was Analgesic Administration, followed by the interventions of Medication Administration : Parenteral and Intravenous Therapy (IV) Therapy, Documentation, Intravenous(IV) Insertion, Shift Report, Fall Prevention, Vital Signs Monitoring, Medication Adnninistraction : and, Fluid Monitoring, and Medication Maragement in that order. The interventions performed least often by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals were Hemodialysis Therapy and Bleeding Reduction : Antepartum Uterus, while the interventions performed least often by nurses working in the general hospitals were Rape Trauma Treatment and Contact Lens Care. The nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals performed the interventions in the Physiological : Complex domain significantly more often than the nurses working in the general hospitals, while the nurses working in the general hospitals performed the intervention in the Behavior domain significantly more often than the nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals. This study suggests that further study will be needed to developed and validate more interventions sensitive to Korean culture.