• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.91-94
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• 1993

A 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (3-IPMD) gene was cloned from Kluyveromyces fragilis. pJK104 could complement Escherichia coli leuB and Saccharomyces cerevisiae leu2 auxotrophs. The coding region was subcloned and the nucleotide sequence was determined. A 1.8 Kb EcoRI/SphI fragment of pJK104 subcloned in pUC18 could still complement the leuB mutation. An open reading frame of 1164 bp that corresponds to a polypeptide of 387 amino acids was found in the cloned fragment. The homology between the 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase of S. cerevisiae and that of K. fragilis was 68.13％ in nucleotides.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.167-174
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• 1984

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.3-11
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• 1996

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.3-5
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• 1964

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.311-319
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• 2013

Fish larvae are immediately exposed to microbes from hatching to maturation of their lymphoid organs, therefore effective innate mechanisms is very important for survival in such an environment. The key component of innate immune system, C3 is central protein of all activation pathways of the complement system, leading to inflammatory reactions, such as opsonisation, chemotaxis, and cell lysis of pathogens. Although, innate mechanisms is essential for survival in the early stage of development, little is known about defence mechanisms. In this study, the alignment analysis showed that amino acid sequence of C3 from olive flounder liver EST homologous to other known C3 sequences with 73-99% identity. Also, we examined the tissue distribution of olive flounder C3 and analyzed expression pattern from the fertilized egg until 28 days post hatching. As a result, olive flounder C3 mRNA was expressed only in the liver and the mRNA level more increased as developmental proceed during the early stage. These results may suggest that olive flounder C3 plays an important function in the early immune response of olive flounder larvae.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.879-884
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• 2002

Cold and hot water fractions of Diospyros kaki were screened to determine its anti-complementary activity. Flour of Diospyros kaki leaf (250 g) was boiled at $100^{\circ}C$ for 3 h and passed through a membrane of 10 kDa molecular weight (DK-0). DK-0 was precipitated with ethanol and refluxed with methanol to obtain the crude polysaccharide (DKC). DKC-1 was isolated by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Toyopearl 650C, and DKC-1c was purified from DKC-1 by size exclusion chromatography on Bio gel P-60. The anti-complementary activities of DKC-1c at $1000\;{\mu}g/mL$ were 85.4 and 61.1% via whole and alternative pathways, respectively. DKC-1c was determined as a neutral polysaccharide composed of glucose (29.0 mol.%), arabinose (24.3 mol.%), and galactose (16.2 mol.%) with the molecular weight of 66.6 kDa. Results of agarose gel immunoelectrophoresis revealed DKC-1c, as a complement activator, cleaved C3 into C3a and C3b via both pathways.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6527-6531
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• 2012

Purpose: Complement receptor 1 (CR1) is induced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and may be a potential biomarker of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We conducted the present study to evaluate the association of CR1 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of NPC. Methods: We enrolled 145 NPC patients and 110 controls. Expression levels of CR1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were detected using quantitative real-time PCR and associations with clinicopathological features and prognosis were examined. Results: CR1 levels in the NPC group [3.54 (3.34, 3.79)] were slightly higher than those in the controls [3.33 (3.20, 3.47)] (P<0.001). Increased CR1 expression was associated with histology classification (type III vs. type II, P=0.002), advanced clinical stage (P=0.003), high T stage (P=0.017), and poor overall survival (HR, 4.89; 95% CI, 1.23-19.42; P=0.024). However, there were no statistically significant differences in CR1 expression among N or M stages. Conclusion: These findings indicate that CR1 expression in PBMCs may be a new biomarker for prognosis of NPC and a potential therapeutic target.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.743-748
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• 2006

The complement (C) regulatory proteins decay accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) and CD59 could protect host cells using different mechanisms from C-mediated damage at two distinct levels within the C pathway. Co-expression of DAF and CD59 would be an effective strategy to help overcome host C-induced xenograft hyperacute rejection. In this study, we made a construct of recombinant expression vector containing DAF and CD59 cDNA and the stable cell lines were obtained by G418 selection. Extraneous genes integration and co-expression were identified by PCR, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Human c-mediated cytolysis assays showed that NIH/3T3 cells transfected stably with pcDNA3-CD59, pcDNA3-DAF, and pcDNA3-CD59DAF-DP were protected from C-mediated damage and that synchronously expressed human CD59 and DAF provided the most excellent protection for host cells as compared with either human CD59 or DAF expressed alone. Therefore, the construct represents an effective and efficacy strategy to overcome C-mediated damage in cells and, ultimately, in animals.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.97-119
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• 1972

Studies on modified complement fixation (MCF) test of antiblackleg bovine serum were made and the results obtained were summarized as followings. 1. The most satisfactory antigen for the MCF test among various materials studied was found to be the vegetative cells of Cl, chauvoei grown in cooked meat medium (CMM) containing 0.5mM l-(alpha) alanine and 0.1mM manganese. The antigen was prepared by inoculating the spores of Cl. chauvoei, heated at $70^{\circ}C$. for 30 minutes, into the CMM followed by incubation at $37^{\circ}C$. for 15 hours. 2. An active component contained in the factor serum of fresh normal rabbit serum was found to be C'4 fraction. It was also shown that, furthermore, DEAE cellulose sieved C'4 fraction of the factor serum enhanced antibody titer and the highest antibody titer was resulted by the addition of 0.03 ml, of the factor serum to each tube. 3. More than four fold increases of antibody titer, in antiblbckleg bovine serum-antigen system, was made with the MCF test than that with the direct complement fixation test. 4. The MCF antibody titer of cattle vaccinated against blackleg was 128 until seven month and 64 for five months thereafter.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.579-586
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• 1999

Complement-mediated neutrophil activation has been hypothesized to be an important mechanism of reperfusion injury. It has been proposed that C1 esterase inhibitor (C1 INH) may prevent the complement- dependent activation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) that occurs within postischemic myocardium. Therefore, The effect of C1 INH was examined in neutrophil dependent isolated perfused rat heart model of ischemia (I) (20 min) and reperfusion (R) (45 min). Administration of C1 INH (5 mg/Kg) to I/R hearts in the presence of PMNs $(100{\times}10^6)$ and homologous plasma improved coronary flow and preserved cardiac contractile function (p＜0.001) in comparison to those I/R hearts receiving only vehicle. In addition, C1 INH significantly (p＜0.001) reduced PMN accumulation in the ischemic myocardium as evidenced by an attenuation in myeloperoxidase activity. These findings demonstrate the C1 INH is a potent and effective cardioprotective agent inhibits leukocyte-endothelial interaction and preserves cardiac contractile function and coronary perfusion following myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.