• Progress in Medical Physics
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2016

Intrafractional motion of patients, such as respiratory motion during radiation treatment, is an important issue in image-guided radiotherapy. The accuracy of the radiation treatment decreases as the motion range increases. We developed a control system for a robotic patient immobilization system that enables to reduce the range of tumor motion by compensating the tumor motion. Fusion technology, combining robotics and mechatronics, was developed and applied in this study. First, a small-sized prototype was established for use with an industrial miniature robot. The patient immobilization system consisted of an optical tracking system, a robotic couch, a robot controller, and a control program for managing the system components. A multi speed and position control mechanism with three degrees of freedom was designed. The parameters for operating the control system, such as the coordinate transformation parameters and calibration parameters, were measured and evaluated for a prototype device. After developing the control system using the prototype device, a feasibility test on a full-scale patient immobilization system was performed, using a large industrial robot and couch. The performances of both the prototype device and the realistic device were evaluated using a respiratory motion phantom, for several patterns of respiratory motion. For all patterns of motion, the root mean squared error of the corresponding detected motion trajectories were reduced by more than 40%. The proposed system improves the accuracy of the radiation dose delivered to the target and reduces the unwanted irradiation of normal tissue.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.1702-1708
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• 2013

OLED has good efficiency of power consumption by having no power consumption from black color as different with LCD. when it has white color, all RGB pixel should be glowing with high power consumption and that can make it has short life time. This paper suggest the way of low power consumption for OLED panel using adaptive luminance enhancement with color compensation and implement it as hardware. This way which is based on luminance information of input image makes converted luminance value from each pixel in real time. There is with using the basic idea of chromaticity reduction algorithm, showing new algorithm of color correction. And performance of proposed method was confirmed by comparing the conventional method in experiments about 48.43% current reduction. The proposed method was designed by Verilog HDL and was verified by using OpenCV and Windows Program.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2008

A spirally arrayed nano-pattern is designed as a model pattern for the next generation optical storage media. The pattern consists off types of embossed rectangular dot, which are 50nm, 100nm, 150nm and 200nm in length and 50nm in width. The height of the dot is designed to be 50nm. The pitch of the spiral track of the pattern is 100nm. A ER(Electron resist) master for this pattern is fabricated by e-beam lithography process. The ER is first spin-coated to be 50nm thick on a Si wafer and then the model pattern is written on the coated ER layer by e-beam. After developing this pattern written wafer in the solution, a ER pattern master is fabricated. The most conventional e-beam machine can write patterns in orthogonal way, so we made our own pattern generator which can write the pattern in circular or spiral way. This program generates the patterns to be compatible with the e-beam machine from Raith(Raith 150). To fabricate 50nm pattern master precisely, a series of experiments were done including the design compensation for the pattern size, optimization of the dose, acceleration voltage, aperture size and developing. Through these experiments, we conclude that the higher accelerating voltages and smaller aperture size are better for mastering the nano pattern which is in order of 50nm. With the optimized e-beam lithography process, a spiral arrayed 50nm pattern master adopting PMMA resist was fabricated to have dimensional accuracy over 95% compared to the designed. Using this pattern master, a metal pattern stamp will be fabricated by Ni electro plating for injection molding of the patterned plastic substrate.

• Health Policy and Management
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.128-146
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• 2006

The objective of this paper is to examine the proportion and characteristics of non-emergent patients at emergency departments. The observational survey was conducted using a structured form used by emergency medicine specialists or senior residents on June 7-20, 2005. 1,526 patients at ten emergency centers took part in this study. The structural form contained type of insurance, route and means of emergency department (ED) visit, triage based on the Manchester Triage Scale(MTS)-modified criteria, emergency level based on the government defined rule, type of emergency centers (Regional Emergency Medical Center; REMC, Local Emergency Medical Center; LEMC, Local Emergency Agency; LEA), as well as patient's general information. Data were analyzed using SAS statistical program(V.8.2). Descriptive analysis was performed to describe the magnitude of non-emergent patients. ${\chi}^2-analysis$ and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the nonurgent patients' characteristics. In the MTS-modified criteria, we found a 15.3% rate of non-emergent patients. This rate differed from that of non-emergent patients obtained using government's rule. In particular, there were inaccuracies in the definition of government rule on non-emergent patients, so it is necessary to apply the new government rule regarding classification of non-emergent patients. There were significant differences in the rate of non-emergent patients according to type of ED, means of ED visit, time to visit, and insurance. Non-emergent patients are more likely to visit a D-type ED(LEA having less than 20,000 patients annually), not to use ambulance, to have 'Automobile Insurance, Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance, or pay out-of-pocket'. Non-emergent patients tend to visit ED due to illness rather than injury. Further studies on the development' of triage scale and reexamination of the government's rule on emergency visits are required for future policy in this area.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of visual feedback exercise (VFE), sandal exercise (SE), and thera-band exercise (TE) on people with functional ankle instability. Methods: The 45 study participants were divided into three groups of 15. In the VFE group, participants performed short-foot exercises using visual feedback; the SE group performed sandal exercises, and the TE group performed thera-band exercises. Over a period of 8 consecutive weeks, the experimental groups exercised for 15 minutes per session, four times per week. Balance was measured using the Biodex Balance System for dynamic balance ability (overall balance index [OBI], mediolateral balance index [MBI], and anterioposterior balance index [ABI]). Vibration threshold sense (VTS) was assessed using a vibratory sensory analyzer. Ankle muscular strength was measured using the Biodex 4 Pro. The main outcome measures were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks of training. Results: Significant improvements in dynamic balance were noted in all three groups (p < 0.05). Significant improvements in VTS and muscular strength were also noted in the VFE and TE groups but not in the SE group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Appropriate environmental and situational mediation may be of great clinical significance for patients suffering from chronic ankle instability. It is hoped that the findings will inform a program for prevention of ankle instability.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.194-206
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• 2020

This study aims at creating a daily life satisfaction improvement plan by using motivation for seeking need for rehabilitation services and self-efficacy in individuals who returned-to-work and reemployed injured workers. The subjects of this study were 2,642 returnees and 3,742 reemployed individuals who participated in the first to fifth year survey of the first cohort of the Panel Survey of Workers' Compensation Insurance. The analysis checked the mediating effect through the multiple regression analysis and bootstrapping. The result indicated the need for rehabilitation services had negative impact on self-efficacy and daily life satisfaction whereas self-efficacy had a positive effect on daily life satisfaction and played a mediating role between the need for rehabilitation services and daily life satisfaction. Based on these results, a need for the advancement of social psychological rehabilitation program and establishing an integrative rehabilitation process were identified.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.384-391
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• 2003

The wideband annular ring slot antenna with concentric radiating structure and low impedance feedline has been presented. This antenna has been analyzed in compensation for FR-4 substrate with relative permittivity 4.3 and thickness 1 mm. As the measured 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is 127.2%(2.17∼9.76 GHz), its bandwidth is much broader than maximum 82% bandwidth of a conventional annular ring slot antenna. Experimental results from 2 to 10 GHz are shown to be in good agreement with the simulation. And this antenna has a high gain above 4 dBi from 2 GHz to 10 GHz as well as a 24% size reduction and 42% area reduction than a circular slot antenna.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2012

This paper introduce a quiz game contents based on gesture interface. We analyzed the off-line quiz games, extracted its presiding components, and digitalized them so that the proposed game contents is able to substitute for the off-line quiz games. We used the Kinect camera to obtain the depth images and performed the preprocessing including vertical human segmentation, head detection and tracking and hand detection, and gesture recognition for hand-up, hand vertical movement, fist shape, pass and fist-and-attraction. Especially, we defined the interface gestures designed as a metaphor for natural gestures in real world so that users are able to feel abstract concept of movement, selection and confirmation tangibly. Compared to our previous work, we added the card compensation process for completeness, improved the vertical hand movement and the fist shape recognition methods for the example selection and presented an organized test to measure the recognition performance. The implemented quiz application program was tested in real time and showed very satisfactory gesture recognition results.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.489-500
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• 2002

Purpose : The objective of this research is to explore the correlation between personality and degree of job-satisfaction among nursing profession in order to provide effective guide for HR management and nursing care. Method : The research has been conducted on hundred sixty four nurses working in C university hospital in Seoul, from February 23 to March 7 of 2002, through survey. For the experimental tools, I have used Young-Hwan Kim's MMPI(1988) personality test and Slavitt's job-satisfaction test(1978) which were improved by Eun-Seuk Lee(1988). The acquired data are analyzed through SPSS program using descriptive statistical method, t-test, One way ANOVA and Pearson Correlation coefficient analysis. Results : Most survey score were within normal range of personality measurement and Masculinity-Femininity scored high compare with the rest. Overall job-satisfaction score showed fairly high level of 3.01; in the order of high score, 3.43 for reciprocal action, 3.41 for job requirement, 3.20 for autonomy, 3.15 for professional status, 2.96 for doctor-nurse relationship, 2.54 for administration and 2.38 for compensation. Analysis based of social demographics showed that the degree of paranoia depends on the age, marriage, nursing experience, education, professional status and salary. Also, marriage had significant influence on the score of hysteria, psychopathic deviation, paranoia, psychasthenia, schizophrenia and masculinity-femininity. Test score showed that, based on the general characteristic of nursing profession, job-satisfaction depends on the age and professional status. The relationship between personality and job-satisfaction showed that depression score and social introversion score have statistically significant negative correlation with job-satisfaction. Conclusion : this research revealed that depression and social introversion are characteristics identified to have significant influence over job-satisfaction of nurses, among many characteristics.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2014

In this study we investigated ac transport current losses in the face to face stack for the anti-parallel current flow, and compared the electromagnetic properties with those of the single SC tape as well as those of the same stack for the parallel current path. The gap between the SC tapes in the stack varied in order to verify the electromagnetic influence of the neighbors when current flows in opposite direction, and the model was implemented in the finite element method program by the commercial software, COMSOL Multiphysics 4.2a. Conclusively speaking, the loss was remarkably decreased for the anti-parallel current case, which is attributed the magnetic flux compensation between the SC layers due to the opposite direction of the current flows. As the gap between SC tapes was increased, the loss mitigation became less effective. Besides, the current density distribution is very flat cross the sample width for the narrower gap case, which is believed to be benefit for the power electric system. These results are all in good agreement with those predicted theoretically for an infinite bifilar stack.