• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of smoothness and coordination of the fingers and upper extremities between skilled and non-skilled players during receiving the basketball. Method: Ten male recreational basketball players (age: $23.2{\pm}2.7yrs.$, career: $8.6{\pm}1.6yrs.$, height: $177.3{\pm}6.0$, weight: $72.9{\pm}8.5kg$) careering over five years and ten non-skilled males (age: $27.3{\pm}1.5yrs.$, height: $173.7{\pm}5.6$, weight: $73.2{\pm}12.6kg$) were participated in this study. Then, participants were asked to perform basketball receiving movement for ten times. The receiving movements were recorded by eight infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, Sweden). The collected rad data were calculated to duration of basketball receiving, Jerk-Cost, CRP and CRP variability. Results: The CRP of MCP-Wr, Wr-El in skilled group were greater than non-skilled group (p<.05). The CRP variability of El-Sh in non-skilled group was greater than skilled group (p<.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that skilled players perform more effective movement for impact absorption from the basketball. Moreover, the skilled players have consistent movement patterns during basketball performance. Lastly, it is important to train finger sensation and cognitive ability of thrown basketball from the passer.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.541-550
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic characteristics of the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ hurdle clearances during the final of the 100-m hurdles event at the IAAF World Championships, Daegu 2011. To this end, the hurdling motions of the top 4 ranked female hurdlers in the competition were analyzed. A total of 12 cameras were used to record their motions, with a sampling frequency of 120 Hz. The cameras were calibrated using $11{\times}2{\times}1\;m$ control objects that covered all of the lanes ($1^{st}{\sim}8^{th}$ lanes). After analyzing all the data, we arrived at the following results. For the take-off phase, a negative relationship between the take-off time (CT) and athlete's rank was found. In addition, the average distances from the hurdle to take-off (L1) were shown to be 2.23 m and 2.17 m for the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ hurdles, respectively. For the distance from the hurdle to landing (L2), Pearson ($1^{st}$ rank) and Carruthers($2^{nd}$ rank) showed inconsistent patterns whereas Harper ($3^{rd}$ rank) and Porter ($4^{th}$ rank) showed consistent patterns. All althetes revealed similar 3 steps patterns between hurdles, which consisted of a shorter $1^{st}$ step, longer $2^{nd}$ step and shorter $3^{rd}$ step.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.521-528
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematic characteristics of the finalists in the women's 100 m event to provide important information to coaches and athletes. Three different biomechanics techniques were applied for analyzing sprinter motion: LAVEG, a panning technique, and 12 video cameras for 3 dimensional analysis of the 40 m - 70 m portion of the race. Carmelita Jeter(USA) performed the maximum speed of 10.54 m/s at the distance of 58.2 m. There was a tendency to show a better performance time with a high number of steps (p=.13) and shorter stride length (p=.14) among the 8 sprints. Furthermore, the stride frequency and the performance time were negatively correlated as a higher stride frequency had a positive impact on the performance time (p=.02). Based on 3 dimensional analysis, the 4 top ranked sprinters used the different strategies to maintain a high COM (Center of Mass) velocity during the mid portion of the race (40 m - 70 m). Carmelita Jeter(USA) showed more flexed knee and hip motion at heel contact (HC) to maintain a high COM velocity while S.A. Fraser-Pryce (JAM) showed more extended knee and hip motion at HC. On the other hands, Veronica Campbell-Brown (JAM) and Kelly-Ann Baptiste (TRI) showed a tendency to have high knee lifts during the swing phase to maintain the high COM velocity during the race. These biomechanical analyses of the women's 100 m final event in the 2011 WC, Daegu, will provide important scientific information to coaches and athletes for understanding the sprinting mechanism of today's top-class sprinters.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.475-485
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the Sport Talent Development Environment on the Achievement Goal in Sport of college athletes. The Sport Talent Development Environment (Martindale et al., 2010) had seven factors, but only four factors (long-term development, lack of quality preparation, communication, lack of understanding) were used after exploratory factor analysis. The Achievement Goals in Sport (Wang et al., 2007) was composed of four factors (mastery approach, mastery avoidance, performance mastery, performance avoidance). The results showed that 1)long-term development factor and communication factor of male athletes were significantly higher than female athletes while lack of understanding factor of female athletes were significantly higher than male athletes, 2)mastery avoidance factor of female athletes was significantly higher than male athletes, and 3)factors of development environment accounted for 27.8% to 34.5%-male athletes and for 13.2% to 22.7%-female athletes variance in the four achievement goals. Therefore, it is important for coaches and sport administrators to take these results into consideration when designing an effective talent development program.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.173-180
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of combined exercise on injury risk factors of lower extremity during landing. Ten sports talented athletes participated in this study. Sports talented athletes participated in a combined exercise (sports talented exercise, coordination) for 16 weeks. A three-dimensional motion analysis was performed using eight infrared cameras (sampling rate of 100 Hz), one force plate, and electromyography system (sampling rate of 1000 Hz) during landing. Kinetic, and kinematics analysis including average impulsive force, angle of lower extremity, vertical stiffness, onset of muscle activation were calculated by Matlab2009a software. Paired t-test was performed at alpha=.05. The average impulsive force in landing phase was not statistically significant (t=-.748, p=.474). The hip joint angle was more decreased in post test compared to pre test (E1: t=2.682, p=.025, E2: t=5.609, p=.000, E3: t=2.538, p=.032). The knee joint (E1: t=-.343, p=.739, E2: t=1.319, p=.220, E3: t=.589, p=.570) and ankle joint (E1: t=.081, p=.937, E2: t=.784, p=.453, E3: t=.392, p=.704) angle were tended to decrease after combined exercise. The vertical stiffness was tended to decrease after combined exercise (t=1.972, p=.080). Onset of quadriceps femoris (t=.698, p=.503) and medial gastocnemius (t=1.858, p=.096) were tended to be faster than biceps femoris (t=-.333, p=.747) after combined exercise. Although thses findings were not statistically significant except on a hip joint angle, risk factors of lower extremity such as joint angle, vertical stiffness and onset of quadriceps femoris, medial gastrocnemius were positively changed after the combined exercise but an additional training for improved onset of biceps femoris would be required in the future.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.117-125
• /
• 2017

The service quality and image are a central factor in understanding tourists destination choice. Existing literature suggests that sport event and destination image could interact to influence tourism behaviours. The purpose of this study w as to identify the factors influencing local image and re-visit intention in the 68th Chungcheongnam-do Provincial Sport Event held in Yesan city. The results of the study are as follows; First, as a result of factor analysis on the satisfaction with the sports event composed of 17 items, three factors were categorized, which were 'event management', 'event facility' and 'supporting facilities'. Second, satisfaction with local event had a positive effect on local image. Especially, satisfaction with event management had greater effect on local image than event facilities and supporting facilities. Third, as satisfaction with local event had positive effect on re-visitation intention, satisfaction with sports event had positive effect on the success of the sport event itself and re-visitation intention for the region. Fourth, as local image had a positive effect on re-visitation intention, strategic approaches to linking factors of tourism are required to attract visitors in addition to sports events.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2009

Entering the 21st century, countries throughout the world are turning the direction of their education to be consumer-oriented and reinforcing lifelong education in preparation for the rapid advance of science and technology and the globalization, opening and informatization of the world. With the reinforcement of consumer-oriented education and lifelong education, the role of school is emphasized as a ground for lifelong education in community and efforts are being made to use schools and community facilities compositely so that schools may play the role of central facilities in community. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to analyze the relation between lifelong education and school facilities in the educational aspect, and to suggest a basic architectural direction so that schools may play central roles for social, cultural, educational, welfare, and sport activities in community.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.171-178
• /
• 2013

In this study, we sought to find out the effect of different emotional interior images of the community facilities in an apartment complex on a youth brain wave by analyzing an Electroencephalograph (EEG). Based on the frequency of usage, we selected learning facilities, cultural facilities, and sport facilities. For brain stimulation, the visual stimulants with three different emotional words, cheerful, gentle, and elegant, were used based on I.R.I image scale. Overall, total nine different emotional images were used. Based on our findings, we conclude that: first, in order to improve learning concentration of the youth, a learning facility for the youth needs to be designed by skillfully combining the soft and comfortable colors from the gentle image and the murky and dark colors from the elegant image. Second, when designing a cultural facility, it is preferable to consider the elegant image for a calm and comfortable space. Third, a sport facility design needs to preclude dark colors and apply light colors to create a dynamic and lively space. Furthermore, we found out that the youth has established static images of each functionally different facility through their experience and learning. Therefore, it is imperative to plan community facilities in an apartment complex in a way to connect the space function with the emotional characteristics of the youth in order to support and encourage energetic activities and learning of the community youth.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2007

The gait instability in the elderly has been associated with age-related deterioration in physical strength and reducing the potential for elderly falls requires regular exercise. In 2005, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control(NCIPC) reported that most elderly falls occur during activities in daily living(ADL). To better reveal biomechanic mechanisms underlying age-related degeneration in gait stability, and to enhance the assessment of falls risk, an accurate quantification of a person's balance maintenance during locomotion is needed. Instantaneous orientation of the line connecting COP and COM can characterize whole body position with respect to the supporting foot during gait and the angle between this line and the vertical line passing through the COP known as a good assessment to detect the elderly gait instability. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate a 6-month walking exercise effects in reducing elderly fall risk factors by using COP-COM inclination angles. Twenty-two community-dwelling elderly participated this study. The participants performed a walking exercise(3 times/week, 1 hour/visit) for 6 months. Laboratory kinematics during walking was assessed at months 0, 3 and 6. Significant increased in gait velocity was found among periods(p=.011, $1.25{\pm}.03$, $1.32{\pm}.03$, and $1.39{\pm}.04\;m/s$ in 0-, 3-, and 6-month, respectively). Also, significant differences in anterior and posteriror inclination angles were found among the periods(p<.05; posterior inclination angles: $12.8{\pm}2.2$, $11.0{\pm}2.9$, & $10.9{\pm}1.9$; anterior inclination angles: $13.7{\pm}1.7$, $14.6{\pm}3.2$, & $1.46{\pm}.21$ in 0month, 3month, & 6month, respectively). These findings provide evidence of significant reduced fall risk factors of community-living older adults associated with a systematic walking program.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.181-185
• /
• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of types of drive-in initial steps in basketball on technical factors, to provide basic information for the enhancement of basketball skill. Method: Ten men (age: $24.70{\pm}2.26years$; height: $181.00{\pm}5.72cm$; weight: $75.70{\pm}8.23kg$; career length: $10.00{\pm}3.59years$), each with a career length of over five years and no history of injury to the lower extremities within the prior six months, participated in this study. They were asked to perform four types of drive-in movements at $35{\sim}60^{\circ}$, wearing their own shoes, after running from a start line 5 m away and catching a basketball passed by an expert passer. The drive-in movements were measured by eight infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualisys, Sweden). Collected raw data were used to calculate total initial step time, displacement, velocity, center of mass (COM) height, and COM velocity. Results: Total initial step displacement and velocity of cross drive-ins (JC, SC) were greater than that of direct drive-ins (JD, SD; p < .05). COM velocity of cross drive-ins (JC, SC) was also greater than that of direct drive-ins (JD, SD; p < .05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that cross drive-ins, regardless of stop step type, are more effective than direct drive-ins. This is because cross drive-ins are technically bold due to less influence from walking violations and double dribble rules in basketball. However, using one-sided movement is too difficult to play in competitive game; therefore, basketball players should develop the ability to choose appropriate movement frequency.