• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2012

In order to develop as a natural source of anticancer materials of Cudrania tricuspidata, the cytotoxicity of methanol extracts by harvesting parts and times against 8 cell lines including 293 (normal kidney cells) and A-431 (epidermoid carcinoma cells) were investigated using MTT assay. All harvesting parts had hardly cytotoxicity against 293. And methanol extracts of stem bark and root bark showed very high cytotoxicities against 7 cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity was the highest against HeLa (cervix adenocarcinoma cells) and followed by MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma cells), AGS (stomach adenocarcinoma cells), HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma cells), HepG2 (hepatoblastoma cells), A549 (lung carcinoma cells) and A-431. By the way, leaf extract had a cytotoxicity against only AGS and ripe fruit extract had no cytotoxicity. Among harvesting times, the cytotoxicity of root bark were high from April to September but that of stem bark showed a little difference. These results showed that anticancer activities of Cudrania tricuspidata extracts were eventful changes by harvesting parts and times.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2012

목적 : 이 연구는 $Vipera$ $lebetina$ $turanica$ 사독(蛇毒)이 인간 대장암 세포주인 HCT116 세포에서 세포주기진행, death receptor 의존적 세포자멸사 경로 관련단백질 발현 및 NK-${\kappa}B$와 STAT3 활성에 미치는 영향을 규명함으로써 대장암 세포 성장에 대한 억제와 그 기전에 대하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법 : 사독을 처리한 후 HCT116의 세포주기를 분석하기 위해서 FACS analysis를 시행하였고, apoptosis 평가에는 TUNEL assay를 시행하였으며 death receptor 의존적 세포자멸사 경로 관련단백질 및 NF-${\kappa}B$와 STAT3 활성 변동 관찰에는 RT-PCR 및 western blot analysis를 시행하였다. 결과 : 1. 0.1, 0.5 및 $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 등의 사독을 처리한 결과 농도 의존적으로 HCT116 대장암 세포활성의 억제가 나타났다. 2. 0.1, 0.5 및 $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 등의 사독을 처리한 결과 농도의존적으로 세포자멸사 활성세포의 증가가 나타났고, SVT $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서는 60-70%의 대장암세포 억제 효과가 나타났다. 3. 0.1, 0.5 및 $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 등의 사독을 처리한 결과 약한 G1 arrest와 강한 G2/M arrest가 나타났고, G0/G1 또는 G2/M 관련 cyclin D, E 및 B1의 증가가 나타났다. 4. 0.1, 0.5 및 $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 등의 사독을 처리한 결과 death receptor4, 5의 발현증가와 그에 따른 세포자멸사 촉진 Bax, PARP, caspase-3, -8, -9 발현 증가 및 세포자멸사 억제의 Bcl-2의 발현 감소 등이 나타났다. 6. 0.1, 0.5 및 $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ 등의 사독을 처리한 결과 NF-${\kappa}B$와 STAT3의 활성변동은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 이상의 연구에서 사독은 death receptor 의존적인 세포자멸사를 촉진하여 대장암의 화학치료 내성을 극복할 수 있는 하나의 대안이 될 것으로 생각되지만 보다 심화된 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.229-244
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• 2005

Objectives: An investigative effort was made to provide basic data upon which effective public health education can be constructed for schools. Methods: The research was made by delivering self-administered questionnaires to 536 men and women with unknown names from a national university during 1-month period on September of 2004. The questionnaire items included preventive attitudes, interests, anxiety, health behavior, consciousness, etc. centering upon life-style related diseases. Results and Conclusions: The preventive attitudes against life-style related diseases was of a higher level in female than male students, The smaller number of students had knowledge of the definition of life-style related diseases, willingness to learn, and gathered information on them. The number of students who had anxiety about them was also small and as low as 54.3% of students were willing to undertake periodic health examination. A great variation ranging from 4.7% to 81.7% was shown in the accuracy rate of answers on the questions asking about three leading causes of death, overconsumption of dietary salt, obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and colon cancer. With regard to health behaviors, a smaller number of students were involved in health behaviors. On the other hand, $25.7{\sim}35.1%$ of students had everyday exercises and breakfasts, 65.5% had no tobacco use. The study results showed that the survey subjects had deficient knowledge as well as a low level of preventive attitudes and interests against life-style related diseases. Moreover, their health behavior and health consciousness were undesirable apart from their low rates of taking periodic health examinations. Accordingly, the college students should be encouraged to take health education and to make more effective the existing health education in the university.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.171-178
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• 1984

저자들은 최근 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원에서 대장암으로 인한 설사를 세균성 적리로 인한 설사로 잘못 알고 계속적인 항생제 투여로 말미암아 생긴 위막성 장염 1례를 경험 치료하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2007

We found that the main bacterial metabolite M1 is an active component of orally administered protopanxadiol-type ginsenosides, and that the anti-metastatic effect by oral administration of ginsenosides may be primarily mediated through the inhibition of tumor invasion, migration and growth of tumor cells by their metabolite M1. Pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of ginsenoside Rb1 revealed that M1 was detected in serum for 24 h by HPLC analysis but Rb1 was not detected. M1, with anti-metastatic property, inhibited the proliferation of murine and human tumor cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in vitro, and also induced apoptotic cell death (the ladder fragmentation of the extracted DNA). The induction of apoptosis by M1 involved the up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK) inhibitor $p27^{Kip1}$ as well as the down-regulation of a proto-oncogene product c-Myc and cyclin D1 in a time-dependent manner. Thus, M1 might cause the cell-cycle arrest (G1 phase arrest) in honor cells through the up/down-regulation of these cell-growth related molecules, and consequently induce apoptosis. The nucleosomal distribution of fluorescence-labeled M1 suggests that the modification of these molecules is induced by transcriptional regulation. Tumor-induced angiogenesis (neovascularization) is one of the most important events concerning tumor growth and metastasis. Neovascularization toward and into tumor is a crucial step for the delivery of nutrition and oxygen to tumors, and also functions as the metastatic pathway to distant organs. M1 inhibited the tube-like formation of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial (HSE) cells induced by the conditioned medium of colon 26-L5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. However, M1 at the concentrations used in this study did not affect the growth of HSE cells in vitro.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2002

Mutation of the P53 tumor suppressor gene playa major role in the development of many carcinomas, namely in the colon, breast and bladder, whereas the role played by such mutations in thyroid carcinogenesis remains controversial. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces proliferation of endothelial cells, stimulates angiogenesis, and increases vascular permeability. Increased VEGF expression has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in many malignancies E-cadherin, a calcium-dependent transmembrane glycoprotein, is an adhesion molecule Expression of p53, VEGF and E-cadherin was assessed immunohistochemically in 19 tall columnar variant of papillary carcinoma, 24 common papillary carcinoma and 7 follicular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of P53,VEGF and E-cadherin as a potential maker for the prognosis of thyroid carcinomas. The results are as follows: 1) There were no significance in any clinical parameters examined among tall columnar variant of papillary carcinoma, common papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma. 2) The expression of P53 demonstrated low in tall columnar variant of papillary carcinoma, common papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma, but a significantly high in regional lymph node metastasis. 3) The expression of VEGF demonstrated a significantly high in regional lymph node metastasis than those without metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. 4) The expression of E-cadherin demonstrated less often among papillary carcinomas with lymph node metastasis than in those without metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. In conclusion, it is suggested that VEGF and E-cadherin will be useful for the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma and serves as a biological marker for thyroid carcinoma lymph node metastasis.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2016

Purpose: Hypoxia can impair the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy (RT). Therefore, a new strategy is necessary for enhancing the response to RT. In this study, we investigated whether the combination of nanoparticles and RT is effective in eliminating the radioresistance of hypoxic tumors. Materials and Methods: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) consisting of a silica core with a gold shell were used. CT26 colon cancer mouse model was developed to study whether the combination of RT and GNPs reduced hypoxia-induced radioresistance. Hypoxia inducible $factor-1{\alpha}$ ($HIF-1{\alpha}$) was used as a hypoxia marker. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining were conducted to evaluate cell death. Results: Hypoxic tumor cells had an impaired response to RT. GNPs combined with RT enhanced anti-tumor effect in hypoxic tumor compared with RT alone. The combination of GNPs and RT decreased tumor cell viability compare to RT alone in vitro. Under hypoxia, tumors treated with GNPs + RT showed a higher response than that shown by tumors treated with RT alone. When a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger was added, the enhanced antitumor effect of GNPs + RT was diminished. Conclusion: In the present study, hypoxic tumors treated with GNPs + RT showed favorable responses, which might be attributable to the ROS production induced by GNPs + RT. Taken together, GNPs combined with RT seems to be potential modality for enhancing the response to RT in hypoxic tumors.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2005

Raw meat of mackerel (Scomber japonicus) was salted by refined, sun-dried, bamboo, and KC1-added bamboo salts. Antimutagenic activity on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in Ames test and growth inhibitory effects of AGS human gastric and HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells were investigated using methanol extracts of the salted mackerels. Mackerel salted sun-dried, bamboo, and KC1-added bamboo salts used increased the antimutagenic activities against MNNG, however, the sample treated with refined salt reduced the antimutagenic activity. Inhibitory effects of the salted-mackerels on the growth of human cancer cells were increased as dose dependent pattern. Mackerel salted with refined salt activated the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells, but mackerel salted with sun-dried, bamboo, and KC1-added bamboo salts kept or increased anticancer effect compared to the raw mackerel. Mackerel salted with KC1-added bamboo salt led to the highest antimutagenic and anticancer activities. These results suggest that antimutagenic and anticancer effects of mackerel during manufacturing of the salted-mackerel could be enhanced by using different kind of salts such as bamboo, or KC1-added bamboo salts.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.509-518
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• 2018

이 연구의 목적은 신체활동이 마이오카인 발현에 미치는 영향을 보고자 문헌고찰을 하였다. 신체적인 활동은 제2형 당뇨, 심혈관질환, 대장암, 치매 및 우울증과 같은 질환을 예방하는 역할을 하고 있다. 그리고 마이오카인(myokine)은 운동 훈련에 의해 분비되는 호르몬으로 뇌성장이나 알츠하이머 같은 질환 예방에 도움을 준다. 운동수행과정에서 수축하는 근육으로부터 분비되는 항염증 마이오카인의 생성과 대사 조절에 필요한 분비 활성화가 건강증진에 중요한 요인으로 보고 있다. 인체 골격근에서 분비되는 마이오카인 가운데 IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-15 등은 근육비대(hypertrophy)와 세포(myogenesis) 및 혈관생성(angiogenesis) 등의 조절에 관여한다. IL-6는 AMPK 활성화로 인한 대사중 지방 산화를 촉진시키는 작용을 하고, IL-1Ra, IL-10 과 sTNF-R 는 염증성 싸이토카인 $TNF-{\alpha}$의 분비를 억제한다. IL-15는 저항 운동시 근수축을 통한 발현량이 증가하어 근육 성장의 중요 합성요인으로 작용한다. 한편 IL-7 및 IL-8도 신호 전달 수용체 C-X-C를 통해 혈관신생을 촉진시킨다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.208-212
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• 2012

In the present study, we examined whether four grains including adlay (AD), buckwheat (BW), glutinous barley (GB), and white rice (WR) affect the duration of food residence in the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic enzyme activities in rats fed different combinations of the grains. The rats were raised for 4 weeks on a high fat diet based on the American Institute of Nutrition-93 (AIN-93G) diets containing 1% cholesterol and 20% dietary lipids. Forty male rats were divided into four groups and raised for 4 weeks with a diet containing one of the grains. Corresponding to the dietary fiber contents of the experimental grains, gut transit time was shortest in the rats fed GB and increased in the order of BW, AD, and WR. In addition, the accumulated shortest transit time occurred in the GB group. Gut transit time affected weight gain and major organ weight, as it was closely related to the absorption of nutrients. The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in liver was higher in rats fed WR, AD, BW, and GB, indicating that the other grains decreased oxidative stress in vivo more than WR. Glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase levels in the AD, BW, and GB groups were significantly higher than those in the WR group. In conclusion, reduced colonic transit time has been implicated in reducing the incidence of colon cancer, as evidenced by populations consuming diets rich in fiber. Whole grains such as AD, BW, and GB may contribute to a significant supply of antioxidants to prevent oxidative stress if they are consumed in large amounts.