• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.669-676
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• 2020

The purpose of this research was to revive the bathochromic effects of wool fabrics by using natural dyestuffs with minimum heavy metallic mordants. The natural dyestuffs used in this research were the indigo plant, Phellodendron amurense, and Caesalpinia sappan. Sample no. 1 was pre-dyed five times with indigo. Sample no. 2 was pre-dyed five times with indigo and then once dyed with Phellodendron amurense. Following the same method as sample no. 2 with an additional Phellodendron, Sample no. 3 consisted of a pre-dye five times with indigo and twice with Phellodendron amurense. Sample no. 4 was pre-dyed six times with indigo and then once dyed with Caesalpinia sappan. Sample no. 5 followed the same method as no. 4 with an additional dye of Caesalpinia sappan. Sample no. 6 was pre-dyed five times with indigo and then once dyed with Phellodendron amurense and once dyed with Caesalpinia sappan. The results were as follows: first, all samples showed deeper colors. Second, according to the results of the surface K/S measurement, the surface K/S of wool fabrics was >20. Third, the results of lightfastness measurement showed superiority over grade 4 in samples no. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6. However, sample no. 4 was grade 3. In the colorfastness to washing measurement, sample no. 2 showed greater superiority than grade 3-4, while samples no. 1 and 3 were grade 3. In addition, the colorfastness to dry cleaning for all samples was satisfactory or excellent by more than grade 3.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.440-448
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• 2002

Waste glass has been increased with the development of industry. The utilization of waste glass for concrete can cause the concrete to be cracked and to be weakened due to an expansion by alkali-silica reaction(ASR). In this study, ASR expansion and properties of strength were analyzed in terms of waste glass color(amber, emerald-green), industrial by-products(ground granulated blast-furnace slag, fly ash), and the content of industrial by-products for reducing ASR expansion caused by the waste glass. The possibility of using glass ground as pozzolanic properties was also analyzed. From the result of this study, the pessimum size of waste glass was 2.5∼1.2 mm regardless of waste glass color. And the smaller than 2.5∼1.2 mm waste glass is, the more decreasing expansion of ASR is. Also, the combination of waste glass with industrial by-products have an effect on reducing the expansion and strength loss caused by ASR between the alkali in the cement paste and the silica in the waste glass, and the glass ground of less than 0.075 mm is applicable as a pozzolanic material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.43
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• pp.187-202
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• 1999

The objectives of this study were to analyze the effect of dress(Korean traditional dress and suit) of elderly Women and situation on impression formation. The experimental design was $10\times{2}\times{2(dress}\times{perceiver's age}\times{situation)}$ factorial design by 3 independent variables. The stimuli of color photographs of female in her 60's model and the semantic differential scale were used. Six variables of impression formation were used: preference: elegance: potency: activity: feminine: and modernity. Samples were 400 women 200 were in their twenties and 200 in their forties and fifties. The data were analyzed by $\alpha$-reliability t-test ANOVA and duncan's multiple range test. The Korean traditional dress with the combination of Korean traditional color(light blue upper dress with dark red purple collar and string.dark blue skit) had the most positive effect on impression of elegance. Pink traditional dress and light blue traditional dress had a negative effect on impression of potency activity and modernity. Red purple suit had a positive effect on potency and modernity. The interaction between dress perceiver's age and stituation was significant for the impression of activity. Women in their 40's and 50's perceived the activity of red purple suit positively in the situation of alumnae meeting more than in the wedding ceremony. The perceived age of the stimulus person was different according to dresses. Traditional dresses was perceived older than suits were. Women in their 40's and 50's evaluated preferences of the dresses positively more than 20's did. This means that 40's and 50's feel similarity with the stimulus person more than 20's as the age of model was in their 60's The result supports the theory that similarity is basic factor in interpersonal attraction.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.48-55
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• 2009

Prior research works in indoor-outdoor classification have been conducted based on a simple combination of low-level features. However, since there are many challenging problems due to the extreme variability of the scene contents, most methods proposed recently tend to combine the low-level features with high-level information such as the presence of trees and sky. To extract these regions from videos, we need to conduct additional tasks, which may yield the increasing number of feature dimensions or computational burden. Therefore, an efficient indoor-outdoor scene classification method is proposed in this paper. First, the video is divided into the five same-sized blocks. Then we define and use the edge and color orientation histogram (ECOH) descriptors to represent each sub-block efficiently. Finally, all ECOH values are simply concatenated to generated the feature vector. To justify the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method, a diverse database of over 1200 videos is evaluated. Moreover, we improve the classification performance by using different weight values determined through the learning process.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.103-115
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate the consumers′ cognition and buying behavior on sports brand character. Since the character industries are booming, this study focused on the source and the expression method of sports brand characters that are already known to consumers. Subjects of this study were university students who were interested in sports brand characters, living in Seoul and Kyenggi-do. The questionnaire were developed based on the previous studies. Data were analysed by Frequency analysis, ANOVA, Duncan Test, and Spearman′s Rho. The results were as follows: 1. The most preferred source of sports brands character was "illustrated human figure"(i.e. a famous athlete like Michael Jordan). And the most favorite expression method of character was the combination of letter and symbol as the character of ASICS and NIKE. 2. The important design factors of sports brand character were the symbolism and aesthetics. The consumer recognized NIKE as the most well-designed character design. 3. Consumers′ preference of sports brand was found to be NIKE, REEBOK, ADIDAS, and FILA, in order. The reasons for preference were the design, the brand image, and the quality. On the other hand, the most frequently purchased brand was NIKE, FILA, and ADIDAS in order. Most of the purchase took place in the brand outlet store, and the consumers usually came with their friends for purchase of sports brand. The display of store was the consumers′ major source of information. 4. The preference group of sports brand character recognized more importantly color, design, brand, and especially fashionability than the non-preference group. And the most important criteria for brand selection were design, price, and comfort orderly. 5. Female consumers recognized more importantly color, design, brand, and others′ recommendations than male consumers. The aged consumers recognized importantly durability, comfort, and quality.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1430-1440
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• 2009

This study is on the abstract expressionist techniques among the art activities variously expressed in modern fashion. Its significance lies in making fashion artistic through the combination of fashion and art in contributing to the development of creative fashion culture. In terms of method, documents are used to characterize the concept of abstract expressionism, the works of representative artists, and the panting techniques in relation to modem art based on existing literature. Fashion-related anthology, domestic, and foreign fashion magazines were used to analyze the abstract expressionism applied to modern fashion since 2000. According to the findings, the abstract expressionism applied to modern fashion showed artistic expressions with the abstract beauty by chance, using only the images or techniques similar to those in abstract expressionism. Expressionist works had abstract and dynamic images, as they were given a third dimension through the process of being worn on the human body. Second, details or decorative factors were excluded to ensure the maximum space for expression, modem images were displayed using the simple forms such as silhouettes (spacious or dense) and the beauty of harmony was shown that had beauty emphasized by the expression effects of textile design, the division of space, and the composition of colors. Third, the action painting techniques in modern fashion were used for textile designs printed on the surface of clothes, and the dynamic character of the design was shown by the duplication and juxtaposition of stains created by chance. The color field abstract techniques were shown through printing, texture, and dying, in addition the intense and pure abstract images were displayed by treating clothes like large screens.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2008

Objectives: We investigated the physical effects of the cosmetics containing Ginkgo biloba. with meridian massage on human skin by using non-invasive instruments. Methods: We made cosmetics containing the extract of Ginkgo biloba. and measured physiological effects such as skin moisturization, blood flow, skin color, sebum secretion, skin evenness of volunteers applied the cosmetic products with meridian massage for 2 weeks. Results: Topical applications of w/o cream that 1 % Ginkgo biloba. was emulsified, showed significant improvement of blood flow, water contents and $L{\ast}$ value of the face skin. And the skin evenness, sebum contents and skin surface smoothness were improved after 2 weeks. Conclusions: The combination of cosmetics containing the extract of Ginkgo biloba. with meridian massage improved the physical properties of human skin during a treatment. Especially the meridian massage played a role of enhancing the effect of the cosmetics containing Ginkgo biloba.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.211-215
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• 2010

A new spray chrysanthemum(Dendranthema grandiflorum) cultivar 'Magic' was developed from a cross combination between 'Artist Pink' and 'SP0347' by selection of seedlings and lines at the Flower Research Institute, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services(ARES) from 2003 to 2007. Its characteristics were investigated three times from 2005 to 2007 under condition of forcing culture in spring and retarding culture in autumn. The natural flowering time of 'Magic' was October 26th, and year-round production was possible by day length treatment. Its capitulum was 6.1 cm in diameter, and had 31.9 ray florets and 11.7 head per stem in autumn. Its ray floret was white-purple with yellow green central zone. Days to flower of 'Magic' was about 43 days in spring, and 'Magic' showed the vase life of 20.6 days in autumn. This cultivar was registered for a commercialization in 2007.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.208-212
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• 2000

The effect of heat covering materials during cultivation of Shigyoku grape was examined on the effect of protection from freezing damage, labor reduction, and disease resistance during the wintering. This experimentwas accomplished using different combination of heat covering materials from the end of Nov as follows: straw and heat conservation cover B, kilding, color fabric A, and white needle punching fabric. Capacity of heat conservation was the least form white needle punching fabric, and the differences of other materials was slight. Early sprouting occurred by the treatment with heat conservation cover B, and the rate of sprouting was about 70.7% after 9 days of sprouting, showing 2.3-12.5% increase. Growth effect was not differ between heat conservation materials. Disease and insects occurred by the in dice 3.0-3.2 of crown gall from the heat conservation cover B treatment. Other damages were not observed or very little from other treatments. Demand of labor during steps of these treatments was more observed by 6% for kilding than heat conservation cover B, and those of color fabric A and white needle punching fabric were reduced by 6 and 15%, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.116-120
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• 2019

We prepared $Y_3Al_5O_{12};Ce^{3+},Pr3^{+}$ transparent ceramic phosphor using a solid state reaction method. By XRD pattern analysis and SEM measurement, our phosphors reveal an Ia-3d(230) space group of cubic structure, and the transparent ceramic phosphor has a polycrystal state with some internal cracks and pores. In the Raman scattering measurement with an increasing temperature, lattice vibrations of the transparent ceramic phosphor decrease due to its more perfect crystal structure and symmetry. Thus, low phonon generation is possible at high temperature. Optical properties of the transparent ceramic phosphor have broader excitation spectra due to a large internal reflection. There is a wide emission band from the green to yellow region, and the red color emission between 610 nm and 640 nm is also observed. The red-yellow phosphor optical characteristics enable a high Color Rendering Index (CRI) in combination with blue emitting LED or LD. Due to its good thermal properties of low phonon generation at high temperature and a wide emission range for high CRI characteristics, the transparent ceramic phosphor is shown to be a good candidate for high power solid state white lighting.