• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.335-338
• /
• 2009

Aerial parts of Sida rhombifolia Linn. (Malvaceae) were extracted successively using various solvents and screened for various parameters of antiarthritic activity such as adjuvant-induced arthritis, motor performance, and histopathological study. The ethanol and the aqueous extracts showed potent activity; further these extracts were fractionated by using column chromatography. The fraction ET1 isolated from ethanol extract showed the most potent antiarthritic activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food and Cookery Science Conference
• /
• 2005.10a
• /
• pp.132-132
• /
• 2005

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.236.1-236.1
• /
• 2000

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.115-131
• /
• 2008

실험목적 : 빈소산은 11가지 생약으로 구성된 복합 한약 처방으로 관절염을 포함한 다양한 염증성 질환의 치료제로 사용되어 왔으나, 관절염에 대한 직접적인 효력평가는 찾아 보기 힘들다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 빈소산 추출물이 Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)로 유발된 rat 류마티스성 관절염에 미치는 치료 효과를 dexamethasone (15mg/kg, 복강 투여) 의 효과와 비교 평가하였다. 실험방법 : 류마티스성 관절염은 FCA (10mg in 1ml paraffin oil 0.1ml/rats)를 좌측 후지에 피내 투여하여 유발하였다. 실험동물은 Wistar 랫트를 사용하였고, FCA 투여 14일 후 유사한 무릎관절 둘레를 나타내는 류마티스성 관절염 유발 rat와 정상 rat 및 실험군을 그룹당 9마리씩 나누었다. 실험동물은 100 또는 200mg/kg의 빈소산 추출물을 FCA 투여 14일 후부터 14일간 경구 투여하였으며, dexamethasone은 15mg/kg 농도로 복강 투여한 다음, 희생하여, 체중, 연골내 collagen 함량 및 chondroitin sulphate, heparin sulphate 및 hyaluronic acid와 같은 뼈내 glycosaminoglycan 함량의 변화를 각각 관찰하였다. 실험결과는 항염 효과가 이미 입증되어 있는 dexamethasone 15mg/kg 복강 투여군과 비교하였다. 결과 : FCA 투여는 현저한 체중, 연골내 collagen 함량 및 chondroitin sulphate, heparin sulphate 및 hyaluronic acid와 같은 뼈내 glycosaminoglycan 함량의 감소와 함께 유발 관절 둘레 및 조직내 prostaglandin $E_2$의 증가와 같은 전형적인 류마티스성 염증을 초래하였으나, 이러한 류마티스성 관절염 소견은 dexamethasone 및 모든 용량의 빈소산 추출물 투여에 의해 현저히 억제되었으며, 특히 빈소산 투여군에서는 투여 용량 의존적인 감소가 인정되었다. 결론 : 이상에서 빈소산 추출물은 투여 용량 의존적인 prostaglandin $E_2$ 억제를 매개하여 FCA 유발 류마티스성 관절염에 대한 치료 효과를 나타내는 것으로 관찰되었다. 따라서 새로운 관절염에 대한 치료제로서 개발 가능성이 있을 것으로 판단된다. 한편 빈소산 추출물은 주로 prostaglandin $E_2$ 억제작용에 의해 항염 효과를 나타내는 것으로 관찰되었으나, 금후 다른 작용기전에 대한 연구와 빈소산의 구성성분 중 유효 성분 규명을 위한 실험이 수행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.223-230
• /
• 2002

Vitamin D is one of important factors involved in the regulation of bone metabolism. In osteoporosis, the therapeutic effect of vitamin D on the healing process has still been controversial. To confirm the effects of $1{\alpha},\;25\;Dihydroxyvitamin\;D_3$ on the osteoporosis, the change of bone mineral density and the histologic changes of osteoporotic femur were examined comparatively in normal control group (positive control), CFA control group (negative control), CFA+$1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_{3}\;0.01{\mu}g/kg$ group (Vit $D_{3}L$) and CFA+$1{\alpha}$, 25 dihydroxyvitamin $D_{3}\;0.1{\mu}g/kg$ group (Vit $D_{3}H$) after osteoporosis was induced by single injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in rats. The value of bone mineral density and bone mineral content of femur was increased in both Vit $D_{3}L$ and Vit $D_{3}H$ than CFA control, and the increase rate of that was higher in Vit $D_{3}H$ than Vit $D_{3}L$. In CFA control, the size of the bone marrow cavities significantly increased and the width from the bone marrow cavity and cortex significantly decreased than normal control. In Vit $D_{3}H$ and Vit $D_{3}L$, the increase rate of the size of bone marrow cavity and the decrease rate of the width from the bone marrow cavity and cortex was depressed than CFA control. These results suggest that $1{\alpha},\;25\;Dihydroxyvitamin\;D_3$ has therapeutic effect on adjuvant-induced osteoporosis in rats.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.97-114
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The object of this study is to observe the favorable anti arthritic effects of Sowhalrack-dan($Xi\check{a}ohu\acute{o}lu\grave{o}-d\bar{a}n$)(SWRD), which has been traditionally used in Korean medicine to treat rheumatoid arthritis on Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA) induced arthritic Wistar rats. Methods : Rheumatoid arthritis was induced by intradermal injection of FCA(10 mg in 1 ml paraffin oil 0.1 ml/rats). Each of 8 rats showing regular ankle circumferences per group were selected in 14 days after FCA treatment to confirm the induction of rheumatoid arthritis. 300, 150 or 75 mg/kg of SWRD was orally administered once a day for 14 days from 14 days after FCA treatments. Dexamethasone was intraperitoneally administered 15 mg/kg, once a day for 14 days from 14 days after FCA treatments. Rats were sacrificed after 14 days of continuous oral treatment of SWRD or intraperitoneal administration of dexamethasone, and changes were observed; the body weight, knee circumferences, gross arthritis score, inflammatory tissue $prostaglandin(PG)E_2$ levels and cartilage collagen, glucosaminoglycans compositions - chondroitin sulphate, heparin sulphate and hyaluronic acid in the present study. Results : As results of FCA treatment, classic rheumatoid arthritis featuring dramatical decreases on the body weights, cartilage collagen contents and bone glucosaminoglycans - chondroitin sulphate, heparin sulphate and hyaluronic acid contents. Also, it increases the knee circumferences, gross arthritis scores and inflammatory tissue $PGE_2$ levels. However, these changes from FCA induced rheumatoid arthritis were clearly reduced due to the dexamethasone and both two different dosages of SWRD, 300 and 150 mg/kg in the present study. Although FCA induced arthritis were more favorably inhibited by treatment of dexamethasone 15 mg/kg compared to SWRD 300 mg/kg, marked decreases of body weights were detected in dexamethasone 15 mg/kg treated rats. Conclusions : The results obtained in this study suggest that over 150 mg/kg of SWRD showed favorable anti-arthritic effects on the FCA induced arthritis mediated by suppression of $PGE_2$. However, detailed mechanism studies are needed with the screening of the biological active compounds in SWRD. Although FCA induced arthritis were more favorably inhibited by treatment of dexamethasone 15 mg/kg compared to SWRD 300 mg/kg, marked decreases of body weights were detected in dexamethasone 15 mg/kg treated rats, in the present study.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2012

Objective : To investigate effects of herbal preparations formulated(Gihyeolgwanjeolbang-A, CWS-A) on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. Method : Arthritis was induced by injecting CFA subcutaneously into the left knee joint and paw, and the herbal preparations formulated(CWS-A I, 82.3 mg/kg ; CWS-A II, 164.6 mg/kg) was administered orally (i.g.) for 10 consecutive days beginning on day 10 after the injection. External shape, paw edema, inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), and histological observation were assessed. Result : In swelling of the paw, CWS-A I and CWS-A II group in 15 days and 20 days were significantly reduced compared to controls. In serum ALT, CWS-A I and CWS-A II group were significantly reduced compared to controls. In TNF-${\alpha}$, CWS-A I and CWS-A II group were a tendency reduced compared to controls. In HGB, HCT, MCHC of erythrocytes, CWS-A II group was increased compared to controls. In histological observations, CWS-A II group was observed synoviocytes more than control group and was observed proteoglycans in the deep layers. Conclusion : The data suggest that CWS-A significant anti-arthritic effects that may be mediated by suppressing inflammatory parameters.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 2005

The purpose of the present study was to investigate differences in the sensitizing potential of Rhus Veniciflua(Rhus-II), when tested by the guinea pig maximization test(GPMT) and Freund's complete adjuvant test(FCAT) with an identical, intradermal induction concentration. A new grading classification of the sensitization potential is proposed. The GPMT was conducted according to OECD guideline $\#406$, using a multiple-dose design and test results were analysed with logistic regression analysis. During the induction stage, we injected intradermally each three site 0.1 ml(l mg/animal) test material, 0.1 ml complete Freund's adjuvant and 0.lml the test agent emulsified in the adjuvant. 7 days later, we induced weak sensitization with $10\%$ sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS) and applide 1ml(l0mg/animal) test agent topically on the same site and made a tight occlusion. 14 days later we challenged with 1 ml(l 0mg/animal) of test material on the flank and observed ant 24 hours and 48 hours later. The results were also observed $0\%$ at 24 hours challenge. The results observed 48 hours after challenge were the identical. These data indicated that, although Rhus-II is a no contact allergen. It was reported that the skin sensitization by Rhus-II was not detected the skin sensitization in the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). Consequently, it was confirmed that Rhus-II had no contact allergic sensitization in guinea pig maximization test.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.400-404
• /
• 2006

This study demonstrates the anti-arthritic effect of topical application of ketoprofen gel containing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in adjuvant arthritis therapy. Adjuvant arthritis was induced by a single injection of Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Mature female Sprague-Dawley rats were designated to 3 groups such as control group, K10 group (ketoprofen 10 mg/rat), and NK10 group (ketoprofen 10 mg/rat containing NMP). The anti-arthritic activity of ketoprofen containing NMP was tested not only as to its capability to suppress the inflammatory edema, but also bone damage (X-ray score and regional bone uptake) of the hind paw in arthritis-induced rats. These results showed a higher efficacy of ketoprofen containing NMP than ketoprofen treatment in the adjuvant-induced arthritis. Ketoprofen containing NMP has good intrinsic characteristics for formulation in an efficacious anti-inflammatory topical application.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.169-189
• /
• 2000

To investigate effects of vanous herbal-acupuncture, which were Daebangpungtang, Oyaksungisan, Dokhwalgisaengtang, and Binsosan on Adjuvant Arthritis in rats, the edema rate, the number of WBC, the quantity of TNF-${\alpa}$, COX -2, and IL-6, and histological test of the muscular tissue were measured in the arthritis part. After elicilating arthritis of Sprague Dawely(SD) rats by injection of Freund's complets adjuvant for 2 weeks, saline was injected for the control group, Daebangpungtang acua-acupuncture was injected for the Daebangpungtang group, Oyaksungisan acua-acupuncture was injected for the Oyaksungisan group, Dokhwalgisaengtang acua-acupuncture was injected for the Dokhwalgisaengtang group, and Binsosan acua-acupuncture was injected for the Binsosan group during 30days. Selected point was ST35 in all groups. 1. The number of WBC was $8.24{\pm}0.51$($10^3$/ml) in the normal group and $27.35{\pm}3.51$($10^3$/ml) in the control group. the Daebangpungtang group and the Oyaksungisan group decreased each $20.42{\pm}2.75$($10^3$/ml) and $19.78{\pm}4.99$($10^3$/ml) in the Exp.ll group. This fact showed that the group Exp.ll was more effective than the control group effectively. (P<0.05) 2. The volume of the paw were checked. The volume of paw was $0.62{\pm}0.11mm in the control group and $0.45{\pm}0.08$mm in the Daebangpungtang group and $0.47{\pm}0.07$mm in the Oyaksungisan group, the swelling of the paw was restricted significantly in the Daebangpungtang and Oyaksungisan group(P<0.05) 3. The bands of the TNF-${\alpa}$, COX -2 in the muscular tissue of the control group wcre certain and thick than other groups(except normal group), and the band of the IL-6 in the muscular tissue of all group(except normal group) were similar forms. 4. In histological finding, because of severe inflammatory reaction, remarkably irregular tissue and large amount of inflammatory cells were found in thc control and Dokhwalgisaengtang group. But the Oyaksungisan and Daebangpul1gtang group showed small amount of inflammatory cells, the refrained inflammatory state and even recovering state. From these results, it is showed Oyaksugisan and Daebangpungtang acua-acupuncturc refrain inflammatory reaction and muscular tissue necrosis in SD rats paw were induced by Freund's complete adjuvant