• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.244-259
• /
• 2021

The economic value of personal information has its importance as an objective measure of valuation in commercial, legal, and policy areas. Until recently, however, personal information subjects have not properly recognized the economic value of personal information, which has led to the inability to exercise the right to self-determination of personal information by unconsciously agreeing to the terms and conditions of personal information service without recognizing the value of personal information provided to the service provider when subscribing to a specific service. Therefore, we will examine the methodologies for calculating the economic value of personal information and the practical guarantee of the right to self-determination of personal information and analyze the economic value of personal information through a survey. Also, we would like to propose various ways for the subject of personal information with limited cognitive resources to visually accept the economic value of personal information required by the terms and conditions and suggest the optimal visualization of personal information economic value to exercise the right to self-determination of personal information. To do so, in this paper, we have conducted two survey experiments to estimate the economic value of personal information. Based on the price of personal information by category retrieved from surveys, we have visualized the price of personal information in various forms and asked respondents to choose the optimal infographic that best represents the value of personal information visually. As a result, we have proposed an optimal usage of the infographic to 'nudge' information subjects about their right to self-determination of personal information, therefore opening the possibility of diminishing privacy paradox.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.24 no.6
• /
• pp.595-608
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: For effective horticultural education, it is required to develop kits for practice. In this study, we developed a horticultural kit for germination that introduces storytelling, characterization, and assembly, and investigated the educational effects of using it to study its educational differentiation and usefulness. Methods: First, we developed a seed germination kit for learning. It consists of three components: the kit main frame for hydroponics, the activity sheet for storytelling, and the instruction manual. It is made into an acrylic assembly in consideration of the ease of delivery for contactless learning. Second, we developed two programs, each using a germination kit for horticultural education (experimental group) and a general germination kit program (control group). At this time, the class consists of pre-questionnaire, the 1st and 2nd classes, observation log writing (total six times for two weeks), the 3rd class, and post-questionnaire. The experimental group and control group were separately executed. Third, the application results were compared and analyzed before and after class. As a quantification questionnaire, the effects before and after class were compared through t-test with a questionnaire on program satisfaction and attitude change toward plants. The quantitative results were analyzed through observation activity sheets and effects before and after the class were analyzed through t-test with quantification and language coding. Results: The effect of horticulture education using the developed kit was estimated by a quantification questionnaire. Both the program satisfaction and the change in attitude toward plants showed high in the experimental group, and this difference was statistically significant (p < .05). As a result of analyzing the observation paper with a qualitative questionnaire, various cognitive and affective expressions appeared in the experimental group as well as the contents of the observation paper. The number of syllables and various qualitative expressions appeared, and these differences were also statistically significant (p < .05). Conclusion: Compared to general germination activities, it was found that the germination activities using storytelling-based horticultural kits would be effective for contactless classes in the post-COVID-19 era and in increasing the educational effect of horticultural activities.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 2022

Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is a rare X-linked recessive inherited purine metabolic disorder that accompanies neurodevelopmental problems. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a relatively common autosomal dominant inherited genetic disorder characterized by tumors in various systems. Some children with NF1 also accompanies neurodevelopmental problems. Here, we describe a 5-year-old boy with a maternally inherited pathogenic variant in NF1 and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). He was referred for severe neurodevelopmental impairment and hyperuricemia. His mother was diagnosed with NF1 and the patient was also suspected of having NF1 because of cafe au lait macules. He had dystonia, rigidity, cognitive deficit, and speech/language impairment. Serum and urine uric acid concentrations were elevated. He had more severe neurodevelopmental delay than patients with only NF1, so his clinical symptoms could not be fully understood by the disease alone. To find the cause of his neurologic symptoms and hyperuricemia, the patient and his mother underwent a whole-exome sequencing test. As a result, the pathogenic variant c.151C>T (p.Arg51Ter) in HPRT1 was identified as hemizygote in the patient and heterozygote in his mother. The pathogenic variant c.7682C>G (p.Ser2561Ter) in NF-1 was identified as heterozygotes in both of them. Although the clinical symptoms of both diseases were overlapping and complicated, genetic testing was helpful for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we suggest to consider preemptive genetic evaluation if there are symptoms not sufficiently explained by known existing diseases. And it is considered valuable to review this rare case to understand the clinical course and possible synergic effects of these diseases.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.261-270
• /
• 2022

This study was to analyze the related contents by securing 32 volumes of 8 types of physical education textbooks for grades 3, 4, 5, 6 that are being used in the school field for the revitalization of dance education. As a result, the 3rd grade expression area organized textbooks focusing on movement language and expression elements. For the 4th grade, most textbooks suggested gymnastics using balls, hoops, and ribbons. In the 5th grade, Ganggangsullae and Mask dance were suggested in relation to Korean folk dances, and Tinikling and Gustaf's skoal suggested in relation to foreign folk dances. had been In the case of 6th graders, the exploration of expression elements and the expression process were presented in relation to thematic expression, and the subject expression was made possible with a focus on creative gymnastics. Also, line dance among practical dances was presented in most textbooks. Despite the importance of the expression domain, field teachers at school are complaining of difficulties in teaching and learning due to various internal and external problems. The need for activation is raised in that the expression domain can exert effects in all cognitive, mental, and affective domains.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2024

This study developed a voice recognition chatbot system to address depression and loneliness among the elderly in an aging society. The system utilizes the Whisper model, GPT 2.5, and XTTS2 to provide high-performance voice recognition, natural language processing, and text-to-speech conversion. Users can express their emotions and states and receive appropriate responses, with voice recognition functionality using familiar voices for comfort and reassurance. The UX/UI design considers the cognitive responses, visual impairments, and physical limitations of the smart senior generation, using high contrast colors and readable fonts for enhanced usability. This research is expected to improve the quality of life for the elderly through voice-based interfaces.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.613-625
• /
• 2024

This study analyzed the convergence case of AI painting and NFT art, art content created based on digital technology, an innovative technology of the 4th industrial technology, and explored its characteristics. Digital technology that innovates the paradigm of life in the 21st century is being used in creative art, and AI painting and NFT art that use it as an expression tool are changing the way they perceive and accept art. AI painting using big data and artificial intelligence technology is evolving into interactive daily art, and NFT art using blockchain and NFT technology is becoming the art of the metaverse with economic and cultural values. Therefore, this study attempted to explore various aspects and values of these digital convergence arts. For the study, representative examples of AI painting and NFT art were classified into cognitive creative AI painting and language generative AI, art economic NFTs, and art and cultural NFTs, and their characteristics, contents, and meanings were analyzed. It is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to the development of AI painting and NFT art, which are digital convergence arts.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.299-314
• /
• 1996

The purpose of the present study was to validate the use of tissue radioactivity ratios instead of regional metabolic rates for the assessment of regional metabolic changes in Alzheimer's disease(AD) with [$^{18}F$]FDG PET and to examine the correlation of ratio indices with the severity of cognitive impairment in AD. Thirty-seven AD Patients(age $68{\pm}9 yrs$, $mean{\pm}s.d.$; 36 probable and 1 definite AD), 28 patients with dementia of non-Alzheimer type(age $66{\pm}7 yrs$), and 17 healthy controls(age $66{\pm}4 yrs$) underwent [$^{18}F$]FDG PET imaging. Two simplified radioactivity ratio indices were calculated from 37-66 min image: region-to-cerebellar radioactivity ratio(RCR) and a composite radioactivity ratio(a ratio of radioactivity in the most typically affected regions over the least typically affected regions: CRR). Local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose(LCMRglu) was also measured using a three-compartment, five-parameter tracer kinetic model. The ratio indices were significantly lower in AD patients than in controls(RCR in temporoparietal cortex, $0.949{\pm}0.136$ vs. $1.238{\pm}0.129$, p=0.0004; RCR in frontal cortex, $1.027{\pm}0.128$ vs. $1.361{\pm}0.151$, p<0.0001; CRR, $0.886{\pm}0.096$ vs. $1.032{\pm}0.042$. p=0.0024). On the RCR analysis, 86% of AD patients showed a pattern of bilateral temporoparietal hypometabolism with or without frontal involvement; hypometabolism was unilateral in 11% of the patients. When bilateral temporoparietal hypometabolism was considered to be suggestive of AD, the sensitivity and specificity of the RCR analysis for the differential diagnosis of AD were 86% and 73%, respectively. The RCR was correlated significantly with the macroparameter K [$K_1k_3/(k_2+k_3)$] (r=0.775, p<0.0001) and LCMRglu(r=0.633, p=0.0002) measured using the kinetic model. In patients with AD, both average RCR of cortical association areas and CRR were correlated with Mini-Mental Status Examination(r=0.565, p=0.0145; r=0.642, p=0.0031, respectively), Clinical Dementia Rating(r=-0.576, p=0.0124; r=-0.591, p=0.0077), and total score of Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (r=0.574, p=0.0648; r=0.737, p=0.0096). There were also significant correlations between memory and language impairments and corresponding regional RCRs. The results suggest that the [$^{18}F$]FDG PET ratio indices, RCR and CRR, reflect global and regional metabolic rates and correlate with the severity of cognitive impairment in AD. The simplified ratio analysis may be clinically useful for the differential diagnosis and serial monitoring of the disease.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.1279-1295
• /
• 2008

This study was done to find out the effects that group art therapy would have on low rank cognitive functions and the self-esteem of the elderly with dementia. The study subjects were four elderly females with light dementia symptoms who scored lower than 19 points on the MMSE-K(Mini Mental State Examination-Korea) test. They were chosen from the ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Senior Welfare Service Center located in Seoul. A total of 15 sessions of a group art therapy were given once a week for 60 minutes from January 15th to April 30th of 2008, the research tools employed were the MMSE-K and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale on which a pre-test and a post-test were given. The results obtained are as follows. First, it was shown that group art therapy is effective to improve the cognitive functions of the elderly with dementia. According to the pre-tests and post -tests based on MMSE-K, the average score improved from 16.75 to 19.75, using Wilcoxon non-parameter statistics, verification resultant p-value which significant difference exhibited as .046, from the pre-tests and post-test, the average score improved in the subordinate areas of Orientation, Registration, Attention and Calculation, language function, understanding and judgment but there was no significant difference, memory recollection improved by a score of 0.70 according to the pre-test and post-test. using Wilcoxon non-parameter statistics, the verification resultant p-value which significant difference exhibited as .043. Second, it appeared with the fact that group art therapy effects the Self-Esteem of the elderly with dementia. From the verifications of a pre-test and post-test on Self-Esteem, the average score improved from 20.75 to 24.25, the effectiveness of the program was given proven by statistically considering the statistical resultant p-value of .048.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.283-304
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study was to identify Web accessibility issues of healthcare websites of the Korean government and public agencies by evaluating these websites' accessibility in accordance with the Korean Web Contents Accessibility Guideline. This study conducted both automated and expert testing to assess the accessibility of a total of 27 health-related websites. The results of the assessment which was conducted in two stages indicated that institutions such as the National Hospital and National Rehabilitation Center demonstrated almost no Web accessibility error. In addition, the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, the Health Services Agency, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, and the Korea Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Agency attained very high web accessibility. However, the results of an expert evaluation highlighted that there were considerable errors in providing appropriate alternative text, which was not found in the automated test, and the color contrast of the text content did not comply with Web accessibility standard. Therefore, these websites did not support web accessibility for the sight-impaired. Furthermore, the present study found that it was difficult to deliver accurate information to users due to errors in the default language display and markup, and also, issues of skipping repeated content, content linearization, and compliance with keyboard use were considered as challenges that might arise for people with sight, cognitive and mobility impairments with respect to Web accessibility. It is the first study that evaluated accessibility of healthcare websites of the Korean government and public agencies based on the Korean Web Contents Accessibility Guideline. The present study made a contribution to research on Web accessibility by conducting expert testing, which provided a more complete assessment that identified the degree and specific issues of accessibility errors when compared to automated testing.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.299-315
• /
• 1993

Koreans are one of the fastest growing immigrant groups in America. Stress responses and stressors among this large cultural minority has been rarely been studied by nursing researchers. Adjusting to life in foreign country produces a great deal of stress. Differences in culture, language, expectations and social behavior can lead to misunderstandings between health care providers and clients. These misunderstandings are not well accounted for in health assessment. This study investigated the relationship between life events or / and daily activities as a stressor and the symptoms of stress among a sample of Korean immigrants in America. The symptoms of stress scale (SOS) was used to identify stress responses and open-ended questions were used to identify life events and daily activities considered by the respondents to be stressful. A simple random sample of 283 subjects was selected from the Directory of the Korean Society of Chicago, New York, Los Angeles, Philadelphia and Seattle. Demographically, the subjects ranged in age from 20 to 69 years, and the percentage of women and men was approximately 50% each. Almost ninety percent of the subjects were highly educated, 17% owners of business, 19% white collar professionals, 14% employed in sales or as skilled /unskilled labor, 27% as housewives and students and 3％ had no occupation. The total group SOS mean was 0.8042 ; the SOS men for man was 0.7371, and for women was 0.8713. The stress response of this subject group was high, -the stress response of women higher than that for men. In an earlier study(June, 1992) with another sample, the total mean SOS score was similar to this one. The main stressful life events or / and daily activities were, in order, economic problems (N=97), interpersonal problems (N=68), children care problems (N=258), health problems (N=49), communication problems (N=42), family problems (N=38), worry about future career (N=36), and religious problems (N=25). There was a significant difference in the SOS means between the group that expressed life events or / and daily activities to be stressful and the group that did not. Interpersonal relationships and economic and family problems were stressors for those who complained about peripheral manifestations. cardiopulmonary symptoms, central-neurological symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, muscle ten-sion, habitual patterns, depression, anxiety, emotional irritability and cognitive disorganization. In summary, interpersonal relationships and economic and family problems influenced stress response manifestations. Income, the number of people in the family, the year of immigration. the level of education, and marital status were related to physiological and psychosocial stress responses.