• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.139-156
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to compare the patterns of time use between Korean and USA families. The data for 353 Seoul-based Korean families with two children living in Seoul and 130 USA families with two children living in the State of Utah were collected using a structured questionnaire and time diary. The major findings were as the following: 1. The Korean couples spent more time at personal care, paid work, and travel than the USA couples did, while the USA couples spent more time at housework and social-cultural activities than the Korean couples did. 2. The Korean wives spent more time doing food and clothing related housework than the USA wives did. Compared with the Korean wives, however, the time spent at house cleaning and management, family care and shopping and home management were longer than USA wives. The time U.S. husbands engaged in housework was much greater than by the Korean husbands. 3. Regardless of sex and school level, the Korean children spent less time at sleeping/rest, housework and socio-cultural activities and more time at eating and learning than those of U.S. These time use patterns of the families in both countries may reflect the differences of the cultural contexts, social norms, life styles, and the degrees of urbanization. To fully explain the findings, further study on the differences in social and cultural factors between the two countries is needed.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.79-90
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• 2003

The purposes of this study are to compare data for work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) between Korea and USA, and to investigate status of WMSDs for industrial safety managers. The first part of this study was based on statistical data annually published by Minister of Labor of Korea and Bureau of Labor Statistics of USA. The latter was performed by using questionnaire survey for industrial safety managers in two regions. The results showed that the WMSDs incidence rate was significantly lower in Korea than in USA, and that there is big difference in the distribution of occupational illness by category of illness between Korea and USA. The questionnaire survey revealed that knowledge level about WMSDs was significantly affected depending upon corresponding companies' location and size, and that the low back pain was the most prevalent illness among varying WMSDs symptoms, followed by tendonitis/tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and tennis elbow. Based on this study, it is recommended that the future education/training for WMSDs focus on their preventative measures, methods/tools for identifying their risk factors, and diagnostic criteria for judging suspicious symptoms for industrial accidents, and that the governmental policy for WMSDs be changed towards financial supporting for preventive facilities, establishing objective diagnostic criteria and training for WMSDs.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.34-50
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare the curricula majored in fashion retail related area at 4-year colleges in Korea and the USA. Courses were divided into 15 elements including basics, design, production, textile, marketing, industry, merchandise planning, promotion, consumer behaviour, management, business, organization, internship and etc.. The research findings were as follows: 1. Most of 'industry' related majors in Korea consisted of fashion manufacture-oriented curricula elements including design, pattern making, tailoring, draping and textile sciences. 2. Fashion Marketing major stressed on a merchandising element and a marketing one, and the Fashion major focused on the promotion element and the merchandising element as well. However, the retail element was less focused than other elements in the Korean colleges. 3. Fashion Retail related majors in the USA College were likely to focus on the practical fashion retail management elements including retail, marketing, management, business, organization behavior and internship specialized by the major. The different curricula between two countries were clearly existed in terms of the major name and the construction of the course element. The results made in the research would be applied with some modification or adjustments in the fashion retail oriented curricula in order to produce the competitive retail human resource in Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.591-597
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• 2011

The objective of the study was to compare the curricular in fashion field between Korean and American universities. Initially, curricular data of Korean universities were collected through the internet, telephone calls and e-mails from March to May, 2006. The data was then modified in August, 2009. Data from American universities were only collected through the internet from January to March, 2009. The name of the department, total credits opened, credits opened for each area and so on, were analyzed using descriptive statistics. There were 20 national universities and 61 private universities with fashion related departments in Korea, while 87 public universities and 21 private universities in the USA. The name of'Fashion Design' in the departments was prevalent in 40 universities in Korea. On the contrary,'Fashion Marketing' was the most dominant name in 31 universities in the USA. Ninety percent of the universities in Korea opened over eighty to ninety total credits, but 83% of American universities opened under eighty to ninety total credits. Most universities in Korea opened many credits for construction, design/ aesthetics, marketing and textile areas more than those in the USA.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.403-428
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• 2003

This study intends to compare the mathematics contents included in the mathematics curriculum of Korea, California in USA, England, and Japan. The result of this comparison is that there are big differences on ranges, depths, and grades between mathematics contents in four countries' mathematics curriculum. In Korea, more contents are dealt in earlier grade and to higher level than other countries. And, these features are revealed more apparently in the area of algebra, analysis, and geometry than probability and statistics.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.151-169
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• 2012

This research analyzed and compared the public library satisfaction level between South Korea and USA public library user. This research looked at the public library user's nominal complains to the library from various countries and analyzed the impact variance of customer satisfaction level by using four key factors(faculty, facility, online service, books). The results were, first, overall customer satisfaction level of USA average(m=3.91) was higher then South Korea average(m=3.08) with a difference of m=0.83. Second, in the outcome of the survey conducted in South Korea, all four key factors were strongly related to customer satisfaction level, whereas the survey conducted in the USA, only two key factors showed relation to the customer satisfaction level which were facility and online service. Lastly, In the survey conducted in South Korea, out of the four key factors, Faculty(${\beta}$=.838) and online service(${\beta}$=.496) were the only two key factors that influenced the customer satisfaction level. In the survey conducted in the USA, Facility(${\beta}$=.441) and online service(${\beta}$=.471) were the two key factors that influenced customer satisfaction level. Therefore, South Korea should invest in increasing online service and educating faculty service as well as managing more intensively in software type field policies.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of quinoa cultivated in Korea and to compare it with imported quinoa from the USA and Peru. The highest amount of total flavonoid contents (TFC) with 20.91 mg quercetin equivalents/100 g was measured in quinoa seed extract cultivated in Korea, while the total phenolic contents (TPC) were significantly higher in quinoa from the USA (16.28 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g). In addition, quinoa extracts cultivated in Korea displayed a superior antioxidant ability in both, ferric reducing antioxidant power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl values. There was a high correlation between TFC and antioxidant activity and a low correlation between TPC and antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial activity of the quinoa extracts was determined using a disc diffusion assay and optical density method. In both assays, the quinoa seed extracts did not have strong antimicrobial activity against foodborne bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Campylobacter jejuni.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.772-778
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• 2022

Objective : Endovascular treatment of large, wide-necked intracranial aneurysms by coil embolization is often complicated by low rates of complete occlusion and high rates of recurrence. A flow diverter device has been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of not only large and giant unruptured aneurysms, but small and medium aneurysms. However, in Korea, its use has only recently been approved for aneurysms <10 mm. This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of flow diversion and coil embolization for the treatment of unruptured aneurysms ≥7 mm. Methods : The participants will include patients aged between 19 and 75 years to be treated for unruptured cerebral aneurysms ≥7 mm for the first time or for recurrent aneurysms after initial endovascular coil embolization. Participants assigned to a flow diversion cohort will be treated using any of the following devices : Pipeline Flex Embolization Device with Shield Technology (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA), Surpass Evolve (Stryker Neurovascular, Fremont, CA, USA), and FRED or FRED Jr. (MicroVention, Tustin, CA, USA). Participants assigned to a coil embolization cohort will undergo traditional endovascular coiling. The primary endpoint will be complete occlusion confirmed by cerebral angiography at 12 months after treatment. Secondary safety outcomes will evaluate periprocedural and post-procedural complications for up to 12 months. Results : The trial will begin enrollment in 2022, and clinical data will be available after enrollment and follow-up. Conclusion : This article describes the aim and design of a multi-center, randomized, open-label trial to compare the safety and efficacy of flow diversion versus traditional endovascular treatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms ≥7 mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.727-736
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• 2002

This research aims to compare fashion marketing education in Korea and in U.S.A.. Based upon on-line and off-line survey to university professors in both countries, this study analyzes their responses including subjective opinions concerning educational conditions, methods and performance. The responses are analyzed by ANOVA and Chi-Square Test in a statistical software package, SPSS. As a result, it shows that the education in Korea is substantially different from that in U.S.A.. In educational condition, in particular, more significant difference between two countries exists in terms of professors than in terms of educational environment. Also educational performance differs between them more in enhancing practical ability of students than in promoting motivation of students.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

Purpose - This work analyzes, in detail, the specification of vector error correction model (VECM) and thus examines the relationships and impact among seven economic variables for USA - balance on current account (BCA), index of stock (STOCK), gross domestic product (GDP), housing price indices (HOUSING), a measure of the money supply that includes total currency as well as large time deposits, institutional money market funds, short-term repurchase agreements and other larger liquid assets (M3), real rate of interest (IR_REAL) and household credits (LOAN). In particular, we search for the main explanatory variables that have an effect on stock and real estate market, respectively and investigate the causal and dynamic associations between them. Research design, data, and methodology - We perform the time series vector error correction model to infer the dynamic relationships among seven variables above. This work employs the conventional augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root techniques to test for stationarity among seven variables under consideration, and Johansen cointegration test to specify the order or the number of cointegration relationship. Granger causality test is exploited to inspect for causal relationship and, at the same time, impulse response function and variance decomposition analysis are checked for both short-run and long-run association among the seven variables by EViews 9.0. The underlying model was analyzed by using 108 realizations from Q1 1990 to Q4 2016 for USA. Results - The results show that all the seven variables for USA have one unit root and they are cointegrated with at most five and three cointegrating equation for USA. The vector error correction model expresses a long-run relationship among variables. Both IR_REAL and M3 may influence real estate market, and GDP does stock market in USA. On the other hand, GDP, IR_REAL, M3, STOCK and LOAN may be considered as causal factors to affect real estate market. Conclusions - The findings indicate that both stock market and real estate market can be modelled as vector error correction specification for USA. In addition, we can detect causal relationships among variables and compare dynamic differences between countries in terms of stock market and real estate market.