• Mycobiology
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.235-248
• /
• 2021

This study aimed to understand whether the geo-ecological segregation of native plant species affects the root-associated fungal community. Rhizoplane (RP) and rhizosphere (RS) fungal microbiota of Sedum takesimense native to three geographically segregated coastal regions (volcanic ocean islands) were analyzed using culture-independent methods: 568,507 quality sequences, 1399 operational taxonomic units, five phyla, and 181 genera were obtained. Across all regions, significant differences in the phyla distribution and ratio were confirmed. The Chao's richness value was greater for RS than for RP, and this variance coincided with the number of genera. In contrast, the dominance of specific genera in the RS (Simpson value) was lower than the RP at all sites. The taxonomic identity of most fungal species (95%) closely interacting with the common host plant was different. Meanwhile, a considerable number of RP only residing fungal genera were thought to have close interdependency on their host halophyte. Among these, Metarhizium was the sole genus common to all sites. These suggest that the relationship between potential symbiotic fungi and their host halophyte species evolved with a regional dependency, in the same halophyte species, and of the same natural habitat (volcanic islands); further, the fungal community differenced in distinct geographical regions. Importantly, geographical segregation should be accounted for in national culture collections, based on taxonomical uniqueness.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.169-180
• /
• 1994

The aim of this study was to compare pain descriptions in common dental patients with those in patients with Temporomandibular disorders(TMDs). The study sample consisted of 104 common dental patients and 74 patients with TMDs, and their chief complaint was pain, Subjects were classified common dental pain group and TMDs pain group, respectively. All the subjects completed Korean Pain Rating Scale(KPRS) on first visit. KPRS contains 90 pain terms, which divided into 20 subclasses in 3 dimensions. Each subclass contains 3-6 pain terms. each patient had chosen only one term from each subclass. If there was no proper term, subject could pass the subclass without completion. Words chosen were categorized into sensory, affective, miscellaneous and total dimension. Thereafter they were processed and analyzed by SPSS/PC+ statistical package program with respect to rank values, scale values, number of words chosen and frequency of each subclass. The obtained results of this study were as follows : 1. Total mean number of words chosen was 7.6. 2. Chronic patients groups with Temporomandibular disorders had chosen more freuently from the subclasses in affective dimension than the patients in acute common dental pain group. 3. Frequency of affective dimension was higher in chronic patients groups with Temporomandibular disorders than that of acute patients group with Temporomandibular disorders. 4. Chronic patients group with Temporomandibular disorders had higher frequency in constrictive pressure pain, traction pressure pain, dull pain and fatigue-related pain terms than acute common dental patients group. 5. Acute patients group with Temporomandibular disorders had higher frequency in traction pressure pain and dull pain terms but had lower frequency in chemical pain, peripheral nerve pain and cold pain terms than acute common dental patients groups. 6. There were high positive correlation between the scale- and rank-value in the pain rating index.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this report is to estimate Cox flexion distraction treatment by comparing the Improvement of Sciatica treated by Cox flexion distraction treatment with Common treatment. Methods : This study was carried out on 60 patients with Sciatica who were hospitalized in Dongguk University Gyeongju Oriental Hospital from February, 2008 to December, 2008. Group A of 30 patients were taken both common treatment and Cox flexion distraction treatment. And Group B of 30 patients were only taken common treatment. And at treatment conclusion day, we checked and compared VAS(Visual Analogue Scale)and ODI(Oswestry disability index) out of these two group. SPSS(Statistical Program for Social Science) for Windows was used for a statistical analysis and the independent T-test was performed to gauge the improvement of VAS(Visual Analogue Scale)and ODI(Oswestry disability index) out of these two group, in which case, value of P below 0.05 is considered as useful. Results and Conclusions : The results of the VAS(Visual Analogue Scale)and ODI(Oswestry disability index) of comparison analysis between two group at treatment conclusion day, show that the improvement of Sciatica in common treatment with Cox flexion distraction treatment Group is more effective than that in common treatment.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.79-79
• /
• 2022

Common Buckwheat is a crop with high nutritional value due to its high protein, magnesium, iron, and vitamin content, as well as excellent rutin and quercetin content. This study was conducted to investigate the main agricultural characteristics of common buckwheat genetic sources and use them as basic data for establishing cultivation technology and fostering new varieties. The seeds were planted in the research field of Chungbuk National University on 24th April, 2022 maintained at 15 × 20 cm planting spaces. To evaluate the genetic diversity and morphological traits of buckwheat, different kinds of qualitative and quantitative traits were investigated of the 50 varieties. The germination percentage of common buckwheat showed more than 85% that also showed the uniform germination. During the flowering period, all varieties bloomed within six days from June 18 to 23. The leaves color of common buckwheat were all dark green, and most of the stem colors were mixed with light green, light red, red, and crimson. The leaves of common buckwheat were mainly heart-shaped, and most of the flowers were white. The leaf length was 65.78 to 40.53 mm, and the width was 74.42 mm to 39.74 mm. The stem thickness was between 3.5 and 3.76 mm and the length was between 97.3 cm and 40.24 cm.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.161-174
• /
• 2014

This study performs an investigative research on the shopping value of consumers who purchase fashion/beauty products using group buying social commerce among the types of social commerce and private shopping malls. We provide basic knowledge on consumer behavior using social commerce newly appeared as shopping channels. For the method, the research was performed by designing a sequential integration method of conducting quantitative verification after qualitative research. As a result of qualitative research, multiple shopping values have been shown as the common shopping values of consumers using two types of shopping malls. The dimensions are price, quality, convenience, interaction, information, reliability, hedonic and impulse buying values. A total of eight sub-dimensions have appeared due to performing quantitative verification on the shopping value of group buying social commerce. The dimensions are same as the results from the qualitative research. The shopping value of consumers who purchase fashion/beauty products using private shopping malls has been classified into seven dimensions (except interaction value).

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2013

DME spray characteristics were investigated about varied ambient pressure and fuel injection pressure using the DME common rail fuel injection system when the nozzle holes diameter is varied. The common rail fuel injection system with DME cooling system was used since DME has properties of compressibility and vaporization in atmospheric temperature. The fuel injection quantity and spray characteristics were measured. The spray analysis parameters were spray shape, penetration length, and spray angle at six nozzle holes. Three types of injector were used, the nozzle holes diameter were 0.166 mm (Injector 1), 0.250 mm (Injector 2), and 0.250 mm with enlargement of orifice hole from 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm (Injector 3). The fuel injection pressure was varied by 5MPa from 35 to 70MPa when the ambient pressure was varied 0, 2.5, and 5MPa. When using Injector 3 in comparison to the others, the DME injection quantity was increased 1.69 ~ 2.02 times. Through this, it had the similar low heat value with diesel which was injected Injector 1. Among three types of injector, Injector 3 had the fastest development velocity of penetration length. In case of spray angle, Injector 2 had the largest spray angle. Through these results, only the way enlargement the nozzle holes diameter is not the solution of DME low heat value problem.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.14-30
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the independent role of sub-dimensions of job stress, DiSC(R) type of personal behavior, and organizational social capital on job satisfaction and to identify the structural relation among them. Method: Study subjects were 317 registrated nurses employed in 4 general hospitals in a metropolitan city. Results: As the results of multiple regression analysis, the factors influenced independently on overall job satisfaction were as follows; job stress were significantly decreased job satisfaction. Regarding DiSC, job satisfaction of influence type was significantly higher than that of conscientiousness type. Of sub-dimension of OCS, the higher common value and reciprocity were, the high over all job satisfaction, but in a sub-dimension(trust), the relationship was reversed. Major findings of structural equation model analysis were as follows. Regarding DiSC, there were founded only direct effect on job satisfaction(D, i, S>C in relations with peer and others, job performance, retrospectively). Regarding common value of OCS, there were founded significant positive direct effect and indirect effect via job stress on all sub-dimensions of job satisfaction. Regarding trust of OCS, there were founded negative direct effect alone on 2 sub-dimensions of job satisfaction(work itself, job performance). Regarding trust of OCS, there were founded positive direct and indirect effect on satisfaction towards work itself, and indirect effect alone on 2 sub-dimensions(relations with peer and others, job performance). Conclusion: Summing up above finding, to manage job satisfaction of nurses, it is suggested for nursing staffs to provide behavioral training programs according to type of DiSC(R) and to introduce strategic programs fostering organizational social capital such as common vision and reciprocity.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제13권5호
• /
• pp.21-31
• /
• 2004

There are probably no architects of the 20th Century who had more influence on modern architecture than Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier. Although the two architects share one thing in common, namely, both are master of modernism, each has developed unique architecture of his own. The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of their works through a comparison analysis of the Ideas, design principles and architectural language reflected in the works, focusing on the houses. this study will also aim to provide a foundation for a new design that harmonizes the design principles and architectural language of the two. Through the study the following common points and differences were found between the houses of the two. A) Common points: Both architects avoided ornamentation In houses while placing weight on the functions of houses and they tried to plan rational floor plans by separating the wall from the structure. B) Differences: \circled1 The houses of Mies express the structure in a straight forward manner, while those of Corbusier are formative houses focusing more on shapes. \circled2 The shapes of the houses of Mies are limited to basic shapes, quadrangle while those of Corbusier employ various geometric curves. \circled3 Using steel and glass, the houses of Mies are light and transparent. On the contrary, using concrete, the houses of Corbusier are somewhat bulky with Three-dimensional changes. \circled4 The houses of Mies show the value of moderation based upon the classical principles of design, while the houses of Corbusier show the value of moderation based upon geometry. \circled5 The houses of Mies feature horizontal intoners with flexibility. However, Corbusier's houses have vertical interiors with some changes in the cross sections. \circled6 In terms of material, the interiors of Mies' houses employ materials with various tones and textures, while interiors of Corbusier's houses are painted in simple white. Summing up these characteristics, it could be said that the houses of Mies have logical and rational beauty, whereas the houses of Corbusier have more emotional beauty.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 2015

In case of Senior Hospitals, meticulous care is required in both amount and quality of natural lighting because of the semi-long term residence of patients. Natural lighting has a huge impact on the physical and psychological part for the seniors. Likewise, natural lighting is an important factor considered for hospital design because it can also effect hospitalization period of patients. Research subject was K Senior Hospital which was determined as the courtyard-type building made to provide healing environment through natural lighting. Analysis was performed by dividing the space of K Senior Hospital into Central Treatment Department directly used by patients, Outpatient Department(OPD), Ward Department, Common Use Department. Research was carried out in two ways of integration value analysis using SPACE SYNTAX and illumination intensity analysis using ECOTECT. K Senior Hospital intended to actively let in natural light through courtyard and to make patients exposed to natural light when they walk along the circuit corridor built around the courtyard. This environmental consideration affected the utilization rate of Common Use Department and residence time of patients raising the average of Common Use Department on every floor. As a resuit of this study presenting type C and type D, part of four types of illumination intensity, takes higher percentage of almost every spaces compare to the others therefore K Senior Hospital was designed on the assumption of healing environment composition through natural light. The result of this research would be used meaningfully in the space programming phase of Senior Hospitals in the future. Utilization rate can be adjusted using illumination intensity value in the space that integration rate should be planed to be high. The use(purpose) of space and integration rate can be used as a guideline to set illumination intensity of natural.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.3667-3673
• /
• 2014

Background: colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancers and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, CRC accounts for 8.5% of all tumors; it ranks first among all cancers in males and third among females. The aim of this study was to link between different PARP-1 mutations and risk of CRC in Saudi population and to determine common variants of PARP-1 in Saudi CRC patients and normal individuals. Materials and Methods: DNA samples were isolated from fifty CRC patients and from a comparable number of control subjects then sequenced to detect different variations present in exons 3, 17, and 21 of the PARP-1 gene. Results and Conclusions: When comparing the genotype and allele frequencies of all detected SNPs in CRC patients with those in controls, we found none were significantly different for all variants even the most common SNP in PARP-1 gene (Val762Ala). However, two novel alterations in exon 21 were found to be associated with increased risk of CRC. The variants identified as (1) Lys933Asn [p-value 0.0318] and (2) Lys945Asn [p-value 0.0257]. Our results suggest that PARP-1 Lys933Asn and Lys945Asn alterations could be associated with increased risk of CRC in the Saudi population.