• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.136-143
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• 2007

Despite the increased interests in biological control of soilborne diesease for environmental protection, biological control of bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum have not provided consistent or satisfying results. To enhance the control efficacy and reducing the inconsistency and variability, combinations of specific strains of microorganisms, each having a specific mechanism of control, were applied in this study. More than 30 microorganisms able to reduce the activity of pathogen by specific mechanism of action were identified and tested for their disease suppressive effects. After in vitro compatibility examinations, 21 individual strains and 15 combinations were tested in the greenhouse. Results indicated three-way combinations of different mode of control, TS3-7+A253-16+SKU78 and TS1-5+A100-1+SKU78, enhanced disease suppression by 70%, as compared to 30-50% reduction for their individual treatments. This work suggests that combining multiple traits antagonizing the pathogen improve efficacy of the biocontrol agents against Ralstonia solanacearum.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 1996

The genotoxicity of combinations of four p-oxybenzoic acids (methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, isopropyl paraben, butyl paraben) and benzoic acid had been evaluated. The in vitro Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium (TA 98, TA 100, 1535, TA 1537) and the invivo micronucleus assay using mouse peripheral blood were performed. Methyl paraben plus benzoic acid, ethyl paraben plus benzoic acid, and ethl paraben plus butyl paraben slightly increased the frequency of microuncleated reticulocytes in the high doses, but were negative in Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium with and without rat liver microsomal activation. The other combinations tested were negative in Ames test and did not show any clastogenic effect in micronucleus test. These results suggest that genotoxicity can produced by th combination of p-oxybenzoic acid.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.315-319
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• 2003

We improved quench properties of a superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) based on YBCO thin films by their serial and parallel combinations. The SFCL consisted of 6 switching elements fabricated of 4 inch-diameter YBCO thin films. The quench currents of the switching elements were distributed between 33.9 A and 35.6 A. Simple serial connection resulted in imbalanced power dissipation between switching elements even at the quench current difference of 0.6 A. On the other hand, $2{\times}2$ and $3{\times}2$ stack combinations produced simultaneous quenches. The $3{\times}2$ stack combination showed better simultaneous quench behavior than the $2{\times}2$ stacks. This is suggested to be because the currents between switching elements in parallel connection of the $3{\times}2$ stacks were more effectively redistributed than the $2{\times}2$ stacks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.761-764
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• 2013

Visiting k-combinations of a set S which has n elements is the general representation of many engineering problems. The performance of algorithms visiting all combinations, however, dramatically degrades with growing cases and the time to evaluate each combination. This paper presents the method to enhance the performance of these algorithms by a CUDA method. The experimental results show that the parallel algorithm running on GPU is approximately 900 times faster than the serial algorithm running on CPU.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.557-565
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• 2001

Variations in the number of early health effects resulting from the severe accidents of the YGN 3&4 nuclear power plants were examined for different combinations of release parameters and meteorological data . The release parameters and meteorological data were selected in combination to define a limited number of basic spectra characterized by release height, heat content, release time, warning time, wind speed, rainfall rate, and atmospheric stability class. Variant seasonal spectra were also defined in order to estimate the potential significance of seasonal variations as a factor determining the incidence or number of early health effects. The results show that there are large differences in consequences from spectrum to spectrum, although an equal amount and mix of radioactive material is released to the atmosphere in each case. Also, there are large differences in the estimated number of health effects from season to season due to distinct seasonal variations in meteorological combinations in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to consider seasonal characteristics in developing optimum emergency response strategies.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.438-442
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• 1994

Antimicrobial activity of GL (the aqueous extract from the carpophores of Ganoderma lucidum ($F_RK_{KARST}$) was tested in vitro aginst Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria by serial broth dilution method, and the antimicrobial activity was expressed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Among fifteeen species of bacteria tested, the natimicrobial activity of GL was of antimicrobial combinations of GL with four kinds of antibiotics (ampicilin, cefazolin, oxytet-racycline and chloramphenicol), the fractional inhibitory concentraction index (FICI) was determined by checkerboard assy for each stain. The antimicrobial combinations of GL with four antibiotics resulted in additive effect in most instances, synergism in two instances, and antagonism in two instances. Synergism was obversed when GL was combined with cefazolin against Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella oxytoca.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.279-289
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• 2000

The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the necessity of considering wind load combinations even for low-rise buildings. It first discusses the overall quasi-static wind load effects and their combinations to be considered in structural design of low-rise buildings. It was found that the maximum torsional moment closely correlates with the maximum along-wind base shear. It was also found that the instantaneous pressure distribution causing the maximum along-wind base shear was quite similar to that causing the maximum torsional moment, and that this asymmetric pressure pattern simultaneously accompanies considerable across-wind and torsional components. Secondly, the actual wind pressure distributions causing maximum quasi-static internal forces in the structural frames are conditionally sampled and their typical pressure patterns are presented.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.181-195
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• 2006

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid on how to manage a successful relationships between the receiver and provider of the Information Systems(IS) outsourcing services. This study explores the sources of influence for successful outsourcing relationships. Based on the Jaworski's control combination model for marketing, we (1) propose a management combination model of outsourcing relationships where trust is introduced as an intervening variable and outsourcing compleyity as a moderating variable, (2) test this model using a sample of 94 outsourcing projects in 36 organizations that have outsourced there IS functions to external service providers. The results indicated several significant findings. First, the deployment of management mechanism such as contract mechanism and trust building has a significant effect on the outsourcing success through trust only. Second, complexity of outsourcing activities has a moderating effect on relationship management combinations.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.836-838
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• 2004

Alternating current switch-fuse combinations shall be designed so as to protect for load circuit of distribution line. this switch system shall be test on making and breaking at short-circuit current. the test dutys were performed to prove correct coordination between the switch and fuses in applied test conditions This paper describes characteristics and test method for prove to performance of alternating current switch-fuse combinations.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1017-1018
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• 2007

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for traction motor in the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) has different parameters and characteristics according to pole and slot combinations. The fitting combination of pole and slot in the IPMSM improves characteristics of traction system ultimately. This paper deals with analyzing the characteristics of IPMSM for mild type HEV according to pole and slot combinations. Based on the result of characteristics, suitable pole and slot combination is presented to maximize efficiency of traction motor in the HEV system.