• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2017

An increasing number of students are giving up on learning mathematics at all grade levels, including elementary school. The study in this paper considers seven non-cognitive student characteristics to identify which are strongly correlated with giving up on mathematics at the elementary school level. Data were collected with a survey on the non-cognitive domain of mathematics learning that was developed by the Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Creativity in 2015. The data were collected from 3,636 elementary school students in Korea, and we analyzed the data using the statistical computing program R. Of the seven components, efficacy and interest have a strong correlation with students' tendency to profess that they have given up trying to learn mathematics. The findings of the study shed light on which non-cognitive domain areas mathematics teachers need to pay more attention to in order to make their teaching effective. This study further investigated the correlation between responses to each of the 24 survey items and students' claim that they have given up on mathematics. Using the 8 items with the highest correlations, we have developed a shorter, 8-item version of the survey, which will be useful for similar future studies.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.118-127
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• 1997

The physical function. congnitive performance and the depression of the elderly persons of over 60 years in Pusan Kyungnam Province are studied. For the survey, prepared is a questionnaire which includes 14 items for the physical function, 8 items for the cognitive performance and 12 items for the depression. totaling 34 items. The interactions of the items of each category are analyzed in terms of daily life performances. The results show that. the elders have the problems in cognitive performance rather than the physical function or depression, and there are great variances depending on the individual's background.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.81-90
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of interpersonal relationship on the relationship between attachment and subjective well-being of university students. We conducted a survey on 336 university students in Andong-si and Cheongju-si. The data were analyzed by Pearson's productive correlation, hierarchical regression analysis and Sobel test. The results were as follows: First, affective well-being made an effect by avoidant attachment and anxiety attachment, and was more affected by interpersonal relationship than anxiety attachment including mediating variable of interpersonal relationship. Second, there was a significant effect in cognitive well-being only by anxiety attachment. Including mediating variables of interpersonal relationship, cognitive well-being affected by interpersonal relationship only. Third, interpersonal relationship mediated partially the relationship between attachment and affective well-being, and perfectly between attachment and cognitive well-being.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.599-607
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• 2010

This study analyzed how the self-efficacy and commitment on functional satisfaction and repurchase intentionof mountaineering apparels. The survey was conducted over the climbers with 298 subjects. The statistical analysis methods were frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis. The results showed that the self-efficacy of climbers were classified into self-regulated efficacy, self-confidence, and task difficulty preference, and the commitment of climbers were classified into behavioral commitment and cognitive commitment. The self-regulated efficacy and self-confidence influenced the behavioral commitment and the self-regulated efficacy influenced the cognitive commitment. The behavioral commitment and cognitive commitment influenced the functional satisfaction and repurchase intention of mountaineering apparels. The functional satisfaction influenced the repurchase intention of mountaineering apparels.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.3837-3859
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• 2014

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) becomes more popular in industry, academia and government. However, Typical VANET is challenged by high speed mobility and insufficient spectrum resources over congested scenarios. To address those serious problems, some articles have introduced Cognitive Radio (CR) technology into VANET and formed CR-VANET. In this article, we propose an overview of CR-VANET by exploring different architectures and features. Moreover, we provide taxonomy of state-of-the-art papers in this emerging field and the key articles are well analyzed respectively. In addition, we illustrate both research and application frameworks of CR-VANET based on our works, and propose some open research issues for inspiring future work.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.587-594
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• 2014

This study was carried out to look into the cognitive function of the elderly in community and investigate the factors affecting their cognitive decline provide preliminary data so as to help develop a program to maintain and promote cognitive function. With 481 senior citizens aged over 65 in J. city, a survey was conducted on their demographic characteristics, health-related characteristics and depression using structured questionnaires from September 1 through 7, 2011. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics V. 20. As a result of this study, 40.1% of the subjects showed cognitive decline and the factors related to their cognitive decline turned out to be the level of education (p<.001), age (p=.000), depression and exercise (p<.05). Therefore, intervention programs on depression or exercise should be implemented intensively and in particular, various programs and educations should be provided considering individual differences according to the level of education and age.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.104-118
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• 1997

Consumers experience various cognitive and emotional contents of clothing through postpurchase process. These experiences may affect consumer satisfaction as well as brand attitude toward clothing products. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of consumption experiences on the brand attitude toward clothing products. The research questions for accomplishing the purpose of this study were to investigate 1) the dimension of consumption experiences, 2) relationships among consumption experience, satisfaction and brand attitude toward clothing. The sample of this study was consisted of 431 females. The survey method, and factor analysis and regression were utilized for this study. The results were as follows; First, it was found out the consumption was composed of two dimensions such as cognitive and emotional experiences. According to the result of factor analysis, the cognitive experiences through consumption process were composed of 6 factors, that is, the suitability, fitness, utility/economy, sewing, deformation, and management. And emotional experiences were composed of 5 factors, that is, unpleasure, activeycomfort, inter-oriented pleasure, extra- oriented pleasure, tension. Also emotional experiences could be composed of two dimensions, that is, positive and negative emotion. The positive emotions were included pleasure and active/comfort. The negative emotions were included unpleasure and tension. Second, the result of path analysis showed that consumption experiences were related to satisfaction and brand attitude. A satisfaction influenced on brand attitude more strongly than others. And sewing, activejcomfort, extra-oriented pleasure out of cognitive and emotional experience factors affected to brand attitude directly. Satisfaction was also influenced by cognitive and emotional factors, and was the important mediator in forming brand attitude toward clothing through consumption experience. Above results imply that consumer experience multidimensional cognitive and emotional aspects of clothing through consumption process. The cognitive and emotional aspects consisting of consumption experiences, satisfaction, and brand attitude are interrelated causally. Therefore, experience related variables could be the antecedents of satisfaction and brand attitude. The satisfaction and positive emotion could be also important factors in brand attitude toward clothing.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.415-425
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: As aging progresses, the number of patients with cognitive impairment also increases. Cognitive function is not generally correlated with diet, and there is debate over that association. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake and cognitive function among adults aged 50 years or older. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Between July 2017 and March 2018, 324 adults aged over 50 years from Gwangju Sun-Han hospital participated in a dietary survey. The frequency of food intake and related information were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and determining the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) level for 276 participants. The association between dietary intake and cognitive function was assessed by performing logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Depending on the MMSE score, the participants' age, education level, inhabitation status, medications, alcohol consumption, sleep duration, physical activity, and short geriatric depression scale score were significantly different (P < 0.05). Moreover, those participant characteristics were associated with either decreased or increased odds ratios (OR) for the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Based on analysis of the participants' intake of 112 detailed food items, which were categorized into 20 food types, intakes of cooked white rice (< 2 times/day compared with ${\geq}3$ times/day) (P < 0.05), properly cooked rice with other grains and legumes (P < 0.001), fruits (P < 0.05), milk (low fat and normal) (P = 0.044), liquid-type yogurt (P = 0.019), and curd-type yogurt (P = 0.015) were found to significantly decrease the OR for the risk of MCI. CONCLUSIONS: Associations were significant between the risk of MCI and the intake of certain food types. Specifically, a moderate intake of cooked white rice and an adequate intake of whole grains, fruits, milk, and dairy products were associated with reduced risks of MCI among adults aged over 50 years.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.395-407
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• 2020

The current study aims to examine whether dementia service utilization is associated with cognitive function and whether health literacy moderates the relationship between dementia service utilization and cognitive function. Data were drawn from the 2016 Dementia Literacy Survey collected by K University. The final analytic sample included 522 community-dwelling older Koreans aged 60 to 79. Results from multivariate regression analyses showed that both dementia service use and higher levels of health literacy were related to better cognitive function and that health literacy had significant moderating effects. When older adults used dementia service, those with higher levels of health literacy reported higher levels of cognitive function than those with lower levels of health literacy. Our findings suggest that health literacy plays an important role in determining the cognitive health benefits arising from dementia service utilization.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-23
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• 2014

Nowadays, smartphones have become a portable multimedia computer because of a variety of useful applications in our daily lives, which can be downloaded and installed easily in smartphones. Despite of the fact that, however in the IS literature there has been little research on smartphone applications' user interface design. Specifically, there has been little understanding about smartphone users' cognitive functions as a mediating variable in the relationship between the user interface design of smartphone applications and users' work performance with the applications. Thus, the research aims of this study are to examine 1) the effects of the user interface design attributes including simplicity, consistency, and metaphor on the compliance with or the extension of users' mental models representing users' cognitive functions, and 2) the effects of the users' cognitive functions on their work performance with the applications. A survey was conducted and Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) was employed to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that two of the user interface design attributes, simplicity and consistency, strongly affected users' cognitive functions. In addition, users' cognitive functions significantly influenced users' work performance. However, there was no relationship between the metaphors in the user interfaces of smartphone applications and the compliance with users' mental model. This study contributed theoretically not only to explore users' mental models that are rarely investigated in the IS field, but also to add some findings related to users' cognitive functions to the IS literature. This study also can help practitioners to develop more user friendly user interfaces of smartphone applications by suggesting the design attributes, such as simplicity, consistency, and metaphor.