• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.77-86
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigates the psychological mechanisms of comparison within the design context of retail stores, products, and advertising. The research aims to expand the understanding of comparison psychology, encompassing social, cognitive, perceptual, and self-comparisons and their application in design practices. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The study employs a comprehensive review of psychological theories related to comparison psychology. They were selected through extensive research on literature pertaining to design psychology and consumer behavior. The research integrates insights from psychology, marketing, consumer behavior, and design theory, supported by various design examples of retail stores, products, and advertising, to demonstrate the practical applications. Results: The findings reveal that comparison psychology significantly impacts consumer preferences and user experiences. For instance, the assimilation effect and prospect theory highlight how comparisons shape value judgments and design perceptions. Practical examples are used to illustrate the profound influence of comparative judgments in design. Conclusion: The study advocates for a "psychologically-informed approach" to design, promoting designs that are not only aesthetically pleasing and functionally sound but also psychologically aligned. By bridging the gap between psychological theories and practical design implementations, the research provides valuable insights for designers, marketers, and psychologists, enhancing the psychological efficacy of design.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2018

The logical assumption of the comparison question test (CQT) is that the guilty person pays more attention to the relevant questions than to the comparison questions, and that the innocent person pays more attention to the comparison questions than to the relevant questions. The purpose of this study was to verify the logic of the comparison question test using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The participants were tested for brain responses during a mock crime and performed the CQT under guilty and innocent conditions. After brain imaging, we evaluated the psychological burden of responding to the relevant questions and comparison questions. In the guilty conditions, the degree of burden was higher for the relevant questions than the comparison questions, and there was no significant difference in the innocent conditions. The fMRI results showed that, in the guilty conditions, greater activation was observed in the right superior temporal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus when relevant questions were presented relative to comparison questions. Based on these findings, the logical assumption of the CQT was discussed.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.405-428
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• 2017

This paper attempts to develop reading psychology coaching program that applies Adler's individual psychology for female teenage runaways who live in adolescent shelters located in Yongin and Siheung in Korea and examine its effect. For this purpose, the study implemented 120-minute reading psychology coaching program for a total of 12 sessions during the period August 9th in 2016 to October 30th in 2016. For verification of the effects, this study conducted a comparison analysis on the pre and post-hoc test of life style scales and inferiority complex symptom scales, output reports in each session, and writing materials. In the study results, the reading psychology coaching program that applies Adler's individual psychology showed positive effects on female adolescents in shelters.

• Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.85-85
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• 2023

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.567-577
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• 2015

In the period of spirit revolution, psychology for studying human mind is one of the important fields with humanities. To analyze for correct understanding of popularization of psychology, for future psychology research trends, and for correlation of the psychological sub-fields as a linker between natural and social sciences, we employed network technology and informatic algorithm to be more objective. By elucidating core key words from bipartate network that consists of terms and their explaining words in psychological glossary, we provide psychological contents for understanding psychology. As analyzing lots articles obtained from Korean Journal of Psychology and Annual Review of Psychology, it was possible to observe research trends of the psychological sub-fields. To analyze the correlation among sub-fields of the psychology, we extracted and compared title words of the articles that had published on Psychological Review over the past fifteen years. We also employed a pair-wise comparison matrix algorithm and then elucidated the correlation among sub-fields of the psychology. By this research, we expect to contribute not only providing information about popularization of psychology, analysis of research trends, and correlation among sub-fields of the psychology, but also providing convergent contents that conflate the psychology and the informatic technologies.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.27-44
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• 2003

Objective : The aim of this study was to assess protective effects of Whangryonhaedoktang on the chronic mild stress (CMS) animal model of depression. Method : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study. The subjects were divided into 3 groups (CMS-drug group: Whangryonhaedoktang was administered during CMS procedure, CMS-vehicle: water was administered during CMS procedure, normal control group: without CMS procedure). After 4 weeks of CMS procedure, Morris water maze (MWM) test and open field test were executed and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was measured in ventral tegmental area (VTA) and locus coeruleus (LC) of rat brain. Result : 1. CMS procedure induced defects of spatial learning in early period of MWM test. 2. CMS Whangryonhaedoktang group showed shorter escape latency in comparison with CMS control group in MWM test on the first day of the test. 3. CMS Whangryonhaedoktang group and CMS control group showed no significant difference of activities and emotional behaviors in comparison with normal control group in open field test. 4. CMS Whangryonhaedoktang group showed significant inhibition effects of TH expression in VTA and LC areas in comparison with CMS control group. Conclusion : These results suggest that Whangryonhaedoktang may have inhibition effects to early period defects of spatial learning and protective antidepressant effects in CMS model rats.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.615-623
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of the positive psychological group program for psychological and Affectivity well-being of self-support program participants. To this end, 30 participants in the self-support program were recruited from the B-Self-Sufficiency Center in Gyeonggi Province and divided into an experimental group and a control group, and the experimental group conducted a positive psychology program once a week for a total of 8 sessions. As a result of the study, first, the positive psychology program showed a significant difference in the psychological well-being of self-support program participants. Second, the positive psychology program improved positive emotions and reduced negative emotions, resulting in significant differences in Affectivity well-being. Third, the positive psychology program helped to reduce mental pain. Fourth, in the comparison between groups, there were significant differences in psychological and Affectivity well-being. Therefore, it was proved that the positive psychology program is effective in psychological and Affectivity well-being for self-support program participants.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.157-169
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• 2004

This study aims to review the research trends concerning environmental psychology. The scope of review is limited to the papers that dealt with theoretical and case-directed investigation research about the relationship between socio-physical environments and human beings. The relationship has been investigated by diverse human reactions such as cognitive, emotional, analytical, behavioral, and comprehensive. 219 papers were reviewed in two steps. In the first step, the ratio of the papers in the field of environmental psychology to the total papers published in the Journal from 1973 to 2004 was analyzed. Second, all the 219 papers were classified by such three criteria as the type of the paper(theoretical, review, case investigation), the methodology taken, and the main theme of the paper. The main findings from the review are summarized as follows; 1. Out of the 219 papers, the number of the theoretical papers was 4 (1.8%), whereas the number of the case investigation papers was 185 (84.5%). 2. Out of the 30 review papers, the main methodology used was simple introduction (15 papers, 50%) and the main theme was research methodology (36%), whereas analytic comparison was used only in 10 papers (33%) and theory review was only found in 6 papers (20%). 3. Out of the 185 case investigation papers, experimental method was found in 34 papers (18%), whereas 99 papers used correlational method (54%). Based on the findings, it was suggested that both theoretical and case-directed research should be performed in order to enhance the state of art in environmental psychology. Theoretical research as a framework to understand the empirical findings are as important as the case-investigation research peformed by scientific experimental method.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.95-106
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• 2013

The study compares accuracies between humans and computer algorithms in the discrimination of spontaneous smiles from posed smiles. For this purpose, subjects performed two tasks, one was judgment with single pictures and the other was judgment with pair comparison. At the task of judgment with single pictures, in which pictures of smiling facial expression were presented one by one, subjects were required to judge whether smiles in the pictures were spontaneous or posed. In the task for judgment with pair comparison, in which two kinds of smiles from one person were presented simultaneously, subjects were to select spontaneous smile. To calculate the discrimination algorithm accuracy, 8 kinds of facial features were used. To calculate the discriminant function, stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SLDA) was performed by using approximately 50 % of pictures, and the rest of pictures were classified by using the calculated discriminant function. In the task of single pictures, the accuracy rate of SLDA was higher than that of humans. In the analysis of accuracy on pair comparison, the accuracy rate of SLDA was also higher than that of humans. Among the 20 subjects, none of them showed the above accuracy rate of SLDA. The facial feature contributed to SLDA effectively was angle of inner eye corner, which was the degree of the openness of the eyes. According to Ekman's FACS system, this feature corresponds to AU 6. The reason why the humans had low accuracy while classifying two kinds of smiles, it appears that they didn't use the information coming from the eyes enough.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.445-452
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to examine the two processes of social comparison and self-comparison, and to suggest the applications of social comparison theories and self-comparison theories. For these purposes, social comparison theory, self-evaluation maintenance model, control theory, self-discrepancy theory, regulatory focus theory, and temporal comparison theory were reviewed. The processes of social comparison and self-comparison are different, but both comparisons are similar in that they have some effects on self-evaluation, emotion, motivation and behaviors. Suggestions on education, health, economic justice and interpersonal relationships were discussed.