• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.19 no.2 s.33
• /
• pp.138-162
• /
• 2006

'On the Morbid Pulse of Abdominal Fullness, Cold Mounting, and Abiding Food' in the Chapter 10 of Synopsis of Golden Chamber that enunciates Abdominal Fullness, Cold Mounting, and Abiding Food is related to the stomach and intestines respectively, and is similar to the region and symptom of disease in the light of both abdominal fullness and symptoms of pain. This chapter was united into one because the formula mentioned in this chapter can be applied to three disease patterns. Abdominal fullness shows the symptoms of distention and unease, but judging from the text as well as a specific formula and symptoms, it follows pain. Accordingly Abdominal fullness dealt with in this chapter is the first consideration and it is a kind of a disease pattern attendant on abdominal pain. Cold Mounting does not mean mounting gi disease but means the abdominal pain. The cause of cold mounting is mainly due to insufficiency of yang gi and oversufficiency of cold evil. And the main symptoms of cold mounting follow the severe pain around the naval and sweating, cold of the extremities, pulse deep and tight. Abiding food is of the same meaning such as damage of food today. Abiding food is now referred to as damage of food. Principles which have set forth in this chapter are put to use of the method of ejection in case that abiding food places in the upper part, precipitation in the lower part. The symptoms of abiding food show that the pulse is slight and slippery and the wrist pulse is both superficial and large and rough in applying the pressure, and the cubit pulse is also slight and superficial as well, and that have diarrhea and have little appetite.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.481-486
• /
• 2001

To increase the production efficiency in dairy industry, proper artificial insemination is the most important operation. For the successful artificial insemination, accurate estrus detection is required. The Korean dairy farmers usually depended on visual observation for estrus detection of cows. Mounting behaviour is one of major inidications observed when cows are at an estrus. A mounting activity detection system for cows using radiotelemetry was developed. This system included a transmitter with a pressure switch, a receiver, a serial communication interface, a personal computer and a computer software. All components and a whole system were tested both in a laboratory and in a farm. The results of this study are as follows: 1. All components including transmitter, receiver and serial interface were operated according to the design specification. 2. A whole system tested with simulated mounting activity of 400 times showed 100% of success rate. 3. In the farm test for 4 days with three cows expecting estrus, one cows experiencing mounting activities showed correct response with this system. However two cows did not show mounting activities because of weak estrus and cold weather during the testing period.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.20 no.12
• /
• pp.2209-2217
• /
• 2006

Dynamic flow characteristics of a counter-flow vortex tube is investigated using hot-wire and piezoelectric transducer (PZT) measurements. The experimental study is conducted over a range of cold air outlet ratios (Y=0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0) and inlet pressure 0.15 MPa. Temperatures are measured at the cold air outlet and along the vortex tube wall. Hot-wire is located at cold outlet and PZT is installed at inner vortex tube by mounting at throttle valve. The cold outlet temperature results show that the swirl flow of vortex tube is not axisymmetric. The hot-wire and PZT results show that there exist two distinct kinds of frequency, low frequency periodic fluctuations and high frequency periodic fluctuations. It is found that the low frequency fluctuation is consistent with the Helmholtz frequency and the high frequency fluctuation is strongly related with precession oscillation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.16 no.12
• /
• pp.8350-8356
• /
• 2015

The demand for user convenient devices in automotive applications are fast growing, mainly driven by the customer's requirement for higher efficiency and more features. In important such feature is the cold module for cars, which are convenient luxuries that warm or cool drinks placed in the cup holder by means of a thermoelectric element. In present study, we would like to find out the optimal thickness of the cup holder and mounting position of the thermoelectric element through experiments under various testing conditions and thermal analysis. The resulting thermal distribution of the primary area of thermal analysis was found to be lowest when the thickness was 2.5 mm. The temperature distribution was also lowest when the thermal element was positioned underneath the holder (A-type).

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.152-158
• /
• 2014

It is very important to supply the diesel fuel from fuel tank to combustion chamber in case of cold start procedure. the paraffin hydrocarbons are easily solidified at low fuel temperature and it can be blocking the fuel supply to the high pressure fuel pump. In order to reduce the fuel crystallization (Waxing), it have been used to develop not only cold flow additives but also the proper mounting design of fuel filter. Block heater in the fuel filter assembly have been also contained to improve the cold start and prevent blocking the fuel supply in Common Rail Direct Injection System. we can obtain the fuel pressure drop and fuel flow rate, power consumption of fuel heater to have the cold flow evaluation test with the saperated and composited fuel heater at the low ambient temperature, Due to evaluating cold flow performance of two block heater, we knew that composited package fuel heater was the excellent cold flow performance compared to separated type and obtained the parameters of cold flow.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.30-34
• /
• 2016

An integral crank driven Stirling cryocooler is solidly based on concepts of direct IR detector mounting on the cryocooler's cold finger, and the integral construction of the cryocooler and Dewar envelope. Performance factors of the cryocooler depend on operating conditions of the cryocooler such as a cyclic mean pressure of the working fluid, a rotational speed of driving mechanism, a thermal environment, a targeted operation temperature and etc.. At given charging condition of helium gas, the cyclic mean pressure of helium gas in the cryocooler changes with temperatures of the cold end and the environment. In this study, effects of the cyclic mean pressure of helium gas on performances of the Stirling cryocooler were investigated by numerical analyses using the Sage software. The simulation model takes into account thermodynamic losses due to an inefficiency of regenerator, a pressure drop, a shuttle heat transfer and solid conductions. Simulations are performed for the performance variation according to the cyclic mean pressure induced by the temperature of the cold end and the environment. This paper presents P-V works in the compression and expansion space, cooling capacity, contribution of losses in the expansion space.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.51
• /
• pp.16.1-16.7
• /
• 2021

Electron microscopy (EM) is an essential imaging method in biological sciences. Since biological specimens are exposed to radiation and vacuum conditions during EM observations, they die due to chemical bond breakage and desiccation. However, some organisms belonging to the taxa of bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals (including beetles, ticks, and tardigrades) have been reported to survive hostile scanning EM (SEM) conditions since the onset of EM. The surviving organisms were observed (i) without chemical fixation, (ii) after mounting to a precooled cold stage, (iii) using cryo-SEM, or (iv) after coating with a thin polymer layer, respectively. Combined use of these techniques may provide a better condition for preservation and live imaging of multicellular organisms for a long time beyond live-cell EM.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2007.05b
• /
• pp.3068-3073
• /
• 2007

Aerodynamic forces and moments have been used to control rocket propelled vehicles. If control is required at very low speed, Those systems only provide a limited capability because aerodynamic control force is proportional to the air density and low dynamic pressure. But thrust vector control(TVC) can overcome the disadvantages. TVC is the method which generates the side force and roll moment by controlling exhausted gas directly in a rocket nozzle. TVC is classified by mechanical and fluid dynamic methods. Mechanical methods can change the flow direction by several objects installed in a rocket nozzle exhaust such as tapered ramp tabs and jet vane. Fluid dynamic methods control the flight direction with the injection of secondary gaseous flows into the rocket nozzle. The tapered ramp tabs of mechanical methods are used in this paper. They installed at the rear in the rocket nozzle could be freely moved along axial and radial direction on the mounting ring to provide the mass flow rate which is injected from the rocket nozzle. In this paper, the conceptual design and the performance study on the tapered ramp tabs of the thurst vector control has been carried out using the supersonic cold flow system and shadow graph. Numerical simulation was also performed to study flow characteristics and interactions between ramp tabs. This paper provides to analyze the location of normal shock wave and distribution of surface pressure on the region enclosed by the tapered ramp tabs.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.39.2-39.2
• /
• 2010

In this paper, I present the domestic development of near infrared camera systems for the ground telescope and the space satellite. These systems are the first infrared instruments made for astronomical observation in Korea. KASINICS (KASI Near Infrared Camera System) was developed to be installed on the 1.8m telescope of the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO) in Korea. KASINICS is equipped with a $512{\times}512$ InSb array enable L band observations as well as J, H, and Ks bands. The field-of-view of the array is $3.3'{\times}3.3'$ with a resolution of 0.39"/pixel. It employs an Offner relay optical system providing a cold stop to eliminate thermal background emission from the telescope structures. From the test observation, limiting magnitudes are J=17.6, H=17.5, Ks=16.1 and L(narrow)=10.0 mag at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 in an integration time of 100 s. MIRIS (Multi-purpose InfraRed Imaging System) is the main payload of the STSAT-3 in Korea. MIRIS Space Observation Camera (SOC) covers the observation wavelength from $0.9{\mu}m$ to $2.0{\mu}m$ with a wide field of view $3.67^{\circ}{\times}3.67^{\circ}$. The PICNIC HgCdTe detector in a cold box is cooled down below 100K by a micro Stirling cooler of which cooling capacity is 220mW at 77K. MIRIS SOC adopts passive cooling technique to chill the telescope below 200K by pointing to the deep space (3K). The cooling mechanism employs a radiator, a Winston cone baffle, a thermal shield, MLI of 30 layers, and GFRP pipe support in the system. Opto-mechanical analysis was made in order to estimate and compensate possible stresses from the thermal contraction of mounting parts at cryogenic temperatures. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of mechanical structure was also conducted to ensure safety and stability in launching environments and in orbit. MIRIS SOC will mainly perform the Galactic plane survey with narrow band filters (Pa $\alpha$ and Pa $\alpha$ continuum) and CIB (Cosmic Infrared Background) observation with wide band filters (I and H) driven by a cryogenic stepping motor.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.153.2-153.2
• /
• 2011

The IGRINS (Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer) is a high resolution wide-band infrared spectrograph developed by Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) and the University of Texas at Austin (UT). Immersion grating is a key component of IGRINS, which disperses the input ray by using a Silicon material with a lithography technology. Opto-mechanical mount for the immersion grating is important to keep the high spectral resolution and the optical alignment in a cold temperature of $130{\pm}0.06K$. The optical performance of immersion grating can maintain within the de-center tolerance of ${\pm}0.05mm$ and the tip-tilt tolerance of ${\pm}1.5arcmin$. The mount mechanism utilizes the flexure and the kinematic support design to satisfy the requirement and the operation condition. When the IGRINS system is cooled down to a cold temperature, three flexures compensate the thermal contraction stress due to the different material between the immersion grating and the mounting part(Aluminum 6061). They also support the immersion grating by an appropriate preload. Thermal stability is controlled by a copper strap with proper dimensions and a heater. Generally structural and thermal analysis was performed to confirm the mount mechanism. This talk presents the opto-mechanical mount design of the immersion grating of IGRINS.