• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.285-293
• /
• 2023

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a digestive disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort or pain accompanied by a change in stool condition. Owing to its complicated mechanisms, a standard treatment for IBS has not yet been established. Yukgunja-tang (YGT) is a Korean herbal medicine known in Asia to be effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal symptoms. In this study, we will conduct a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy and safety of YGT in IBS treatment. Methods and analysis: English databases, such as Embase, Medline (via PubMed), Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, will be searched for articles published up to April 2023. Additional databases, such as five Korean, one Chinese, and one Japanese database, will be included. RCTs and quasi-RCTs will also be included in the assessment of the efficacy of YGT. The overall efficacy rate will be the primary outcome, and data such as IBS quality-of-life measurements, global symptom scores, and adverse events will be the secondary outcomes. Review Manager Version 5.3 will be used for evaluation, and the risk of bias (RoB) will be evaluated using Cochrane Collaboration's RoB tool. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach will be used to score the quality of evidence. Conclusion: This study will demonstrate the efficacy and safety of YGT for treating patients with IBS.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.201-201
• /
• 2023

Objectives: Cupping therapy (CT) has been widely used in traditional medicine worldwide for various indications, including stroke. The aim of this study was to systematically review the clinical evidence of CT for stroke. Methods: To identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the effectiveness and/or safety of CT, seven databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published from January 2000 to February 2021 without language restrictions. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software and the results were presented as mean difference (MD) or standard mean difference (SMD) for continuous variables and odds ratio (OR) for diverse variables with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Assessment of the methodological quality of the eligible trials was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for risk of bias in RCTs. Results: Twenty-two RCTs with 1653 participants were included in the final analysis. CT provided additional benefit in improving upper limb motor function (Fugl-Meyer assessment for upper limb motor function, MD 6.91, 95% CI 4.64 to 1.67, P<0.00001) and spasticity (response rate, OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.31 to 8.22, P=0.08) in stroke survivors receiving conventional medical treatment. These findings were supported with a moderate level of evidence. CT did not significantly increase the occurrence of adverse events. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the potential of CT to be beneficial in managing a variety of complications in stroke survivors. However, to compensate for the shortcomings of the existing evidence, rigorously designed large-scale RCTs are warranted in the future.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.315-332
• /
• 2023

PURPOSE. This study aimed to investigate whether the accuracy of intraoral scanners is influenced by different scanning strategies in an in vitro setting, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 standard. The following PICOS approach was used: population, tooth impressions; intervention, the use of intraoral scanners with scanning strategies different from the manufacturer's instructions; control, the use of intraoral scanners following the manufacturers' requirements; outcome, accuracy of intraoral scanners; type of studies, in vitro. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases including Embase, SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were based on in vitro studies that reported the accuracy of digital impressions using intraoral scanners. Analysis was performed using Review Manager software (version 5.3.5; Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). Global comparisons were made using a standardized mean difference based on random-effect models, with a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS. The meta-analysis included 15 articles. Digital impression accuracy significantly improved under dry conditions (P < 0.001). Moreover, trueness and precision were enhanced when artificial landmarks were used (P ≤ 0.02) and when an S-shaped pattern was followed (P ≤ 0.01). However, the type of light used did not have a significant impact on the accuracy of the digital intraoral scanners (P ≥ 0.16). CONCLUSION. The accuracy of digital intraoral scanners can be enhanced by employing scanning processes using artificial landmarks and digital impressions under dry conditions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.57 no.1
• /
• pp.25-35
• /
• 2024

Background: Prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) are commonly used to manage bleeding in patients during cardiac surgery. However, the relative efficacy and safety of these 2 strategies remain uncertain. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane were searched for studies comparing PCC and FFP in patients who underwent cardiac surgery complicated by bleeding. Review Manager (RevMan) ver. 5.4 (Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration) was used for statistical analysis. Binary and continuous outcomes were compared using pooled risk ratios and mean differences, respectively. The meta-analysis protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under protocol number CRD42022379144. Results: We included 8 studies with 1,500 patients, of whom 613 (40.9%) received PCC. The mean follow-up period ranged from 28 to 90 days. The PCC group had significantly lower chest tube drainage at 24 hours (mean difference [MD], -148.50 mL; 95% CI, -253.02 to -43.99 mL; p=0.005; I² =42%). Fewer units of red blood cells (RBCs) were transfused within the first 24 hours (MD, -1.02 units; 95% CI, -1.81 to -0.24 units; p=0.01; I² =56%), and fewer patients required RBC transfusion within the first 24 hours (risk ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78-0.93; p<0.007; I² =45%) in the PCC group. There were no statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes. Nonetheless, a subgroup analysis of randomized controlled trials failed to corroborate the results obtained from the main analysis. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PCC can be effective, without increased adverse events, when compared with FFP in patients undergoing cardiac surgery complicated by bleeding.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.109-116
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Recent observational studies have found that vitamin D deficiency is associated with respiratory tract infections. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the efficacy of vitamin D in childhood respiratory tract infection (RTI) have yield inconsistent results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between vitamin D supplementation and the risk of RTI. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial. Randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation for prevention of RTI in children were included for the analysis. Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias was used to assess the quality of the studies. Pooled risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were meta-analyzed using Review Manager 5.3. Results: A total of seven RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. According to a random-effects model, the risk ratio for vitamin D supplementation was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.69-0.98) and $I^2=62%$ for heterogeneity. On subgroup analysis, heterogeneity decreased in the subgroup with follow-up less than 1 year, participants ${\geq}5years$ of age, patients subgroup, and subgroup with dosing daily. Funnel plot showed that there might be publication bias in the field. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis supports a beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of RTI in children. However, the result should be interpreted with caution due to limitations including a small number of available RCTs, heterogeneity among the studies, and potential publication bias.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.131-141
• /
• 2012

The miracle of Korean economic development is the benchmarking for the developing countries. Among them, the STP of Science and technology area is very important case they tring to learn from Deadeok, Korea. Ecuador and Kazakhstan have the huge natural resources and they have interested in the model of Daedeok STP. This paper study about their needs and Daedeok's capability, and effective implementing factors. This paper suggest a six one based on the Daedeok Innopolis experiences for the successful local STP. First, most important thing is human resource development strategy for the knowledge and technology transfer. Second, the construction of Engineering Center for the collaboration of industry and academy is needed. This is important to have a bargaining power to the appropriate technology transfer. Third, they need a hardware and software infrastructure to the technology commercialization. It include a incubator, manager, and complimentary asset. Fourth, they have to connect with market closely for the venture creation and growth. Fifth, the clustering is realized by the STP construction. Lastly, leadership is critical factor to the absorptive capacity.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.285-294
• /
• 2017

Recently, as the paradigm of regional development has been transformed into characterization, decentralization and cooperation, small and medium scale development is in the spotlight. In particular, as the transfer of planning authority to local governments accelerates, LH is in the process of seeking to transform itself into a system that is in line with local government demand. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the regional pending projects that meet the demand of the region. The Jeju Special Self-Governing Province is the area where land and housing prices have increased more than three times recently, which is the area of interest in recent years due to the various demand for development projects. Another objective is to establish a local government based on LH's system, it is aimed to derive a collaboration method with local government, province corporation and local researchers. The criteria for deriving the cooperation projects between the local government and LH are basically the ones that can be carried out by LH and future-oriented projects. The process of deriving has undergone the process of statutory planning, unscrupulous plan analysis, and consultation of experts' advisory committees. In order to derive the regional cooperation project, four criteria such as local uniqueness, future possibility, business promotion efficiency, and local cooperation project were set. Major projects of the Jeju Special Self-Governing Province are improvement of the surrounding traffic system, construction of the hinterland due to the construction of the second airport, and establishment of Cruise Port(Jeju Port, Seogwipo Port). The role of each entity in the implementation of regional cooperation projects is as follows. Local government should request subsidies for the projects in case of lack of budget support and secure them through competition with other regions. In addition, it should be responsible for the operation and management of the facility once it has been supported and completed smoothly. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport affects each region through approval and subsidy of the development plan. After the development project is completed, it evaluates the development project through monitoring and plays a role of continuously improving the system. As a business operator, the provincial corporation will carry out small-scale projects including non-physical projects such as community participation. In the case of LH regional headquarters, the general manager of the region will establish a comprehensive business plan, secure development availability, and carry out large-scale growth promotion projects.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.119-138
• /
• 2020

Unlike the era of manufacturing-oriented industrial economy in the past, the era of service economy has characteristics intangible goods center, knowledge universalization, and expansion of needs, and many things that are of the economy are changing. In the past, the change in the environment was not fast, so even after analyzing the changed environment and deriving the talent needed for the company, it was possible to maintain a talent for the organization for a long time, so it is not proactive to build and apply talent. It became difficult to manage effectively. Therefore, in this paper, we conducted a normative study for deriving a desirable talent model rather than a descriptive human resource model. Human resources image suitable for the modern service economy era, the modern economic society and modern spirit were analyzed and reflected. The model in which the two opposing members of the organization, managers and employees, interact intensely and balance dialectically. A desirable talent in a modern organization must play the role of a manager, and the management and talent models in a modern organization can be said to be connected to each other like the front and back sides of a coin. The philosophy of human resources was presented in five dimensions: human, historical, social, economic, and management. The human resource model from eight factors: mastery, rationality, wisdom, customer orientation, innovation, flexibility, autonomy, collaboration. This study suggested that general talent model may vary depending on the company's type, empirical follow-up studies are needed the talents in each company in the future.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2022

Objectives : Recent studies reported that Dokwhalkisaeng-tang (DHJST) could relieve the clinical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptoms and the level of RA-related blood test. However, evidence-based review on effectiveness and safety of DHJST with medication on RA was not yet provided. Methods : Searching randomized controlled trials on the use of DHJST for RA will be performed using multiple electronic databases, manual search, and contact to author. Studies will be selected according to the pre-defined criteria and collected data on study participants, interventions, control groups, outcome measurements, the results, adverse events, and risk of bias will be summarized. Primary outcome will be the disease activity score (including effective rate, swollen joint count, tender joint count, and morning stiffness), and the secondary outcomes will be RA-related blood test and adverse events. We will use Review Manager software to perform a meta-analysis, Cochrane Collaboration "risk of bias" tool for assessing the risk of bias, and Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation for the determination of quality of evidence. Results : We are going to investigate the effectiveness and safety of DHJST with medication for RA. Conclusion : This study will provide reliable evidence on whether DHJST combined with medicine is more effective on RA than medicine monotherapy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.139-162
• /
• 2022

Objectives : The review was conducted to validate the effectiveness of herbal medicines on acne. Methods : Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) reporting the effects of herbal medicine treatment on acne were searched through seven electronic databases from the time of application of the material to October 2021. Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias was used to assess the risk of bias. Analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and R 4.1.0 Meta, Metafor program. Results : 34 RCTs was selected and meta-analysis was performed with 30 studies. The inflammatory lesion count of the herbal medicine(MD=0.29, 95% CI:-0.59-0.01, p<0.01, I²=80%) and the non inflammatory lesion count of herbal medicine(MD=-0.30, 95% CI:-0.70-0.10, p<0.01, I²=78%) were seen. The score of IGA(RR=1.43, 95% CI:0.90-2.27, p<0.91, I²=0%), VISIA(MD=0.36, 95% CI:0.21-0.51, p=0.07, I²=40%), effective rate(RR=1.23, 95% CI:1.05-1.44, p<0.01, I²=98%), DLQI(MD : 0.59, 95% CI:0.14-1.04, p=0.07, I²=63%) and recurrence rate(RR=0.36, 95% CI:0.23-0.58, p=0.73, I²=0%) were seen. The effective rate of herbal medicine were statistically higher that of the control group(WM)(RR=1.19, 95% CI:1.04-1.37, p<0.01, I²=97%). As a result of dividing the treatment groups into OHM, EHM, and OEHM, the EHM group(RR=1.17, 95% CI:0.79-1.72, p<0.01, I²=99%) showed the most statistically significant effect. The overall risk of bias of the included studies was some concerns. No serious adverse effects were observed. Conclusions : This review found the effectiveness of herbal medicine for acne.